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Crystals
Special Issues
Multifunctional Materials and Structures
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Multifunctional Materials and Structures

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2024) | Viewed by 11617

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Munteanu Corneliu

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Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics and Robotics Department, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
Interests: biomaterials; biodegradable materials; coatings; microstructural analysis; heat treatments
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bogdan Istrate

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechanics, Universitatea Tehnica "Gheoghe Asachi" Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania
Interests: biomaterials; APS coatings; microstructural analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish original scientific papers describing research work about designing the microstructure, mechanical analysis, corrosion resistance, in vitro and in vivo studies, coatings and material processes of all kinds of modern engineering materials. The development of advanced materials and structures including elaboration, properties, and applications has become one of the most important topics in recent years. This is a driving force in the development of new solutions, to find innovative synthesis and technological solutions, as well as understand the function-to-properties relationships, all of which may be reflected in your scientific contributions to this Special Issue. A special array of advanced materials and structures with specific properties has been developed in recent years, across a wide range of commercial, biomedical, and industrial applications. Going forward, research activities in this field will most certainly intensify. The design and synthesis of advanced materials and structures require a thorough understanding of fundamental phenomena in condensed matter, materials physics, and engineering mechanics.

The forthcoming Special Issue of Crystals aims to publish new advances in the attractive field of research of “Multifunctional Materials and Structures”.

To resume the achievements of recent years in this field, the current Special Issue proposes to cover all aspects connected with the synthesis, design, and characterization of multifunctional materials and structures.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue, welcoming full original research papers, communications, and review articles, to be submitted before 31 January 2023.

Prof. Dr. Munteanu Corneliu
Dr. Bogdan Istrate
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multi-phase intermetallic alloys
  • surface and interface engineering to improve the materials’ performance
  • novel coatings for improving the performance of metals
  • biocompatible and biodegradable materials
  • Fe-, Mg-, Ti-, Cu-, Co-, Al-, Zn-based intermetallic alloys
  • microstructure characterization (OM, SEM, XRD)
  • surface interface characterization
  • mechanical properties
  • corrosion resistance and electrochemical analysis
  • in vivo and in vitro studies
  • osseointegration and cell studies
  • high biocompatibility for medical applications
  • thermal analysis
  • heat treatments
  • the relationship between structure, properties, and materials applications

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 12911 KiB  
Article
Correlation between Mechanical Properties—Structural Characteristics and Cavitation Resistance of Cast Aluminum Alloy Type 5083
by Dionisie Istrate, Beatrice-Gabriela Sbârcea, Alin Mihai Demian, Andreea Daniela Buzatu, Laura Salcianu, Ilare Bordeasu, Lavinia Madalina Micu, Cristian Ghera, Bogdan Florea and Brândușa Ghiban
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1538; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111538 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1780
Abstract
The aluminum alloy type 5083, which has high corrosion resistance, excellent weldability, and good strength, is widely used in shipbuilding, automotive, aerospace, and industrial construction. The present paper has the aim of establishing a possible correlation between mechanical properties, structural characteristics, and cavitation [...] Read more.
The aluminum alloy type 5083, which has high corrosion resistance, excellent weldability, and good strength, is widely used in shipbuilding, automotive, aerospace, and industrial construction. The present paper has the aim of establishing a possible correlation between mechanical properties, structural characteristics, and cavitation erosion properties of the 5083 alloy after applying different heat treatments. Different homogenization heat treatments (350 °C, 450 °C) were applied, each followed by cooling in air and artificial aging at different temperature (140 °C and 180 °C) with three maintenance periods, 1 h, 12 h, and 24 h. The experiments concerning cavitation resistance of the experimental samples were completed in accordance with ASTM G32-2016. The cavitation erosion resistance were determined either by analytical diagrams MDER (or MDE) vs. cavity attack duration, or by measuring the maximum erosion attack by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the best combination of heat treatments applied to cast aluminum products type 5083 is homogenization at 350 °C followed by artificial aging at 180 °C, at which the highest mechanical characteristics are obtained, a resilience of 25 J/cm2, a grain size of 140–180 μm, and a maximum depth of the erosion MDEmax around 14–17 µm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Materials and Structures)
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12 pages, 8118 KiB  
Article
Hot-Corrosion and Particle Erosion Resistance of Co-Based Brazed Alloy Coatings
by Ion-Dragoș Uțu, Iosif Hulka, Norbert Kazamer, Albert Titus Constantin and Gabriela Mărginean
Crystals 2022, 12(6), 762; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060762 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1938
Abstract
Tape brazing constitutes a cost-effective alternative surface protection technology for complex-shaped surfaces. The study explores the characteristics of high-temperature brazed coatings using a cobalt-based powder deposited on a stainless-steel substrate in order to protect parts subjected to hot temperatures in a wear-exposed environment. [...] Read more.
Tape brazing constitutes a cost-effective alternative surface protection technology for complex-shaped surfaces. The study explores the characteristics of high-temperature brazed coatings using a cobalt-based powder deposited on a stainless-steel substrate in order to protect parts subjected to hot temperatures in a wear-exposed environment. Microstructural imaging corroborated with x-ray diffraction analysis showed a complex phased structure consisting of intermetallic Cr-Ni, C-Co-W Laves type, and chromium carbide phases. The surface properties of the coatings, targeting hot corrosion behavior, erosion, wear resistance, and microhardness, were evaluated. The high-temperature corrosion test was performed for 100 h at 750 °C in a salt mixture consisting of 25 wt.% NaCl + 75 wt.% Na2SO4. The degree of corrosion attack was closely connected with the exposure temperature, and the degradation of the material corresponding to the mechanisms of low-temperature hot corrosion. The erosion tests were carried out using alumina particles at a 90° impingement angle. The results, correlated with the microhardness measurements, have shown that Co-based coatings exhibited approximately 40% lower material loss compared to that of the steel substrate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Materials and Structures)
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Review

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21 pages, 14201 KiB  
Review
Improving the Usage Properties of Steel Using Cold Spray Deposition: A Review
by Fabian Cezar Lupu, Corneliu Munteanu, Adrian Constantin Sachelarie, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia and Bogdan Istrate
Crystals 2023, 13(2), 245; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13020245 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1753
Abstract
In this paper, the improvement of the characteristics of different steels that are subjected to extreme operating conditions, including the steels used in the manufacture of various military components, the AISI 52100, the manufacture of bearings, and other types of parts that are [...] Read more.
In this paper, the improvement of the characteristics of different steels that are subjected to extreme operating conditions, including the steels used in the manufacture of various military components, the AISI 52100, the manufacture of bearings, and other types of parts that are also subjected to severe operating conditions were analyzed regarding cold spraying, which uses different types of powders to increase the performance of the materials. The cold, thermal spraying technology “Cold Spray” is a method of processing particles in a solid state. Thermal spraying, based on the dynamic increase in gas acceleration up to supersonic speeds, leads to the obtainment of high kinetic energies, and the accelerated particles are deposited at values that are below their melting point. Research conducted through cold spray technology has seen a significant improvement in material properties; when processing the particles in a solid state, they adhere to the surface instead of eroding it. Cold spraying has proven to be an effective technique for improving material properties, as confirmed by its integration into different fields and industries, becoming competitive by being the only method for depositing particles below their melting point. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Materials and Structures)
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18 pages, 4467 KiB  
Review
Current Research Studies of Mg–Ca–Zn Biodegradable Alloys Used as Orthopedic Implants—Review
by Bogdan Istrate, Corneliu Munteanu, Iulian-Vasile Antoniac and Ștefan-Constantin Lupescu
Crystals 2022, 12(10), 1468; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12101468 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 5069
Abstract
Biodegradable alloys and especially magnesium-based alloys are considered by many researchers as materials to be used in medicine due to their biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. Biodegradable magnesium-based materials have applications in the medical field and in particular in obtaining implants for small [...] Read more.
Biodegradable alloys and especially magnesium-based alloys are considered by many researchers as materials to be used in medicine due to their biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. Biodegradable magnesium-based materials have applications in the medical field and in particular in obtaining implants for small bones of the feet and hands, ankles, or small joints. Studies have shown that Mg, Zn, and Ca are found in significant amounts in the human body and contribute effectively and efficiently to the healing process of bone tissue. Due to its biodegradability, magnesium alloys, including Mg–Ca–Zn alloys used in the manufacture of implants, do not require a second surgery, thus minimizing the trauma caused to the patient. Other studies have performed Mg–Ca–Zn system alloys with zinc variation between 0 and 8 wt.% and calcium variation up to 5 wt.%, showing high biocompatibility, adequate mechanical properties, and Mg2Ca and Mg6Ca2Zn compounds in microstructure. Biocompatibility is an essential factor in the use of these materials, so that some investigations have shown a cell viability with values between 95% and 99% compared with the control in the case of Mg–0.2Ca–3Zn alloy. In vivo analyses also showed no adverse reactions, with minimal H2 release. The aim of this review includes aspects regarding microstructure analysis and the degradation mechanisms in a specific environment and highlights the biocompatibility between the rate of bone healing and alloy degradation due to rapid corrosion of the alloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Materials and Structures)
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