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Advances in Energy Management and Control for Smart Buildings

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "G: Energy and Buildings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 3158

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Architectural Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
Interests: building systems; building energy management systems; building energy simulation and calibration; energy audit; measurement and verification; solar energy; smart building systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Architectural Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea
Interests: energy audit; building decarbonization; code-compliant simulation; occupant behavior; indoor air quality

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The reduction in greenhouse gas emissions has become a top priority in mitigating the ongoing climate crisis. Building energy management systems, also known as smart buildings, are emerging as an effective approach to achieve energy efficiency in the building sector, which is responsible for a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions globally. Smart buildings offer extended opportunities to obtain various energy use-related data at different time points, and the big data obtained from them can be used to provide useful insights into various ways to optimize building energy efficiency through artificial intelligence. This Special Issue will feature the latest research in the areas of energy efficiency in buildings, smart buildings, big data and energy, and many more, focusing on the application of artificial intelligence for building sustainability. In addition to the keywords below, various original research papers included in this category are welcome.

Dr. Kee Han Kim
Dr. Chul Kim
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • building energy management systems in smart buildings
  • advances in energy system controls
  • building-integrated renewable energy and related systems
  • artificial intelligence and IoT in energy systems
  • big data and energy
  • energy efficiency in buildings
  • energy retrofits in existing buildings

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 6716 KiB  
Article
Demand Response Potential of an Educational Building Heated by a Hybrid Ground Source Heat Pump System
by Tianchen Xue, Juha Jokisalo and Risto Kosonen
Energies 2024, 17(21), 5428; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17215428 - 30 Oct 2024
Viewed by 500
Abstract
Demand response (DR) enhances building energy flexibility, but its application in hybrid heating systems with dynamic pricings remains underexplored. This study applied DR via heating setpoint adjustments based on dynamic electricity and district heating (DH) prices to a building heated by a hybrid [...] Read more.
Demand response (DR) enhances building energy flexibility, but its application in hybrid heating systems with dynamic pricings remains underexplored. This study applied DR via heating setpoint adjustments based on dynamic electricity and district heating (DH) prices to a building heated by a hybrid ground source heat pump (GSHP) system coupled to a DH network. A cost-effective control was implemented to optimize the usage of GSHP and DH with power limitations. Additionally, four DR control algorithms, including two single-price algorithms based on electricity and DH prices and two dual-price algorithms using minimum heating price and price signal summation methods, were tested for space heating under different marginal values. The impact of DR on ventilation heating was also evaluated. The results showed that applying the proposed DR algorithms to space heating improved electricity and DH flexibilities without compromising indoor comfort. A higher marginal value reduced the energy flexibility but increased cost savings. The dual price DR control algorithm using the price signal summation method achieved the highest cost savings. When combined with a cost-effective control strategy and power limitations, it reduced annual energy costs by up to 10.8%. However, applying the same DR to both space and ventilation heating reduced cost savings and significantly increased discomfort time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Management and Control for Smart Buildings)
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28 pages, 23807 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Energy Efficiency of an Energy Management System for Convenience Stores
by Thitiporn Thomyapitak, Piyanat Saengsikhiao, Passakorn Vessakosol and Juntakan Taweekun
Energies 2024, 17(19), 4941; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194941 - 2 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1139
Abstract
This research presents a solution for improving energy efficiency in convenience stores by implementing a building energy management system (BEMS) that uses new logic control in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. These systems currently consume the most energy in convenience stores. Implementing this [...] Read more.
This research presents a solution for improving energy efficiency in convenience stores by implementing a building energy management system (BEMS) that uses new logic control in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. These systems currently consume the most energy in convenience stores. Implementing this system not only reduces the energy consumption of the compressors in both systems but also minimizes energy loss due to low desired temperatures in the sale area while maintaining the cabinet temperature at the same level. An experiment was conducted at a 314-square-meter convenience store that was open from 6:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m., and we demonstrated a 4.4-year payback period by controlling AC units close to the desired sale-area temperature of 25 degrees Celsius and increasing the suction pressure at a medium-temperature CDU by 0.3 bar or 31 kPa. This resulted in energy savings of 7.1 kilowatt-hours per day, or 2591.5 kilowatt-hours per year, for the air conditioning system and 2.8 kilowatt-hours per day, or 1022.0 kilowatt-hours per year, for the refrigeration system, resulting in a total energy savings of 9.9 kilowatt-hours per day, or 3613.5 kilowatt-hours per year. The convenience store can use the results of this research to improve the energy efficiency of its cooling system, which includes air conditioning and refrigeration systems, thereby promoting sustainable energy conservation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Management and Control for Smart Buildings)
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16 pages, 2399 KiB  
Article
Doing More with Less: Applying Low-Frequency Energy Data to Define Thermal Performance of House Units and Energy-Saving Opportunities
by Amina Irakoze, Han-Sung Choi and Kee-Han Kim
Energies 2024, 17(16), 4186; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17164186 - 22 Aug 2024
Viewed by 530
Abstract
High-frequency energy data, such as hourly and sub-hourly energy, provide various options for assessing building energy performance. However, the scarcity of such energy data is among the challenges of applying most of the existing energy analysis approaches in large-scale building energy remodeling projects. [...] Read more.
High-frequency energy data, such as hourly and sub-hourly energy, provide various options for assessing building energy performance. However, the scarcity of such energy data is among the challenges of applying most of the existing energy analysis approaches in large-scale building energy remodeling projects. The purpose of this study is to develop a practical method to define the energy performance of residential house units using monthly energy data that are relatively easy to obtain for existing building stock. In addition, based on the defined energy use characteristics, house units are classified, and energy retrofit measures are proposed for energy-inefficient units. In this study, we applied a change-point regression model to investigate the heterogeneity in the monthly gas consumption of 200 house units sampled from four apartment complexes in Ulsan, Republic of Korea. Using a four-quadrant plane and the fitted model parameters, we identified most energy-inefficient house units and their potential energy-saving measures are assessed. The results indicate that around a 41% energy reduction through enhanced thermal properties and heating systems was achieved. The study responds to the need for a straightforward procedure for identifying and prioritizing the best targets for effective energy upgrades of existing buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Management and Control for Smart Buildings)
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17 pages, 8713 KiB  
Article
Research on a Plan of Free Cooling Operation Control for the Efficiency Improvement of a Water-Side Economizer
by Yu-Jin Kim, Kwang-Hee Kim, Ju-Wan Ha and Young-Hak Song
Energies 2024, 17(12), 2804; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17122804 - 7 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 611
Abstract
The energy reduction in chillers has been considered an important factor in the energy efficiency improvements of cooling systems, and water-side free cooling is regarded as the key of chiller free cooling technology. Therefore, this research aims to develop a control methodology for [...] Read more.
The energy reduction in chillers has been considered an important factor in the energy efficiency improvements of cooling systems, and water-side free cooling is regarded as the key of chiller free cooling technology. Therefore, this research aims to develop a control methodology for the extension of the free cooling operation time in order to improve the efficiency of water cooling-type chillers based on a WSE (water-side economizer) system for a data center and review the proper control conditions through an energy usage analysis of the entire system. The suggested methodology is an increase in the chilled water supply and return temperature according to the increase in the CARH (Computer Room Air Handler) fan air flow and a decrease in the chilled water flow. A case study was conducted according to the application of control through an EnergyPlus simulation. The results of the simulation show that energy usage was reduced by 8.1% under 120% CRAH fan capacity and 100% chilled water flow conditions. When applying the control plan, the free cooling period was extended according to the increased CRAH fan capacity and decreased chilled water flow. However, the increase in the CRAH fan energy must be considered. Also, in the case of a reduction in the chilled water flow, it is necessary to consider a point that can guarantee the cooling treatment heat rate in the heat exchanger. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Energy Management and Control for Smart Buildings)
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