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Diversity
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Viral Diversity in Marine and Freshwater
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Viral Diversity in Marine and Freshwater

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Diversity and Culture Collections".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 5665

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tatyana Butina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
Interests: viruses; bacteriophages; aquatic virology; freshwater ecosystems; genetic diversity; metagenomics; molecular ecology; environmental microbiology
Dr. Yurij S. Bukin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,664033 Irkutsk, Russia
2. Faculty of Biology and Soil Studies, Irkutsk State University, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
Interests: evolutionary biology; population genetics; ecological genetics; metagenomics; freshwater ecosystems; viruses; molecular virology; aquatic virology; bioinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Viruses are one of the most numerous and varied components of aquatic ecosystems; they significantly affect the functioning of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Due to the rapid development of new methods and technologies, aquatic virology has risen to a qualitatively new level. The greatest progress in the study of viral diversity in aquatic ecosystems is associated with the emergence of metagenomics and next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. Over the past 30 years, we have gained a new insight into the role of viruses in natural ecosystems and the enormous diversity of viruses in the aquatic environment, a significant part of which has yet to be elucidated.

The Special Issue covers a wide range of studies of viral diversity in natural and artificial, marine and freshwater, unique and extreme aquatic ecosystems, including studies of the morphological and genetic diversity of viruses carried out using classical and modern methods and approaches in samples of different origin (water column, bottom sediments, cores, etc.). Despite the growing numbers of studies concerning viruses in the sea and fresh waters, there is little knowledge about viruses of plants, invertebrates and vertebrates inhabiting aquatic environments; therefore, the study of viruses in different types and species of aquatic organisms may also be part of this Special Issue. The cultivation and characterization of new viruses from aquatic environments and organisms are encouraged; this is very important for expanding the range of described viruses and enriching the genomic reference databases.

Currently, the issues of the presence and circulation of viruses pathogenic for humans in the aquatic environment, as well as the emergence of new viral diseases, are also relevant. Therefore, the studies aimed at identifying the diversity and evolutionary relationships of known human viruses and closely related viruses in marine and freshwaters, and their inhabitants, are also included in the Special Issue. These can be studies of viruses of humans, terrestrial animals or plants, which are capable of long-term survival, circulation and spread through aquatic ecosystems.

We invite researchers to expand the understanding of the relationship and influence of taxonomic, genetic and functional diversity of viral communities on the ecology, dynamics and evolutionary processes occurring in the surrounding aquatic environment.

Dr. Tatyana Butina
Dr. Yurij S. Bukin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diversity is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • viruses
  • bacteriophages
  • viral diversity
  • aquatic virology
  • metagenomics
  • genomics
  • viromes
  • viral taxonomy
  • virus discovery
  • virus evolution
  • molecular virology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6487 KiB  
Article
The RNA Viruses in Samples of Endemic Lake Baikal Sponges
by Tatyana V. Butina, Igor V. Khanaev, Ivan S. Petrushin, Artem N. Bondaryuk, Olga O. Maikova and Yurij S. Bukin
Diversity 2023, 15(7), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070835 - 4 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1338
Abstract
Sponges are unusual representatives of the animal kingdom; their viromes, as part of the associated community, began to be studied quite recently, and, accordingly, these studies are gaining momentum. The diversity of viruses in sponges is high, and they most likely play a [...] Read more.
Sponges are unusual representatives of the animal kingdom; their viromes, as part of the associated community, began to be studied quite recently, and, accordingly, these studies are gaining momentum. The diversity of viruses in sponges is high, and they most likely play a significant role in the composition of the sponge holobiont, especially under stress conditions. The objects of our metagenomic study were RNA viruses of two common endemic species of Baikal sponges, Lubomirskia baikalensis and Baikalospongia bacillifera. As a result of viral RNA sequencing, we were able to identify fragments of viral genomes related to those from the RefSeq NCBI complete viral genome database. Most of the similar genomes belonged to viruses isolated from various invertebrates; some of the scaffolds were related to known plant viruses, and one of them was related to a vertebrate virus. The similarity of the putative proteins of viral scaffolds from the Baikal sponges with proteins of known viruses turned out to be low (20.7–67.3%), indicating the detection of novel viruses. The samples of diseased and visually healthy sponges were clustered separately, suggesting a shift in sponge virome composition during the course of the disease. In a comparative analysis, the viromes of the Baikal and marine sponges differed significantly, demonstrating the influence of the host species, habitat, and geographical location on virome composition in the sponge holobiont. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diversity in Marine and Freshwater)
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27 pages, 3032 KiB  
Article
Viromes of Coastal Waters of the North Caspian Sea: Initial Assessment of Diversity and Functional Potential
by Madina S. Alexyuk, Yurij S. Bukin, Tatyana V. Butina, Pavel G. Alexyuk, Vladimir E. Berezin and Andrey P. Bogoyavlenskiy
Diversity 2023, 15(7), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070813 - 27 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
In recent years, the study of marine viromes has become one of the most relevant areas of geoecology. Viruses are the most numerous, genetically diverse and pervasive biological entities on Earth, including in aquatic ecosystems. Information about viral diversity in aquatic ecosystems remains [...] Read more.
In recent years, the study of marine viromes has become one of the most relevant areas of geoecology. Viruses are the most numerous, genetically diverse and pervasive biological entities on Earth, including in aquatic ecosystems. Information about viral diversity in aquatic ecosystems remains limited and requires more research. This work provides the first-ever look at the current DNA virome of the Northern Caspian Sea. A comparison with other freshwater and marine viromes revealed that the North Caspian Sea virome has the greatest similarity with those of the Baltic Sea and Lake Baikal. The study described in this article expands the knowledge about aquatic viromes and provides key data for a more comprehensive analysis of viruses circulating in the Caspian Sea, the largest inland body of water on Earth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diversity in Marine and Freshwater)
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11 pages, 929 KiB  
Article
Serosurvey of Selected Zoonotic Pathogens in Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) in the Russian Arctic
by Alexander Yu. Alekseev, Andrei N. Boltunov, Anastasiya A. Derko, Kirill A. Sharshov, Lyubov S. Adamenko and Alexander M. Shestopalov
Diversity 2022, 14(5), 365; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14050365 - 5 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1993
Abstract
Antibodies to several pathogens were detected in the serum samples of nine polar bears (Ursus maritimus, Phipps, 1774) from areas of the Russian Arctic. Plasma was studied for antibodies to sixteen infectious and parasitic diseases using indirect Protein-A ELISA. It is [...] Read more.
Antibodies to several pathogens were detected in the serum samples of nine polar bears (Ursus maritimus, Phipps, 1774) from areas of the Russian Arctic. Plasma was studied for antibodies to sixteen infectious and parasitic diseases using indirect Protein-A ELISA. It is known that when using ELISA, the interaction of antibodies with a heterologous antigen is possible due to immunological crossings between antigens. We investigated the plasma for the presence of antibodies to the major pathogens and for the presence of antibodies to pathogens, for which the cross-immunological reactions to these pathogens are described. For example, antibodies to the pathogens of opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis, and ascariasis were found simultaneously in four polar bears. Antibodies to both anisakidosis and trichinellosis pathogens were found in six animals. The data obtained may also indicate a joint invasion by these pathogens. Unfortunately, due to the small number of animals sampled, it is impossible to carry out statistical processing of the data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diversity in Marine and Freshwater)
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