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Diagnostics
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Sepsis at the Crossroads: Innovations in Critical Care Management, Diagnostic...
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Sepsis at the Crossroads: Innovations in Critical Care Management, Diagnostic Tools, and Treatment Paradigms

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2800

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Paolo Formenti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departement of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, ASST Nord Milano, Ospedale E Bassini, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
Interests: respiratory care; respiratory physiology; ultrasound; lung imaging; pain medicine; anesthesiology; sepsi and new biomarkers; nutritional support in ICU; humanization of intensive care
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Diagnostics serves as a guiding light for healthcare professionals and researchers, offering insights into the latest advancements shaping sepsis management. With a focus on critical care, precise diagnostics, and innovative treatments, this Special Issue brings together cutting-edge research, insightful reviews, and forward-thinking perspectives to tackle the complexities of sepsis. As sepsis remains a significant challenge in healthcare, this Special Issue endeavors the comprehensive exploration of recent breakthroughs, aiming to improve patient care and outcomes. Join us on this transformative journey as we navigate the evolving landscape of sepsis management together.

Dr. Paolo Formenti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sepsis and clinical recognition
  • septic shock
  • SOFA and organ dysfunction
  • acute kidney injury
  • renal replacement therapy
  • new biomarkers
  • new therapeutic options

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1383 KiB  
Article
Analytical Evaluation of Point-of-Care Finecare™ Procalcitonin Rapid Quantitative Test in Sepsis Population as Compared with Elecsys® BRAHMS Procalcitonin Immunoassay
by Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan, Wan Norlina Wan Azman, Najib Majdi Yaacob, Tan Say Koon and Nurul Khaiza Yahya
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1080; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111080 - 22 May 2024
Viewed by 1086
Abstract
The study compared two plasma procalcitonin (PCT) assays, the point of care (POC) Finecare™ Procalcitonin Rapid Quantitative Test and the Elecsys® BRAHMS PCT immunoassay, in sepsis ICU patients. Forty-one plasma samples were analyzed, showing a strong correlation (r = 0.98) and no [...] Read more.
The study compared two plasma procalcitonin (PCT) assays, the point of care (POC) Finecare™ Procalcitonin Rapid Quantitative Test and the Elecsys® BRAHMS PCT immunoassay, in sepsis ICU patients. Forty-one plasma samples were analyzed, showing a strong correlation (r = 0.98) and no significant difference in PCT values. The mean POC PCT value was 4.46 ng/mL (SD 8.68), and for laboratory BRAHMS PCT, it was 4.67 ng/mL (SD 10.03). The study found a strong linear relationship between plasma POC PCT and laboratory BRAHMS PCT (r = 0.98). Different regression methods showed varying intercepts and slopes: Ordinary Least Squares had an intercept of 0.49 and a slope of 0.85; Deming regression showed an intercept of 0.43 and a slope of 0.86; Passing–Bablok regression showed an intercept of 0.02 and a slope of 1.08. Precision results for cut-offs of 0.5 ng/mL were a coefficient of variation (CV) of 5%, and for 2.5 ng/mL, the CV was 2.5%. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) for linearity was ≥0.99. The study revealed no significant difference between the POC Finecare™ PCT and Elecsys® BRAHMS PCT immunoassay in sepsis samples from ICU patients, supported by strong correlation, minimal bias, a consistent CV, and linearity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sepsis at the Crossroads: Innovations in Critical Care Management, Diagnostic Tools, and Treatment Paradigms)
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Review

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15 pages, 2289 KiB  
Review
Presepsin in Critical Illness: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
by Paolo Formenti, Miriam Gotti, Francesca Palmieri, Stefano Pastori, Vincenzo Roccaforte, Alessandro Menozzi, Andrea Galimberti, Michele Umbrello, Giovanni Sabbatini and Angelo Pezzi
Diagnostics 2024, 14(12), 1311; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14121311 - 20 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1333
Abstract
The accurate identification of infections is critical for effective treatment in intensive care units (ICUs), yet current diagnostic methods face limitations in sensitivity and specificity, alongside cost and accessibility issues. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a marker that is economically feasible, [...] Read more.
The accurate identification of infections is critical for effective treatment in intensive care units (ICUs), yet current diagnostic methods face limitations in sensitivity and specificity, alongside cost and accessibility issues. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a marker that is economically feasible, rapid, and reliable. Presepsin (PSP), also known as soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14-ST), has emerged as a promising biomarker for early sepsis diagnosis. PSP, derived from soluble CD14, reflects the activation of monocytes/macrophages in response to bacterial infections. It has shown potential as a marker of cellular immune response activation against pathogens, with plasma concentrations increasing during bacterial infections and decreasing post-antibiotic treatment. Unlike traditional markers such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP), PSP specifically indicates monocyte/macrophage activation. Limited studies in critical illness have explored PSP’s role in sepsis, and its diagnostic accuracy varies with threshold values, impacting sensitivity and specificity. Recent meta-analyses suggest PSP’s diagnostic potential for sepsis, yet its standalone effectiveness in ICU infection management remains uncertain. This review provides a comprehensive overview of PSP’s utility in ICU settings, including its diagnostic accuracy, prognostic value, therapeutic implications, challenges, and future directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sepsis at the Crossroads: Innovations in Critical Care Management, Diagnostic Tools, and Treatment Paradigms)
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