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Green and Intelligent Mining of Coal Resources: Theory, Methods and Technologies

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "H: Geo-Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 August 2023) | Viewed by 16331

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Chen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
Interests: thin coal seam mining; intelligent mining; green mining; mining system engineering; rock stratum control in karst mountainous area
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coal mining is moving in the direction of green and intelligent mining, which is of great importance to improve the coal mining rate, protect the environment and achieve the sustainable development of coal mines.

Coal mining causes strata movement, resulting in surface subsidence and consequent damage to farmland and construction facilities. Coal mining also generates large quantities of gangue which is piled on the ground. This gangue not only occupies good fields, but also causes environmental pollution. With the increase of mining depth, the frequency and intensity of dynamic disasters such as mine pressure appear to increase, endangering the safety of mine production. If the above problems cannot be effectively solved, in the next few decades, with the continuous growth of total energy demand and coal production, the mining area security and ecological environment problems caused by coal resource exploitation will be more serious, and the environment for human survival and social development will be seriously threatened.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to collect original research and review articles on green and intelligent coal mining (but welcomes the submission of other relevant works).

Topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Influence of mining on strata movement and movement law.
  • The distribution and development law of joint fissures in rock strata after mining.
  • Green mining (filling mining, etc.).
  • Intelligent mining technology.
  • Roadway support technology.

Prof. Dr. Chen Wang
Guest Editor

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green mining
  • strata movement
  • roadway support
  • intelligent mining
  • waste filling
  • mine pressure and strata control

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 10099 KiB  
Article
The Instability Characteristics and Displacement Law of Coal Wall Containing Joint Fissures in the Fully Mechanized Working Face with Great Mining Height
by Weibin Guo, Yuhui Li and Gang Wang
Energies 2022, 15(23), 9059; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15239059 - 30 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1458
Abstract
Coal wall rib-spalling is regarded as a key technical problem influencing safe and efficient mining of fully mechanized working face with great mining height (FGH) while the coal wall stability is influenced by the strength of the coal body, of which the internal [...] Read more.
Coal wall rib-spalling is regarded as a key technical problem influencing safe and efficient mining of fully mechanized working face with great mining height (FGH) while the coal wall stability is influenced by the strength of the coal body, of which the internal joint fissures have a crucial impact on the strength of the coal body. This research attempted to explore how the coal wall stability of FGH is influenced by the occurrence of joint fissures. This paper uses physical and numerical simulations to systematically analyze the instability characteristics and displacement law of FGH. Research results show that the form and scope of the instability of coal wall rib-spalling depend on the state of the coal seam joint fissures development area, and the development state of coal seam joint fissures is related to the combination of the coal seam joints; under the condition of hard coal, the coal wall stability is better at the inclination angle of 90°, and less stable at 45° and 135°; under the condition of medium-hard coal and joint surface inclination angle of 45° and 135°, the smaller the spacing of joint surface, the larger the area of the working face rib-spalling, and the less stable the coal wall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green and Intelligent Mining of Coal Resources: Theory, Methods and Technologies)
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14 pages, 2867 KiB  
Article
Study on the Bending Effect and Rock Burst Mechanism of Middle Rock Pillars in Extremely Thick Subvertical Coal Seams
by Yuxi Hao, Yangyang Sun, Jiangchun Hu, Manchao He, Jiong Wang and Mingliang Li
Energies 2022, 15(17), 6366; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176366 - 31 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1428
Abstract
Rock bursts occur in nearly vertical coal seam mines at shallow to moderate burial depths, which endangers safe mining. To study the rock burst mechanisms of nearly vertical and extremely thick coal seams, the characteristics of rock bursts were studied via on-site investigation, [...] Read more.
Rock bursts occur in nearly vertical coal seam mines at shallow to moderate burial depths, which endangers safe mining. To study the rock burst mechanisms of nearly vertical and extremely thick coal seams, the characteristics of rock bursts were studied via on-site investigation, and a field test of in situ stress was carried out. The mechanical behavior of rock pillars in the middle of the B1+2 and B3+6 coal seams was analyzed using theoretical and numerical simulation methods. The results show that the horizontal maximum principal stress orientation and the nearly vertical coal seam strike were both 82°. The bending of the rock pillars occurred due to the horizontal unbalanced force, and a large amount of bending energy was accumulated within 50 m above the mining level. Rock pillars were bent toward the B1+2 mining goaf and exerted a reverse bending and squeezing effect on the B3+6 coal seam below the mining levels. In addition to the inclination and compression of the B3+6 coal seam roof, stress concentration zones formed in the B3+6 coal seam, where a large amount of elastic energy had accumulated in the coal-rock mass. Consequently, both the rock pillars and the B3+6 coal body at the mining level are in an unstable state undue to mining disturbance. Rock burst energy theory and numerical calculation results showed that in the stress concentration zones of the B3+6 coal seam, the energy density of the coal mass reached or exceeded its critical value before rock burst occurred, and rock bursts were prone to occur under mining disturbances. The in situ microseismic results showed that high-energy microseismic events were mainly concentrated in middle rock pillars around the mining levels and the coal mass in high-stress concentration zones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green and Intelligent Mining of Coal Resources: Theory, Methods and Technologies)
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16 pages, 5179 KiB  
Article
Study on Fractal Characteristics of Evolution of Mining-Induced Fissures in Karst Landform
by Rentao Gou, Chengyu Jiang, Yong Liu, Chen Wang and Yuanlin Li
Energies 2022, 15(15), 5372; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155372 - 25 Jul 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1710
Abstract
The karst landscape is widespread in the southern region of China. As a result of underground mining activities, the original stress equilibrium is disrupted, causing the redistribution of stress in the overlying rock layer, inducing the longitudinal fracture of mining to expand and [...] Read more.
The karst landscape is widespread in the southern region of China. As a result of underground mining activities, the original stress equilibrium is disrupted, causing the redistribution of stress in the overlying rock layer, inducing the longitudinal fracture of mining to expand and penetrate upwards, resulting in the rupture and destabilization of the karst cave roof, thus triggering a series of engineering problems such as karst cave collapse, landslide, the discontinuous deformation of the ground surface, and soil erosion. In order to study the evolutionary characteristics of buried rock fissures in shallow coal seam mining under the karst landform, taking the shallow coal seam with the typical karst cave development landform in Guizhou as the engineering background, based on the similarity simulation experiment and fractal theory, the evolution law of buried rock fissures and network fractal characteristics under the disturbance of the karst landform mining are analyzed. The research shows that the mining-induced fracture reaches the maximum development height of 61 m on the left side of the cave, and the two sides of the cave produce uncoordinated deformation. The separation fracture below the cave is relatively developed, and the overall distribution pattern of the cave rock fracture network presents a “ladder” shape. The correlation coefficient of the fractal dimension of the rock fractures under different advancing distances is more than 0.90, and the rock fracture network under the karst landform has high self-similarity. The variation of fractal dimension with the advancing degree of the working face can be divided into four stages. The first and second stages show an exponential growth trend, and the third and fourth stages show linear changes with slopes of 0.0007 and 0.0014, respectively. The fluctuation of the fractal dimension is small. The periodic weighting of the upper roof in the cave-affected zone is frequent, the fragmentation of the fractured rock mass becomes larger, and the fractures of the upper rock mass are relatively developed. The research results can provide a reference for the study on the evolution law of mining-induced rock fissures under similar karst landforms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green and Intelligent Mining of Coal Resources: Theory, Methods and Technologies)
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19 pages, 2948 KiB  
Article
Nanoparticle Emission and Characterization from Pre-Dried Lignite and Bituminous Coal Co-Combustion
by Ioannis Avagianos, Panagiotis Vounatsos, Ioannis Papandreou, Joerg Maier, Panagiotis Grammelis and Emmanuel Kakaras
Energies 2020, 13(9), 2373; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13092373 - 9 May 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2387
Abstract
Nowadays, the high share of electricity production from renewables drives coal-fired power plants to adopt a more flexible operation scheme and, at the same time, maintain flue gas emissions within respective standards. A 500 kWth pulverized coal furnace was used to study pre-dried [...] Read more.
Nowadays, the high share of electricity production from renewables drives coal-fired power plants to adopt a more flexible operation scheme and, at the same time, maintain flue gas emissions within respective standards. A 500 kWth pulverized coal furnace was used to study pre-dried lignite combustion or co-combustion as an available option for these plants. Bituminous coal from Czech Republic and pre-dried lignite from Greece were blended for the experiments. Particle emissions measurements with a heated Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI+) and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) analyses were performed. The effect of the pre-dried lignite proportions in the fuel feed and the combustion conditions regarding the combustion air staging were the two parameters selected for this study. Skeletal density values were measured from the cyclone prior to the impactor. Results are depicted with respect to the aerodynamic and Stokes diameter for impactor stages. The presence of pre-dried lignite in the fuel blend lowers the particle matter (PM) PM2.5, PM1 and PM0.1 emissions, thus having a positive impact on ESP’s fractional and overall efficiency. The staged combustion air feed reduces the particle emissions in all cases. Sulfur content follows a pattern of higher concentration values for finer particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green and Intelligent Mining of Coal Resources: Theory, Methods and Technologies)
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Review

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26 pages, 10820 KiB  
Review
Biomass Availability in Europe as an Alternative Fuel for Full Conversion of Lignite Power Plants: A Critical Review
by Vasiliki Tzelepi, Myrto Zeneli, Dimitrios-Sotirios Kourkoumpas, Emmanouil Karampinis, Antonios Gypakis, Nikos Nikolopoulos and Panagiotis Grammelis
Energies 2020, 13(13), 3390; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13133390 - 1 Jul 2020
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 7725
Abstract
Biomass has been demonstrated as a capable source of energy to fulfill the increasing demand for clean energy sources which could last a long time. Replacing fossil fuels with biomass-based ones can potentially lead to a reduction of carbon emissions, which is the [...] Read more.
Biomass has been demonstrated as a capable source of energy to fulfill the increasing demand for clean energy sources which could last a long time. Replacing fossil fuels with biomass-based ones can potentially lead to a reduction of carbon emissions, which is the main target of the EU climate strategy. Based on RED II (revised Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001/EU) and the European Green Deal, biomass is a promising energy source for achieving carbon neutrality in the future. However, the sustainable potential of biomass resources in the forthcoming decades is still a matter of question. This review aims at estimating the availability of biomass for energy reasons in the EU, and to evaluate its potential to meet the coal power plant capacity of the main lignite-producer countries, including Germany, Poland and Greece. Plants in line with the sustainability criteria of RED II have been selected for the preliminary estimations concerning their full conversion to the biomass power concept. Furthermore, the various barriers to biomass utilization are highlighted, such as the stranded asset risk of a future coal phase-out scenario, biomass supply chain challenges, biomass availability in main lignite-producer EU countries, the existing full conversion technologies, and biomass cost. A variety of challenges in the scenario of lignite substitution with biomass in a plant are investigated in a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis. Technological risks and issues should be tackled in order to achieve the coal phase-out EU goal, mainly with regard to the supply chain of biomass. In this direction, the development of logistics centers for the centralized handling of biomass is strongly recommended. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green and Intelligent Mining of Coal Resources: Theory, Methods and Technologies)
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