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Designs
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Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental Case Studies, Numerical Modelling, and...
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Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental Case Studies, Numerical Modelling, and Topology Optimization

A special issue of Designs (ISSN 2411-9660). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy System Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 10730

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Danial Karimi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electric Engineering and Energy Technology (ETEC), Mobility, Logistics and Automotive Technology Research Centre (MOBI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
Interests: battery energy storage system; thermal management system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hamidreza Behi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electric Engineering and Energy Technology (ETEC), Mobility, Logistics and Automotive Technology Research Centre (MOBI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
Interests: thermal management; CFD; design engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Majid Vafaeipour

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electric Engineering and Energy Technology (ETEC), Mobility, Logistics and Automotive Technology Research Centre (MOBI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
Interests: automotive control; energy management strategies; hybrid and electric vehicle integrated design; renewable energy systems; optimization techniques; machine-learning and artificial intelligence applications; thermal and structural FEM; reliability analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Reza Behi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
2. Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Interests: nanotechnology; sensors; nanofluidic; energy technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to an upcoming Special Issue entitled: “Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental case studies, numerical modelling, and topology optimization”, which will be published in the journal Designs. This Special Issue is open to researchers and authors who want to submit their research and review articles exploring experimental and numerical analyses on thermal management applications, energy conversion, and cooling applications.

The main aim of this Special Issue is to investigate various thermal management system technologies to control the heat generated in several industrial applications. The focus will be on temperature uniformity, unsteady heat patterns, thermal circuit design, computational fluid dynamics, and topology optimization within hybrid and electric vehicles. This journal covers a wide range of topics including thermal management system design, energy conversion, energy storage, renewable energy, energy conservation, energy management, and sustainability.

Dr. Danial Karimi
Dr. Hamidreza Behi
Dr. Majid Vafaeipour
Dr. Reza Behi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Designs is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thermal management
  • energy storage systems
  • numerical analysis
  • simulation modeling and design
  • computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
  • optimization topology
  • electric vehicles

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 2719 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Control of a Multiple-Heat-Exchanger Thermal Management System for Conventional and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
by Zaker A. Syed and John R. Wagner
Designs 2023, 7(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs7010019 - 1 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2385
Abstract
The powertrain in combustion engine and electric vehicles requires a thermal management system to regulate the operating temperature of the under-hood components. The introduction of computer-controlled cooling system actuators (e.g., variable speed fans, pump, and valves) enables power savings over drive cycles. The [...] Read more.
The powertrain in combustion engine and electric vehicles requires a thermal management system to regulate the operating temperature of the under-hood components. The introduction of computer-controlled cooling system actuators (e.g., variable speed fans, pump, and valves) enables power savings over drive cycles. The radiator is typically sized for maximum heat rejection per environmental and vehicle thermal loading conditions. This paper explores the use of multiple radiators to adapt the cooling system operations to driving demands. A nonlinear multiple-input (i.e., fan array speed, pump, and outlet valve positions) thermal model is presented to predict system behavior. A stateflow controller has been designed and implemented to maintain the component temperature within a desired range (~80 °C). A series of experimental tests have been conducted to compare the proposed architecture’s performance against a single radiator design. A standard driving cycle featuring low (20 kW) and high (40 kW) heat loads was implemented in the laboratory for a vehicle starting from rest. The coolant temperature tracking, fan speeds, and fan power draw were studied over the representative operating cycle. The test results show a much faster warmup time (~10 min) and temperature tracking for the twin radiator experimental test as compared to the single radiator (~13 min). The net fan energy consumption was reduced by 4.6% with the twin radiator as opposed to the single-radiator configuration. Considering that engines usually operate at idle to medium loads, these findings can improve the powertrain’s overall performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental Case Studies, Numerical Modelling, and Topology Optimization)
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22 pages, 1769 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Structural Features of Lignocellulosic Materials and Ethanol Production Yield
by Mohammad Saber Bay, Fatemeh Eslami and Keikhosro Karimi
Designs 2022, 6(6), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6060119 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1736
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are a mixture of natural polymers which can be considered a great alternative source of chemical products and energy. Hence, pinewood, poplar wood, and rice straw, as representatives of different types of lignocelluloses, were subjected to several pretreatment types in order [...] Read more.
Lignocellulosic materials are a mixture of natural polymers which can be considered a great alternative source of chemical products and energy. Hence, pinewood, poplar wood, and rice straw, as representatives of different types of lignocelluloses, were subjected to several pretreatment types in order to increase ethanol production yield. All pretreatments increased enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol yield, specifically pretreatment with phosphoric acid. This pretreatment increased ethanol yields by 304.6% and 273.61% for poplar wood and pinewood, respectively, compared to untreated substrates. In addition, a number of analyses, including a BET test, buffering capacity, crystallinity, accessible surface area, and composition measurement, were conducted on the pretreated substrates to investigate their structural modifications in detail. Accessible surface area, as one of the most important parameters for performance of enzymes and microorganisms in the fermentation process, was examined by the water retention value test. The results of this method (using centrifuge) showed that the maximum accessible surface area was related to the pretreated samples with phosphoric acid so that it increased WRV to 132.19%, 149.41%, and 68.44% for poplar wood, pinewood, and rice straw, respectively, as compared to untreated substrates. On the whole, pretreatments restructured and opened up the tangled structure of lignocelluloses, resulting in a considerable increase in ethanol yields. Moreover, in this study, for the first time, a new correlation was presented for each substrate which indicates the relationship between ethanol yield and structural features of the lignocellulosic substrate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental Case Studies, Numerical Modelling, and Topology Optimization)
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13 pages, 11626 KiB  
Article
An Enhanced Phase Change Material Composite for Electrical Vehicle Thermal Management
by Hamidreza Behi, Danial Karimi, Mohammadreza Behi, Niloufar Nargesi, Morteza Aminian, Ali Ghanbarpour, Farid Mirmohseni, Joeri Van Mierlo and Maitane Berecibar
Designs 2022, 6(5), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6050070 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2650
Abstract
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells are influenced by high energy, reliability, and robustness. However, they produce a noticeable amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. This paper presents an optimal thermal management system (TMS) using a phase change material (PCM) and PCM-graphite [...] Read more.
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells are influenced by high energy, reliability, and robustness. However, they produce a noticeable amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. This paper presents an optimal thermal management system (TMS) using a phase change material (PCM) and PCM-graphite for a cylindrical Li-ion battery module. The experimental results show that the maximum temperature of the module under natural convection, PCM, and PCM-graphite cooling methods reached 64.38, 40.4, and 39 °C, respectively. It was found that the temperature of the module using PCM and PCM-graphite reduced by 38% and 40%, respectively. The temperature uniformity increased by 60% and 96% using the PCM and PCM-graphite. Moreover, some numerical simulations were solved using COMSOL Multiphysics® for the battery module. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental Case Studies, Numerical Modelling, and Topology Optimization)
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10 pages, 1110 KiB  
Article
A Simplified Approach for the Determination of Penetrant Residual Velocity for Penetration Processes
by Abdulaziz S. Alhulaifi
Designs 2022, 6(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6010019 - 18 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2466
Abstract
The study’s main aim was to predict the penetrant residual velocity, with it being a vital output parameter in the projectile target interaction. The ballistics have been probed on a wide spectrum of impact velocities for different applications. Determination of the residual velocity [...] Read more.
The study’s main aim was to predict the penetrant residual velocity, with it being a vital output parameter in the projectile target interaction. The ballistics have been probed on a wide spectrum of impact velocities for different applications. Determination of the residual velocity by analytical methods entails the use of the impulse momentum principle, and the process is further challenged by the necessary inclusion of various variables that directly affect the calculation of the residual velocity. These problems can be overcome by adopting a non-dimensional approach by determining the combination of variables required for the penetration process by carrying out and validating the non-dimensionalization of the pertinent variables. The process discussed in this study provides a reasonable correlation of the non-dimensional parameters, which was used to estimate and validate penetrant residual velocity. A generalized solution predicting the penetrator residual velocity for a wide range of materials for a variety of impact velocities is proposed. The result of this correlation was validated against the published data, and the method was largely in agreement, showing the robustness of the proposed finding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thermal Management Technologies: Experimental Case Studies, Numerical Modelling, and Topology Optimization)
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