Orthopedics and the Musculoskeletal System: Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Mechanisms

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2462

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Specialists Center, National Insurance Institute, Haifa, Israel
Interests: osteoblast physiology; bone biology; bone regeneration; shoulder surgery; the outcome of orthopedic procedures; human biomechanics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Orthopedics and the musculoskeletal system are critical aspects of human health and mobility. Over the years, significant strides have been made in understanding the complexities of musculoskeletal disorders, injuries and their treatments. This Special Issue aims to showcase the latest advancements spanning the spectrum of diagnosis, prognosis and mechanisms of orthopedics and the musculoskeletal system.

This Special Issue provides an excellent opportunity for researchers and clinicians to share their latest findings and innovations in orthopedics and the musculoskeletal system.  We aim to advance the field and ultimately improve patient outcomes by bridging the gap between basic research and clinical applications.

Scope of the Special Issue:

We invite researchers, clinicians and scientists to contribute original research articles, reviews and perspectives focusing on, but not limited to, the following topics:

Muscle Biology and Rehabilitation: This section provides insights into muscle physiology, injury and repair mechanisms.

Orthopedic Biomechanics: Advancements in understanding joint mechanics, biomechanical modeling and computational simulations for orthopedic applications.

Orthopedic Imaging and Diagnostics: Cutting-edge imaging techniques, such as MRI, CT, ultrasound, electrophysiological studies and nuclear medicine, to diagnose and monitor musculoskeletal conditions.

Orthopedic Trauma and Fracture Healing: Advances in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying fracture healing and strategies to enhance bone regeneration.

Dr. Nahum Rosenberg
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • muscle biology
  • muscle rehabilitation
  • orthopedic imaging
  • orthopedic diagnosis
  • orthopedic trauma
  • fracture healing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1285 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings and Potential Anatomic Risk Factors for Anterolateral Ankle Impingement in Children and Adolescents Suffering from Non-Overload Atraumatic Ankle Pain
by Wolf Bäumler, Josina Straub, Johannes Weber, Patrick Ostheim, Julia Lenz, Volker Alt, Christian Stroszczynski, Jan Reinhard and Daniel Popp
Diagnostics 2024, 14(20), 2265; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14202265 - 11 Oct 2024
Viewed by 678
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To assess magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings in children and adolescents with atraumatic non-overload ankle pain and to identify potential anatomic risk factors. Methods: In total, 310 MRIs of 6- to 20-year-old patients were evaluated regarding detectable ankle pathologies. A total of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: To assess magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings in children and adolescents with atraumatic non-overload ankle pain and to identify potential anatomic risk factors. Methods: In total, 310 MRIs of 6- to 20-year-old patients were evaluated regarding detectable ankle pathologies. A total of 147 patients (68 males; 79 females) suffered from atraumatic non-overload ankle pain. The findings were compared to a control group (163 patients: 89 males; 74 females), including patients with ankle trauma in the 4 weeks prior to MRI examination. A t-test for unpaired samples and a binary logistic regression model were used to identify significant differences between both groups and determine potential anatomic risk factors. Results: In the group with atraumatic ankle pain, 95 patients (64.6%) showed at least one pathology. Anterolateral impingement of the upper ankle joint was found in 29 patients (19.7%). Its occurrence was significantly higher in atraumatic non-overload patients than in the control group (p = 0.043). Moreover, a significant correlation between anterolateral impingement of the upper ankle and the presence of hindfoot valgus malposition (n = 25; 17.0%) could be proven in atraumatic non-overload patients (p = 0.035). Conclusions: Anterolateral impingement of the upper ankle joint is frequently observed in children and adolescents suffering from atraumatic non-overload ankle pain, whereby a hindfoot valgus malposition seems to present an anatomic risk factor. Full article
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8 pages, 505 KiB  
Article
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Elite Female Tug-of-War Athletes: Prevalence and Risk Factor Analysis
by Chiang-Hui Huang, Kuo-Cheng Liu, Ju-Wen Cheng, Shao-Chih Hsu and Chih-Kuang Chen
Diagnostics 2024, 14(19), 2120; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14192120 - 25 Sep 2024
Viewed by 602
Abstract
Background: Tug-of-War (TOW) games involve repetitive hand movements and vigorous force, raising the risk of peripheral neuropathy in the upper extremities. The prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in TOW athletes remains unclear. We hypothesize that elite female TOW athletes have a higher [...] Read more.
Background: Tug-of-War (TOW) games involve repetitive hand movements and vigorous force, raising the risk of peripheral neuropathy in the upper extremities. The prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in TOW athletes remains unclear. We hypothesize that elite female TOW athletes have a higher prevalence of CTS than the general population. Methods: Twenty-nine female TOW athletes were recruited from a national team and participated in the study. CTS was clinically diagnosed by history taking and physical examination. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) were additionally performed to confirm CTS. Results: Twelve athletes were clinically diagnosed with CTS; however, only nine were confirmed by NCS. Ten athletes were diagnosed with subclinical CTS by NCS, while seven were classified as truly-non-CTS by both clinical assessment and NCS. The prevalence of CTS and subclinical CTS among the athletes was found to be 33.3% and 37.0%, respectively, significantly higher than 2.7% in the general population by electrodiagnosis. The body weight (p = 0.025) of the athletes with CTS and subclinical CTS was significantly different from those of the athletes without CTS. Conclusions: Our observations revealed a higher prevalence of CTS among elite female TOW athletes, with body weight being a risk factor. The forceful grasping and pulling of the rope may contribute to the development of CTS. Full article
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12 pages, 2644 KiB  
Article
Stair-Climbing Training with Interferential Electrotherapy Improves Knee Muscle Strength, Dynamic Postural Stability, Pain Score, and Physical Activity in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
by Jin Hyuck Lee, Gyu Bin Lee, Woo Yong Chung, Ji Won Wang and Ki-Mo Jang
Diagnostics 2024, 14(18), 2060; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14182060 - 17 Sep 2024
Viewed by 858
Abstract
Background/Objective: This study aimed to compare the functional outcomes, such as knee muscle strength, dynamic postural stability, pain scores, and physical activity, in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) on stair climbing training with and without interferential electrotherapy (IFE) for 12 weeks. Methods: A [...] Read more.
Background/Objective: This study aimed to compare the functional outcomes, such as knee muscle strength, dynamic postural stability, pain scores, and physical activity, in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) on stair climbing training with and without interferential electrotherapy (IFE) for 12 weeks. Methods: A total of 40 knee OA patients with Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade ≤ 2 were enrolled (20 stair-climbing training with IFE vs. 20 stair-climbing training without IFE). The knee quadriceps and hamstring muscle strengths were measured using an isokinetic device. The dynamic postural stability was assessed using postural stabilometry. The pain score was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS). Physical activity was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results: The WOMAC score was significantly different (p < 0.019) between stair-climbing training with and without IFE in patients with knee OA, while knee muscle strength, dynamic postural stability, or pain score were not (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: Stair-climbing training with IFE was more beneficial for physical activity recovery than stair-climbing training without IFE. Therefore, clinicians and therapists should be aware that stair climbing, which can be practiced in daily life for the management of patients with knee OA, and the addition of IFE may improve physical activity. Full article
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