Recent Studies of Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 3175

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratory Medicine, ASST Rhodense, Rho, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular genetics; inherited diseases; space biology
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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
Interests: phytochemicals; plant-based diet; dietary supplementation; pharma-nutrition; aging; nutrition; aging-related diseases
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Guest Editor
Cardio-Imaging Department, Poliambulatorio Città di Collecchio, Collecchio, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular genetics; ischemic heart diseases; familial hypercholesterolemia

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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular genetics; inherited diseases; space biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nowadays, it is understood that the primary aetiology of a diverse range of cardiomyopathies is genetic, creating thus a new paradigm for targeting treatments on the basis of the underlying molecular cause. In light of this development, numerous disease-causing genes have been linked to the pathogenesis of such diseases over the past four decades, although many causal genes are yet to be identified. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms and chemistries have revolutionised clinical testing capacity in familial cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, by means of whole-exome sequencing, putative new disease-causing genes have been identified to date, some of which have had a considerable clinical impact and are now included in routine diagnostic gene panels. Variant interpretation is still the Achilles’ heel but artificial intelligence (AI) and large-scale NGS population control cohorts are set for this purpose. In addition to this, as from other common genetic disorders, we are witnessing the emerging role of common variations in some forms of genetic cardiomyopathy in which an additive effect of numerous polymorphic loci on cardiac parameters has been highlighted with ad hoc Polygenic Risk Scores (PGR); this may explain phenotypic variability and low rates of genetic diagnosis from several sequencing studies. Finally, alongside benefits such as lower costs and ease of use, NGS panel testing can be easily adopted in common clinical pathology laboratories and not locked in the ivory towers of molecular genetics centers, leading to timely patient management.

Dr. Nicola Marziliano
Dr. Alessandro Medoro
Dr. Claudio Reverberi
Prof. Dr. Mariano Intrieri
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cardiomyopathies
  • molecular genetics
  • next-generation sequencing
  • polygenic risk score

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1129 KiB  
Article
Whole-Exome Sequencing Revealed New Candidate Genes for Human Dilated Cardiomyopathy
by Ylenia D’Agostino, Domenico Palumbo, Maria Rosaria Rusciano, Oriana Strianese, Sonia Amabile, Domenico Di Rosa, Elena De Angelis, Valeria Visco, Fabio Russo, Elena Alexandrova, Annamaria Salvati, Giorgio Giurato, Giovanni Nassa, Roberta Tarallo, Gennaro Galasso, Michele Ciccarelli, Alessandro Weisz and Francesca Rizzo
Diagnostics 2022, 12(10), 2411; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102411 - 5 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2653
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complex disease affecting young adults. It is a pathological condition impairing myocardium activity that leads to heart failure and, in the most severe cases, transplantation, which is currently the only possible therapy for the disease. DCM can be [...] Read more.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complex disease affecting young adults. It is a pathological condition impairing myocardium activity that leads to heart failure and, in the most severe cases, transplantation, which is currently the only possible therapy for the disease. DCM can be attributed to many genetic determinants interacting with environmental factors, resulting in a highly variable phenotype. Due to this complexity, the early identification of causative gene mutations is an important goal to provide a genetic diagnosis, implement pre-symptomatic interventions, and predict prognosis. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has opened a new path for mutation screening, and exome sequencing provides a promising approach for identifying causal variants in known genes and novel disease-associated candidates. We analyzed the whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 15 patients affected by DCM without overloading (hypertension, valvular, or congenital heart disease) or chronic ischemic conditions. We identified 70 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and 1240 variants of uncertain clinical significance. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was performed to assess the potential connections between affected genes and biological or molecular function, identifying genes directly related to extracellular matrix organization, transcellular movement through the solute carrier and ATP-binding cassette transporter, and vitamin B12 metabolism. We found variants in genes implicated to a different extent in cardiac function that may represent new players in the complex genetic scenario of DCM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Studies of Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis)
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