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Diagnostics
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Recent Advances in Clinical Laboratory Immunology
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Recent Advances in Clinical Laboratory Immunology

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Laboratory Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 2475

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jun Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Interests: biomarker and its clinical application; development of new automation technique for clinical diagnosis; personal diagnosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our Special Issue is dedicated to highlighting the latest progress in the field of clinical laboratory immunology by providing a platform for researchers and clinicians to present their findings, share ideas and explore new avenues of research in this rapidly evolving field. The topics covered include, but are not limited to, the role of immunology in disease pathogenesis, advances in immunodiagnostics, immune-based therapies, immune monitoring and emerging technologies in immunology research. By showcasing the latest research and insights, this issue aims to foster collaboration and innovation, and improve patient outcomes in clinical laboratory immunology.

Prof. Dr. Jun Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • clinical laboratory immunology
  • diagnostic immunology
  • therapeutic immunology
  • autoimmune diseases
  • infectious diseases
  • allergic diseases
  • immunoassay techniques

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2064 KiB  
Article
Microarray-Based Avidity Assay for Assessment of Thyroid Autoantibodies
by Elena Savvateeva, Vera Sokolova, Marina Yukina, Nurana Nuralieva, Elena Kulagina, Maxim Donnikov, Lyudmila Kovalenko, Maria Kazakova, Ekaterina Troshina and Dmitry Gryadunov
Diagnostics 2025, 15(3), 341; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15030341 - 31 Jan 2025
Viewed by 277
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the avidity of thyroid autoantibodies (Abs) in sera of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and thyroid autoantibody carriers without diagnosed AITD. Methods: A hydrogel microarray-based multiplex assay with the chaotrope destruction stage was [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the avidity of thyroid autoantibodies (Abs) in sera of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and thyroid autoantibody carriers without diagnosed AITD. Methods: A hydrogel microarray-based multiplex assay with the chaotrope destruction stage was developed to measure the avidity of thyroid disease-associated autoantibodies, including those targeting thyroperoxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (Tg), and other minor antigens. Results: Evaluation of the assay in three independent cohorts of patients, totaling 266 individuals with and without AITD, demonstrated the heterogeneous avidity of autoantibodies to thyroid proteins. For the confirmation study, the median avidity index (AI) for AbTg was 29.9% in healthy autoantibody carriers, 52.6% for AITD patients, and 92.7% for type 1 diabetes (T1D) thyroid autoantibody carriers. The median AI for AbTPO was 39.9% in healthy carriers, 73.4% in AITD patients, 83.2% in T1D thyroid autoantibody carriers, and 98.5% in AITD patients with thyroid neoplasm. In patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and known disease duration, changes in the avidity maturation of AbTPO over time were demonstrated. Conclusions: Longitudinal studies of TPO- and/or Tg-positive healthy individuals (with an interval of 1–2 years between visits) are needed to evaluate the maturation of autoantibody avidity during the asymptomatic phase and to assess the potential of autoantibody avidity as a prognostic marker for disease development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Clinical Laboratory Immunology)

Review

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10 pages, 2201 KiB  
Review
Improving the Diagnosis of Autoimmune Gastritis: From Parietal Cell Antibodies to H+/K+ ATPase Antibodies
by Michela Tonegato, Maria Piera Panozzo, Antonio Antico and Nicola Bizzaro
Diagnostics 2024, 14(16), 1721; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161721 - 8 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1611
Abstract
Parietal cell autoantibodies (PCAs), which recognize the enzyme H+/K+-ATPase as a target, are considered to be a diagnostic marker of autoimmune gastritis and pernicious anemia; these conditions are characterized by the presence of corpus atrophic gastritis. Circulating PCAs can be detected using several [...] Read more.
Parietal cell autoantibodies (PCAs), which recognize the enzyme H+/K+-ATPase as a target, are considered to be a diagnostic marker of autoimmune gastritis and pernicious anemia; these conditions are characterized by the presence of corpus atrophic gastritis. Circulating PCAs can be detected using several analytical methods that are commonly available in the clinical laboratory. Traditionally, indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on rodent or primate stomach tissue is used as a screening test for the detection of PCAs. However, IIF suffers from a high inter-observer variability and lacks standardization. In addition, like immunoblotting, results are expressed only in a qualitative or semi-quantitative manner. Based on the few available studies that are reviewed herein, quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and fluorescence enzyme immunoassays (FEIAs) using purified H+/K+-ATPase perform better than IIF in the detection of PCAs, displaying higher sensitivity and utility in monitoring the disease. In light of their higher diagnostic accuracy, these solid-phase methods should be preferred to IIF in the screening of autoimmune atrophic gastritis. The use of methods to detect antibodies versus a specific subunit of H+/K+-ATPase (α or β) is currently confined to the world of research. Further investigation is required to define the clinical utility of H+/K+-ATPase subunit detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Clinical Laboratory Immunology)
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