Design of Autonomous and Unmanned Systems

A special issue of Designs (ISSN 2411-9660). This special issue belongs to the section "Vehicle Engineering Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 21345

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea
Interests: unmanned systems; music generation services; NUI/NUX research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Computer Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
Interests: environment perception; unmanned ground vehicle; 3D reconstruction; object recognition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The demand for Autonomous and Unmanned Systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned surface vehicles and unmanned ground vehicles is growing continuously. Unmanned systems are operated based on dynamics, autonomous controls, learning systems, simulation systems, etc. analyzing sensory values. The importance of the design of integrated systems is growing gradually but steadily as the complexity of the system also grows. Given that deep learning is applied to diverse kinds of the approaches of unmanned systems, 3D simulation systems are also a hot topic, where deep learning algorithms are operated, validated, and tested. This Special Issue on the “Design of Autonomous and Unmanned Systems” focuses on gathering original research and literature reviews from diverse kinds of research areas related to autonomous unmanned controls, 3D simulation systems, and control learning algorithms. Manuscript submissions in the research areas mentioned in the below keywords are highly encouraged.

Dr. Yunsick Sung
Dr. Wei Song
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Unmanned aerial/surface/ground vehicles
  • 3D vehicle simulation systems
  • Automatic path generation algorithms
  • Autonomous and unmanned multiagent systems
  • Deep-learning-based unmanned controls
  • 3D reconstruction algorithms
  • Environment perception
  • Intelligent transportation systems
  • Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)
  • Object recognition
  • Internet of Vehicles

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 4758 KiB  
Article
A New Off-Board Electrical Vehicle Battery Charger: Topology, Analysis and Design
by Farzad Mohammadzadeh Shahir, Meysam Gheisarnejad, Mahdieh S. Sadabadi and Mohammad-Hassan Khooban
Designs 2021, 5(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs5030051 - 3 Aug 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4601
Abstract
The extensive use of electric vehicles (EVs) can reduce concerns about climate change and fossil fuel shortages. One of the main obstacles to accepting EVs is the limitation of charging stations, which consists of high-charge batteries and high-energy charging infrastructure. A new transformer-less [...] Read more.
The extensive use of electric vehicles (EVs) can reduce concerns about climate change and fossil fuel shortages. One of the main obstacles to accepting EVs is the limitation of charging stations, which consists of high-charge batteries and high-energy charging infrastructure. A new transformer-less topology for boost dc-dc converters with higher power density and lower switch stress is proposed in this paper, which may be a suitable candidate for high-power fast-charging battery chargers of EVs. Throughout this paper, two operating modes of the proposed converter, continuous current mode (CCM) and discontinuous current mode (DCM), are analyzed in detail. Additionally, critical inductances and design considerations for the proposed converter are calculated. Finally, real-time verifications based on hardware-in-loop (HiL) simulation are carried out to assess the correctness of the proposed theoretical concepts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Autonomous and Unmanned Systems)
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23 pages, 87330 KiB  
Article
Study of the Effect of Vertical Airfoil Endplates on Diffusers in Vehicle Aerodynamics
by Laura Porcar, Willem Toet and Pedro Javier Gamez-Montero
Designs 2021, 5(3), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs5030045 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6867
Abstract
Diffusers and the floor ahead of them create the majority of the downforce a vehicle creates. Outside motorsports, the diffuser is relatively unused, although its interaction with the ground is a consistent field of study owing to the aerodynamic benefits. The diffuser flow [...] Read more.
Diffusers and the floor ahead of them create the majority of the downforce a vehicle creates. Outside motorsports, the diffuser is relatively unused, although its interaction with the ground is a consistent field of study owing to the aerodynamic benefits. The diffuser flow behavior is governed by three fluid-mechanical mechanisms: ground interaction, underbody upsweep, and diffuser upsweep. In addition, four different flow regimes appear when varying ride height, the vortices of which have great importance on downforce generation. The present study focuses on the diffuser’s fluid-dynamic characteristics undertaken within an academic framework with the objective of finding and understanding a high level of performance in these elements. Once the functioning of diffusers has been analyzed and understood, a new configuration is proposed: rear vertical airfoil endplates. The aim of the paper is to study the effect in performance of vertical airfoil endplates on diffusers in vehicle aerodynamics in a simplified geometry. The candidate to this geometry is the inversed Ahmed body, a geometry that is used as a model that simulates the flow behavior of car diffusers. Three different diffuser configurations are performed, namely 0° diffuser, 25° diffuser, and in the third case vertically installed rear vertical airfoil endplates are added to the 25° diffuser Ahmed body to change the flow field. These analyses are carried out by using open-source CFD simulation software OpenFOAM. An inlet velocity of 20 m/s is considered, as this is a typical velocity when cornering in motorsport. It is concluded that the 25° diffuser configuration generated more downforce than the 0° diffuser, which makes sense as the aim of adding a diffuser is to increase the amount of downforce produced. In addition, and as a result of the newly proposed configuration, the 25° diffuser Ahmed body with the vertical airfoil endplates emerges in a substantial increase of downforce thanks to the low-pressure zone generated at the back of the body. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Autonomous and Unmanned Systems)
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16 pages, 876 KiB  
Article
Generating Component Designs for an Improved NVH Performance by Using an Artificial Neural Network as an Optimization Metamodel
by Timo von Wysocki, Frank Rieger, Dimitrios Ernst Tsokaktsidis and Frank Gauterin
Designs 2021, 5(2), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs5020036 - 3 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5204
Abstract
In modern vehicle development, suspension components have to meet many boundary conditions. In noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) development these are for example eigenfrequencies and frequency response function (FRF) amplitudes. Component geometry parameters, for example kinematic hard points, often affect multiple of these [...] Read more.
In modern vehicle development, suspension components have to meet many boundary conditions. In noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) development these are for example eigenfrequencies and frequency response function (FRF) amplitudes. Component geometry parameters, for example kinematic hard points, often affect multiple of these targets in a non intuitive way. In this article, we present a practical approach to find optimized parameters for a component design, which fulfills an FRF target curve. By morphing an initial component finite element model we create training data for an artificial neural network (ANN) which predicts FRFs from geometry parameter input. Then the ANN serves as a metamodel for an evolutionary algorithm optimizer which identifies fitting geometry parameter sets, meeting an FRF target curve. The methodology enables a component design which considers an FRF as a component target. In multiple simulation examples we demonstrate the capability of identifying component designs modifying specific eigenfrequency or amplitude features of the FRFs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Autonomous and Unmanned Systems)
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Review

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29 pages, 1915 KiB  
Review
Swarm Robotic Interactions in an Open and Cluttered Environment: A Survey
by Maxime Vaidis and Martin J.-D. Otis
Designs 2021, 5(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs5020037 - 10 Jun 2021
Viewed by 3747
Abstract
Recent population migrations have led to numerous accidents and deaths. Little research has been done to help migrants in their journey. For this reason, a literature review of the latest research conducted in previous years is required to identify new research trends in [...] Read more.
Recent population migrations have led to numerous accidents and deaths. Little research has been done to help migrants in their journey. For this reason, a literature review of the latest research conducted in previous years is required to identify new research trends in human-swarm interaction. This article presents a review of techniques that can be used in a robots swarm to find, locate, protect and help migrants in hazardous environment such as militarized zone. The paper presents a swarm interaction taxonomy including a detailed study on the control of swarm with and without interaction. As the interaction mainly occurs in cluttered or crowded environment (with obstacles) the paper discussed the algorithms related to navigation that can be included with an interaction strategy. It focused on comparing algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of Autonomous and Unmanned Systems)
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