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Crystals
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Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy
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Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2022) | Viewed by 17715

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Minghui Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110207, China
Interests: Nanocrystalline coatings: Nanoparticles coatings; thin films; inorganic-organic hybrids; nano-alloys; graphene; nanotubes; Nanomaterials; Shape and size effects in catalysis; Advanced characterization studies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For metallic alloys, the degradation and loss due to corrosion, wear, and erosion is a serious contemporary issue that primarily limits the useful life of equipment and engineering materials. The success of products strongly depends on the properties of the outermost layer, which can be significantly enhanced by appropriate surface treatments and suitable coatings. Nanocrystalline coatings are composed of structures at the nanoscale, usually achieved via specifically designed self-assembly processes, which in mechanics and tribology, optics and microelectronics, fluid dynamics, and in many other fields that either already exist or are expected to arise in the future. For example, the nanocrystalline protective coating researched by our team effectively improves the oxidation and corrosion resistance of the alloy, and significantly prolong the service life of the alloy in severe high temperature environment by more than 10 times. Therefore, the field of nanocrystalline coatings has gained a important role in materials science and engineering and attracts great scientific and research interest with a view to producing cost-effective and advanced nanostructure materials.The "Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy" section is a forum for rapid publication of accounts of works pertaining to the preparation, characterization and application of all nanocrystalline coatings on Alloys. The scope of Coating characterization, Deposition and Modification comprises various coating deposition processes and surface treatments as well as microstructural/properties characterization and performance studies of the modified or treated surfaces. Also, development of novel characterization tools that are specifically designed for new nanocrystalline coatings to study their structural, protective performance and other properties are welcome in this section. All manuscripts to be considered for publication in this section will undergo a rigorous peer-review process and decisions are based on the recommendations of independent reviewers.

Dr. Minghui Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanocrystalline coatings: Nanoparticles coatings
  • thin films
  • inorganic-organic hybrids
  • nano-alloys
  • graphene
  • nanotubes
  • Nanomaterials
  • Shape and size effects in catalysis
  • Advanced characterization studies

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5115 KiB  
Article
Influence of Au, Ag, and Cu Adatoms on Optical Properties of TiO2 (110) Surface: Predictions from RT-TDDFT Calculations
by Yin-Pai Lin, Dmitry Bocharov, Eugene A. Kotomin, Mikhail G. Brik and Sergei Piskunov
Crystals 2022, 12(4), 452; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12040452 - 24 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2360
Abstract
In this paper, real-time time-dependent density-functional theory (RT-TDDFT) calculations are performed to analyze the optical property and charge transitions of a single noble metal atom deposited on rutile TiO2 (110) surface. The model structures are built reflecting the equilibrium positions of deposited [...] Read more.
In this paper, real-time time-dependent density-functional theory (RT-TDDFT) calculations are performed to analyze the optical property and charge transitions of a single noble metal atom deposited on rutile TiO2 (110) surface. The model structures are built reflecting the equilibrium positions of deposited adatoms atop the TiO2 surface. The absorption spectra are calculated for all model structures under study. To provide deeper insight into photo-absorption processes, the transition contribution maps are computed for the states of deposited adatoms involved in transitions. Assuming the photon energy is enough to overcome the band gap of TiO2 (∼3 eV), the photogenerated electrons of TiO2 seem to be partly accumulated around deposited Au atoms. In contrast, this is rarely observed for deposited Ag and Cu atoms. Based on our calculations, we have identified the transition state mechanism that is important for the design strategy of future photocatalytic materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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13 pages, 7472 KiB  
Article
Effects of Matrix Silicon Content on the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Al-Si Alloys Using Different Power Modes
by Kang Li, Guoge Zhang, Aihua Yi, Wen Zhu, Zhongmiao Liao, Ken Chen, Wenfang Li and Zhenyuan Luo
Crystals 2022, 12(1), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12010123 - 17 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1986
Abstract
The plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of pure Al and Al alloys containing 4, 9, 12, or 15 wt.% Si were investigated under pulsed bipolar current and pulsed bipolar voltage modes, respectively. It was determined that the discharge sparks preferentially occurred on the SiO [...] Read more.
The plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of pure Al and Al alloys containing 4, 9, 12, or 15 wt.% Si were investigated under pulsed bipolar current and pulsed bipolar voltage modes, respectively. It was determined that the discharge sparks preferentially occurred on the SiO2 relative to the Al2O3 during the initial stage of PEO processing regardless of the power mode. Following 30 min of PEO treatment under the two modes, the thicknesses of the layers decreased, whereas their specific energy consumption increased with increasing Si content in the matrix. The presence of primary Si in the alloy with 15 wt.% Si had a significantly negative effect on the PEO process in the pulsed bipolar current mode: The layer thickness decreased by 45%, and its specific energy consumption increased by 52%, compared with those on pure Al. However, in the pulsed bipolar voltage mode, the layer thickness on the evaluated samples only decreased slightly, and it became much more similar after treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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Graphical abstract

13 pages, 5237 KiB  
Article
Microstructure Study of Phase Transformation of Quartz in Potassium Silicate Glass at 900 °C and 1000 °C
by Wenbo Li, Chenghao Xu, Ameng Xie, Ken Chen, Yingfei Yang, Lanlan Liu and Shenglong Zhu
Crystals 2021, 11(12), 1481; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121481 - 29 Nov 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3133
Abstract
Interfacial reaction between quartz and potassium silicate glass was studied at both 900 °C and 1000 °C. The results showed that no phase transformation was observed for the pure quartz at 900 °C or 1000 °C. Instead, for quartz particles in K2 [...] Read more.
Interfacial reaction between quartz and potassium silicate glass was studied at both 900 °C and 1000 °C. The results showed that no phase transformation was observed for the pure quartz at 900 °C or 1000 °C. Instead, for quartz particles in K2O-SiO2 glass, the transformation from quartz to cristobalite occurred at the quartz/glass interface at first, and then the cristobalite crystals transformed into tridymite. The tridymite formed at the interface between particles and glass became the site of heterogeneous nucleation, which induces plenty of tridymite precipitation in potassium silicate glass. The influential mechanism of firing temperature and size of quartz particles on transformation rate was discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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12 pages, 7420 KiB  
Article
Comparison of CrN, AlN and TiN Diffusion Barriers on the Interdiffusion and Oxidation Behaviors of Ni+CrAlYSiN Nanocomposite Coatings
by Lijuan Zhu, Chun Feng, Shenglong Zhu, Fuhui Wang, Juntao Yuan and Peng Wang
Crystals 2021, 11(11), 1333; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111333 - 31 Oct 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2199
Abstract
CrN, AlN, TiN layer were prepared as diffusion barriers between the K417 substrate and Ni+CrAlYSiN nano composite coatings via vacuum arc evaporation. Oxidation kinetics and microstructure evaluation of these nano coating systems at 1000 °C after 100 h were studied. Results show that [...] Read more.
CrN, AlN, TiN layer were prepared as diffusion barriers between the K417 substrate and Ni+CrAlYSiN nano composite coatings via vacuum arc evaporation. Oxidation kinetics and microstructure evaluation of these nano coating systems at 1000 °C after 100 h were studied. Results show that the AlN layer showed good thermodynamic stability, effectively inhibited the interdiffusion between the coating and the substrate, improved the oxidation resistance of Ni+CrAlYSiN nano composite coatings, and a single-layer Al2O3 film was formed on the coating. The CrN layer was decomposed, which did not block the diffusion of elements and had little effect on the oxidation resistance of the Ni+CrAlYSiN nano composite coating. The TiN layer effectively prevented the interdiffusion between the coating and the substrate. However, it deteriorated the oxidation resistance of the composite coating. Similar to the Ni+CrAlYSiN coating without a diffusion barrier, a double-layer oxide film structure with Al2O3 as the inner layer and Ni(Al,Cr)2O4 as the outer layer formed on the Ni+CrAlYSiN nano composite coatings with the CrN or TiN diffusion barrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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15 pages, 4761 KiB  
Article
Improved Oxidation and Hot Corrosion Resistance of 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV Stainless Steel at 650 °C by a Novel Glass-Ceramic Coating
by Ken Chen, Jiewei Lin, Wenfang Li, Wen Zhu, Kang Li, Aihua Yi, Shaodong Hu, Minghui Chen and Fuhui Wang
Crystals 2021, 11(10), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101213 - 8 Oct 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2533
Abstract
A novel glass-ceramic coating was applied onto the 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV stainless steel. The oxidation and corrosion behaviors of coated and uncoated steels were comparatively investigated in air and in the presence of NaCl + Na2SO4 eutectic deposits at 650 °C, respectively. [...] Read more.
A novel glass-ceramic coating was applied onto the 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV stainless steel. The oxidation and corrosion behaviors of coated and uncoated steels were comparatively investigated in air and in the presence of NaCl + Na2SO4 eutectic deposits at 650 °C, respectively. Protective scales formed on the surface of stainless steel prevented the severe oxidation of the alloy. Catastrophic hot corrosion occurred on the steel when a salt film was attached, producing loose iron oxide layers and internal corrosion zone. The glass-ceramic coating acted as a barrier that effectively hindered the invasion of corrosive species during the oxidation and hot corrosion tests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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14 pages, 8795 KiB  
Article
Oxidation Behavior and Oxide Transformation of a Pt-Modified Aluminide Coating at Moderate High Temperature
by Yanyan Li, Shuai Li, Chao Zhang, Na Xu and Zebin Bao
Crystals 2021, 11(8), 972; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080972 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2207
Abstract
The oxidation performance of a single-phase Pt-modified aluminide coating was assessed in oxidation test at 980 °C in comparison with the single crystal superalloy. The results suggested that the Pt-modified aluminide coating exhibited superior oxidation resistance. During oxidation, the oxide scale formed on [...] Read more.
The oxidation performance of a single-phase Pt-modified aluminide coating was assessed in oxidation test at 980 °C in comparison with the single crystal superalloy. The results suggested that the Pt-modified aluminide coating exhibited superior oxidation resistance. During oxidation, the oxide scale formed on bare alloy changed constantly followed by the constitution of the multi-layer scale structure: An outer scale mainly consisted of Cr2O3 + NiCr2O4 + TiO2 with scarce protection, and an internal scale mainly consisted of Al2O3. The thickness of the outer oxide scale increased with time, where the scale became looser and more porous. Meanwhile, the internal scale was discontinuous. Oxygen and nitrogen inwardly diffused into substrate, forming Ta2O5 and TiN particles. In contrast to the complex constitution of oxide scale, a uniform and continuous Al2O3 scale formed on Pt-modified aluminide-coated samples after oxidation at 980 °C for 1500 h, which showed no spallation and cracking. Interestingly, θ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 phases remained after such a long oxidation time. It is the relatively lower temperature and the presence of Pt retarded θ-α transformation. The degradation rate from β-NiAl to γ′-Ni3Al was very slow in the coating. The various development of oxide scale on the coating and substrate was individually studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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15 pages, 6177 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Glass Coatings with Various Silica Content Corrosion in a 0.5 M HCl Water Solution
by Hang Wang, Chuan Zhang, Chengyang Jiang, Lijuan Zhu, Jiakai Cui, Lihong Han, Minghui Chen, Shujiang Geng and Fuhui Wang
Crystals 2021, 11(4), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040346 - 28 Mar 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2411
Abstract
Two enamel coatings with a high and a low silica content were prepared on 35CrMo steels via vacuum firing. Their corrosion behavior in a 0.5 M HCl solution including corrosion kinetics, microstructures and electrochemistry performance were studied in comparison with uncoated steels. The [...] Read more.
Two enamel coatings with a high and a low silica content were prepared on 35CrMo steels via vacuum firing. Their corrosion behavior in a 0.5 M HCl solution including corrosion kinetics, microstructures and electrochemistry performance were studied in comparison with uncoated steels. The results show that catastrophic corrosion occurred for uncoated steels while enamel coatings significantly decreased the corrosion rate. Enamel coatings with a high silica content exhibited the best corrosion resistance against hydrochloric acid due to their highly connected silicate network, which inhibited the leaching process of alkali metals in the acid solution. The corrosion inhibition efficiency for enamel containing a high silica content reached a maximum of 94.3%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystalline Coating Alloy)
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