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Diversity
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Diversity of Phytoplankton and Their Associated Microbiomes in the Changing...
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Diversity of Phytoplankton and Their Associated Microbiomes in the Changing Marine Environment

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Diversity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 August 2024) | Viewed by 5688

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhangxi Hu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Interests: harmful algal blooms; diversity of dinoflagellates and their cysts; taxonomy of dinoflagellate
Dr. Yunyan Deng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Interests: harmful algal blooms; molecular ecology of dinoflagellates; microbiomes of dinoflagellates

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, climate change (CO2 elevation and temperature increase) has experienced an unprecedented rise, which has severely impacted the diversity and distribution of marine phytoplankton. The change in the species composition of these algae in some regions have resulted in the dominance of some small-sized species, such as harmful algal blooms (HABs), which appear to have increased in frequency, intensity and duration in coastal and estuarine waters worldwide. This has led to detrimental health effects and increased the mortality of wildlife and humans, whilst also exacerbating adverse ecological disasters and causing significant economic losses. Many bacteria and fungi could be involved in the processes of HAB formation and decline. The use metabarcoding to an extent has aided us in learning about the species diversity of phytoplankton and their microbiomes; however, their reaction to the changing environment is yet not fully understood. Therefore, in this Special Issue, we request submissions of papers dealing with the diversity of phytoplankton species, HABs, and the role of microbiomes in the processes of HABs.

Dr. Zhangxi Hu
Dr. Yunyan Deng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • marine phytoplankton
  • harmful algal blooms
  • microbiomes
  • climate change

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 8062 KiB  
Article
Land Use Impact on Water Quality and Phytoplankton Community Structure in Danjiangkou Reservoir
by Yanrong Zhu, Jing Gao, Hongbing Zhao, Shijiang Deng, Mengran Lin, Nenghan Wang, Minxuan Liu, Sheng Hu and Laibo Luo
Diversity 2024, 16(5), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/d16050275 - 6 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1582
Abstract
The composition and intensity of land use significantly influence the aquatic ecological environment, further affecting the physicochemical attributes of the water body, and indirectly modulating the phytoplankton community structure. This study centers around the Danjiangkou Reservoir, investigating the correlation between land use, water [...] Read more.
The composition and intensity of land use significantly influence the aquatic ecological environment, further affecting the physicochemical attributes of the water body, and indirectly modulating the phytoplankton community structure. This study centers around the Danjiangkou Reservoir, investigating the correlation between land use, water environment, and phytoplankton alongside varying intensities of anthropogenic activities, based on the review of land use, phytoplankton, and water quality data of 2021. Firstly, an analysis was conducted over five circular buffer zones generated around sampling points with radii set at 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, 2000 m, and 2500 m, wherein the intensity of human activity was categorized into low, medium, and high, in accordance with the human activity intensity level score (HAILS). This study proceeded to explore the correlation between land use and the water environment across different scales, compared phytoplankton density and community structure differences across varied levels of human activity, and analyzed the association between phytoplankton communities in the Danjiangkou Reservoir and environmental variables under various intensities. The findings showed: The land use within the 500 m circular buffer zone has the greatest impact on the water quality of the Danjiangkou Reservoir, especially with the increase in human activities leading to elevated nutrient levels in the water, thereby promoting the growth and reproduction of algae, and increasing the risk of algal blooms. This research scrutinizes the relationship between land use, water environment, and plankton under varying human activity intensities, serving as a foundation for environmental management sectors to make informed decisions and promote the sustainable development of the catchment water environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity of Phytoplankton and Their Associated Microbiomes in the Changing Marine Environment)
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13 pages, 3495 KiB  
Article
Interactions between Noctiluca scintillans and Three Co-Occurring Microalgae in Response to Varying Nutrient Levels
by Junyue Wang, Ning Mao, Mingyang Xu, Yifan Chen, Yinghao Wang, Yuefeng Cai, Nanjing Ji and Xin Shen
Diversity 2024, 16(4), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/d16040215 - 30 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1674
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is a globally distributed bloom-forming species. Previous studies have shown that the primary reason for the frequent occurrence of N. scintillans blooms may be the proliferation of microalgae due to eutrophication, which provides a sufficient source of food. Meanwhile, [...] Read more.
The dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans is a globally distributed bloom-forming species. Previous studies have shown that the primary reason for the frequent occurrence of N. scintillans blooms may be the proliferation of microalgae due to eutrophication, which provides a sufficient source of food. Meanwhile, N. scintillans may release nutrients into the environment, thus affecting the population dynamics of microalgae. Thus, to investigate the interaction between N. scintillans and co-occurring microalgae, this study examined the population dynamics of N. scintillans and their interaction with three representative microalgae species in response to varying nutrient levels. The findings indicate that the growth of N. scintillans is slow when co-cultured with diatom Skeletonema costatum. Moreover, a high density and rapid growth rate of S. costatum may have an inhibitory effect on the growth of N. scintillans. Conversely, the population abundance of N. scintillans increased with the rise in the population density and nutritional level of Heterocapsa steinii (dinoflagellate) and Heterosigma akashiwo (raphidophyceae). Notably, N. scintillans can discharge specific nutrients into the aquatic environment, which can subsequently be assimilated and exploited by H. steinii. Thus, the interaction between the species and population dynamics of plankton, as well as changes in nutrient levels within the ecosystem, played a significant role in influencing the growth and population dynamics of N. scintillans. The mutualistic association between N. scintillans and microalgae may establish a transient closed loop, thereby fostering the sustained proliferation and subsequent expansion of N. scintillans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity of Phytoplankton and Their Associated Microbiomes in the Changing Marine Environment)
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12 pages, 3871 KiB  
Article
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Unarmored Dinoflagellate Gymnodinium trapeziforme (Dinophyceae) from Jiaozhou Bay, China
by Menghan Gao, Zhangxi Hu, Zhaohe Luo, Yunyan Deng, Lixia Shang, Yuanyuan Sun and Yingzhong Tang
Diversity 2023, 15(12), 1186; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15121186 - 29 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1939
Abstract
The genus Gymnodinium contains more than 230 extant species, approximately 30% of which have not been reported since their original description. Approximately eight Gymnodinium species have been reported or described in the coastal waters of China. This work reports the presence of Gymnodinium [...] Read more.
The genus Gymnodinium contains more than 230 extant species, approximately 30% of which have not been reported since their original description. Approximately eight Gymnodinium species have been reported or described in the coastal waters of China. This work reports the presence of Gymnodinium trapeziforme from Jiaozhou Bay, China, in 2020, and its morphological and phylogenetic characterization by using light and scanning electron microscopy and systematic analysis based on partial LSU rDNA sequences. We observed the typical diagnostic features of G. trapeziforme, including a small size, biconical to ovoid shape, and a sulcal extension intruded to the epicone and connected to the horseshoe-shaped apical structure complex (ASC). Additionally, we firstly observed that the ASC consisted of three parallel series of vesicles, with the central one possessing knobs, and having more than 10 amphiesmal vesicles within the ASC. The nucleus was cucurbit-shaped, and the amphiesmal vesicles covering the cell surface, which would be peeled off for the cells in stress. While our molecular phylogeny inferred with the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) confirmed the conspecificity of our isolate with the holotype G. trapeziforme (accession No. EF192414), we found a difference of 14 bases in the D1–D6 domains of the LSU rDNA sequences between the two entities, which indicates a detectable speciation of the two populations. Our work provides a detailed morphological and molecular characterization of G. trapeziforme that was isolated from the coastal water of China, which also broadens the geographical distribution of this species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity of Phytoplankton and Their Associated Microbiomes in the Changing Marine Environment)
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