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Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering...
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Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "G: Energy and Buildings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 22079

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria do Rosário Alves Calado

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Guest Editor
Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Beira Interior, Calçada Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: power systems optimization and control; energy conversion systems; renewable energy and energy harvesting; industrial automation; electric road vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jorge Miguel dos Reis Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Universidade da Beira Interior, Aerospace Science Department (DCA-UBI), Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201- 001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: transportation (in general) and air transport in particular (including operations research); flight safety and security
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

ICEUBI is an International Congress on Engineering organized every two years by the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Beira Interior, Portugal, and aims to promoteengineering in society, ensuring contact between researchers and practitioners from different fields of engineering and permitting the dissemination of engineering research, innovation, and development within various sectors of economic activity.

The 2019 event aims to promote the contribution of Engineering for Evolution, and comes on the heels of the successful ICEUBI 2011, 2013, and 2015, where a significant number of scientific communications were submitted by participants from different countries (ICEUBI is considered as a reference organization in the field of engineering).

The scope of ICEUBI 2019 includes all matters within the scope of engineering and will provide a place for academics, research-focused practitioners, and policy makers to present research findings in the areas of engineering and other related areas.Submissions on aeronautics and astronautics, architecture and construction, informatics, textile science and technology, civil engineering, electrotechnical engineering, mechanical engineering, bioengineering and industrial engineering and management, related to the topics of energy ((1) fundamentals, (2) sources, (3) exploration, (4) conversion, and (5) policy), are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Maria do Rosário Alves Calado
Prof. Dr. Jorge Miguel dos Reis Silva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Aeronautical and aerospace energy systems
  • Energy and buildings
  • Renewable energy sources
  • Fossil energy sources
  • Domestic and industrial applications
  • Energy saving and efficiency
  • Energy conversion and management
  • Bioenergetics
  • Chemical energetics
  • Sustainable energy systems
  • Energetic materials
  • Energy conversion systems
  • Energy policy

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3414 KiB  
Article
A Novel Lagrangian Multiplier Update Algorithm for Short-Term Hydro-Thermal Coordination
by P. M. R. Bento, S. J. P. S. Mariano, M. R. A. Calado and L. A. F. M. Ferreira
Energies 2020, 13(24), 6621; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246621 - 15 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2399
Abstract
The backbone of a conventional electrical power generation system relies on hydro-thermal coordination. Due to its intrinsic complex, large-scale and constrained nature, the feasibility of a direct approach is reduced. With this limitation in mind, decomposition methods, particularly Lagrangian relaxation, constitutes a consolidated [...] Read more.
The backbone of a conventional electrical power generation system relies on hydro-thermal coordination. Due to its intrinsic complex, large-scale and constrained nature, the feasibility of a direct approach is reduced. With this limitation in mind, decomposition methods, particularly Lagrangian relaxation, constitutes a consolidated choice to “simplify” the problem. Thus, translating a relaxed problem approach indirectly leads to solutions of the primal problem. In turn, the dual problem is solved iteratively, and Lagrange multipliers are updated between each iteration using subgradient methods. However, this class of methods presents a set of sensitive aspects that often require time-consuming tuning tasks or to rely on the dispatchers’ own expertise and experience. Hence, to tackle these shortcomings, a novel Lagrangian multiplier update adaptative algorithm is proposed, with the aim of automatically adjust the step-size used to update Lagrange multipliers, therefore avoiding the need to pre-select a set of parameters. A results comparison is made against two traditionally employed step-size update heuristics, using a real hydrothermal scenario derived from the Portuguese power system. The proposed adaptive algorithm managed to obtain improved performances in terms of the dual problem, thereby reducing the duality gap with the optimal primal problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution)
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17 pages, 10929 KiB  
Article
Aircraft Propellers—Is There a Future?
by Pedro Alves, Miguel Silvestre and Pedro Gamboa
Energies 2020, 13(16), 4157; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13164157 - 11 Aug 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 7481
Abstract
The race for speed ruled the early Jet Age on aviation. Aircraft manufacturers chased faster and faster planes in a fight for pride and capability. In the early 1970s, dreams were that the future would be supersonic, but fuel economy and unacceptable noise [...] Read more.
The race for speed ruled the early Jet Age on aviation. Aircraft manufacturers chased faster and faster planes in a fight for pride and capability. In the early 1970s, dreams were that the future would be supersonic, but fuel economy and unacceptable noise levels made that era never happen. After the 1973 oil crisis, the paradigm changed. The average cruise speed on newly developed aircraft started to decrease in exchange for improvements in many other performance parameters. At the same pace, the airliner’s power-plants are evolving to look more like a ducted turboprop, and less like a pure jet engine as the pursuit for the higher bypass ratios continues. However, since the birth of jet aircraft, the propeller-driven plane has lost its dominant place, associated with the idea that going back to propeller-driven airplanes, and what it represents in terms of modernity and security, has started a propeller avoidance phenomenon with travelers and thus with airlines. Today, even with the modest research effort since the 1980s, advanced propellers are getting efficiencies closer to jet-powered engines at their contemporary typical cruise speeds. This paper gives a brief overview of the performance trends in aviation since the last century. Comparison examples between aircraft designed on different paradigms are presented. The use of propellers as a reborn propulsive device is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution)
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18 pages, 6470 KiB  
Article
Proportional Resonant Current Control and Output-Filter Design Optimization for Grid-Tied Inverters Using Grey Wolf Optimizer
by João Faria, João Fermeiro, José Pombo, Maria Calado and Sílvio Mariano
Energies 2020, 13(8), 1923; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081923 - 14 Apr 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3470
Abstract
This paper proposes a new method for the simultaneous determination of the optimal control parameters of proportional resonant controllers and the optimal design of the output filter of a grid-tied three-phase inverter. The proposed method, based on the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm, [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a new method for the simultaneous determination of the optimal control parameters of proportional resonant controllers and the optimal design of the output filter of a grid-tied three-phase inverter. The proposed method, based on the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm, addresses both optimization problems as a single process to achieve a better system frequency response. It optimizes the unknown parameters by using a fitness function to find the best trade-off between the following fundamental terms: the harmonic attenuation rate; the power loss, through the damping resistor; and the current tracking error in the stationary frame, ensuring the system and grid stability. To validate the proposed optimization methodology, two case studies are considered with different output filter topologies with passive damping methods. The results obtained from the proposed optimization procedure were analyzed and discussed according to the fitness function terms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution)
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13 pages, 1385 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Frequency and Amplitude Influence on a Plunging NACA0012
by Emanuel Camacho, Fernando Neves, André Silva and Jorge Barata
Energies 2020, 13(8), 1861; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081861 - 11 Apr 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2610
Abstract
Natural flight has always been the source of imagination for Mankind, but reproducing the propulsive systems used by animals that can improve the versatility and response at low Reynolds number is indeed quite complex. The main objective of the present work is the [...] Read more.
Natural flight has always been the source of imagination for Mankind, but reproducing the propulsive systems used by animals that can improve the versatility and response at low Reynolds number is indeed quite complex. The main objective of the present work is the computational study of the influence of the Reynolds number, frequency, and amplitude of the oscillatory movement of a NACA0012 airfoil in the aerodynamic performance. The thrust and power coefficients are obtained which together are used to calculate the propulsive efficiency. The simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent with a RANS approach for Reynolds numbers between 8500 and 34,000, reduced frequencies between 1 and 5, and Strouhal numbers from 0.1 to 0.4. The aerodynamic parameters were thoroughly explored as well as their interaction, concluding that when the Reynolds number is increased, the optimal propulsive efficiency occurs for higher nondimensional amplitudes and lower reduced frequencies, agreeing in some ways with the phenomena observed in the animal kingdom. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution)
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11 pages, 4278 KiB  
Article
New HVAC Sustainability Index—TWI (Total Water Impact)
by Alexandre F. Santos, Pedro D. Gaspar and Heraldo J. L. de Souza
Energies 2020, 13(7), 1590; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071590 - 1 Apr 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2717
Abstract
Sales of air conditioning are growing rapidly in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. This energy use for air conditioning comes from a combination of rising temperatures, rising population and economic growth. Energy demand for climate control will triple by 2050, [...] Read more.
Sales of air conditioning are growing rapidly in buildings, more than tripling between 1990 and 2016. This energy use for air conditioning comes from a combination of rising temperatures, rising population and economic growth. Energy demand for climate control will triple by 2050, consuming more energy than that currently consumed altogether by the United States, the European Union and Japan. This increase in energy will directly impact water consumption, either to directly cool a condenser of an equipment or to serve indirectly as a basis for energy sources such as hydroelectric power that feed these heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Knowing the unique and growing importance of water, a new index, Total Water Impact (TWI) is presented, which allows a holistic comparison of the impact of water use on water, air and evaporative condensation climate systems. 200 and 500 TON (tons of refrigeration) air-cooled and water-cooled systems are theoretically compared to evaluate the general water consumption level. The TWI index is higher in the smallest water condensing system. That is, holistically, water consumption is higher in the water condensing system than in the air condensing system. Thus, this index provides a new insight about energy consumption and ultimately, about sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution)
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20 pages, 1383 KiB  
Article
Turbulence Modeling Insights into Supercritical Nitrogen Mixing Layers
by Leandro Magalhães, Francisco Carvalho, André Silva and Jorge Barata
Energies 2020, 13(7), 1586; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071586 - 1 Apr 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2593
Abstract
In Liquid Rocket Engines, higher combustion efficiencies come at the cost of the propellants exceeding their critical point conditions and entering the supercritical domain. The term fluid is used because, under these conditions, there is no longer a clear distinction between a liquid [...] Read more.
In Liquid Rocket Engines, higher combustion efficiencies come at the cost of the propellants exceeding their critical point conditions and entering the supercritical domain. The term fluid is used because, under these conditions, there is no longer a clear distinction between a liquid and a gas phase. The non-conventional behavior of thermophysical properties makes the modeling of supercritical fluid flows a most challenging task. In the present work, a Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) computational method following an incompressible but variable density approach is devised on which the performance of several turbulence models is compared in conjunction with a high accuracy multi-parameter equation of state. In addition, a suitable methodology to describe transport properties accounting for dense fluid corrections is applied. The results are validated against experimental data, making it clear that there is no trend between turbulence model complexity and the quality of the produced results. For several instances, one- and two-equation turbulence models produce similar results. Finally, considerations about the applicability of the tested turbulence models in supercritical simulations are given based on the results and the structural nature of each model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the ICEUBI2019 – International Congress on Engineering – Engineering for Evolution)
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