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Energies
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Nanoparticles and Nanofluids for Energy Applications
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Nanoparticles and Nanofluids for Energy Applications

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D1: Advanced Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 8115

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Helena M. R. Gonçalves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
Interests: nanotechnology; sensors for biomedical and environmental applications; smart nanomaterials for health application
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy consumption worldwide is constantly growing, and with it, there is a pressing need to develop new materials that can tackle this demand in a sustainable way. In the building sector, it is of the utmost importance that energy consumption can be counterbalanced with the generation of renewable energy, in situ. We live in a technological world, and in this reality, nanotechnology has a major role. Indeed, the number of nanoparticle/nanodevice applications is ever-growing. The use of nanotechnology in the development of new and alternative methods for pharmaceutical, medicinal, optical engineering, biosensing, and energy applications, among others, has boosted research on new nanoparticles and nanofluids. In the energy area, nanoparticles can be found in, e.g., storage units, luminescent solar concentrators, smart windows, and heat transfer mechanisms. All of these can provide high input in society and in the construction of a sustainable energy future. Nanofluids, for example, have a largely superior performance when compared to the currently employed heat transfer liquids; as such, they are greatly promising for applications in thermal management in sectors ranging from space exploration, automotive industry, and energy storage, to medicine, including cancer therapy. Another interesting application of nanoparticles is in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). These devices can potentially transform a building façade into an electricity power generator. As researchers, the possibility of creating a green, sustainable, future for generations to come is in our hands.

Dr. Helena M. R. Gonçalves
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanoparticles
  • Nanofluids
  • Luminescent solar concentrators
  • Plasmonics
  • Smart window devices
  • Storage energy devices
  • Heat transfer
  • Sustainability

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5658 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Oil Recovery by Hydrophilic Silica Nanofluid: Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Parameters and Mechanisms on Recovery Potential
by Tariq Ali Chandio, Muhammad A. Manan, Khalil Rehman Memon, Ghulam Abbas and Ghazanfer Raza Abbasi
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5767; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185767 - 13 Sep 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2863
Abstract
Nanofluids as an EOR technique are reported to enhance oil recoveries. Among all the nanomaterial silica with promising lab results, economic and environmental acceptability are an ideal material for future applications. Despite the potential to enhance recoveries, understanding the two-fold impact of parameters [...] Read more.
Nanofluids as an EOR technique are reported to enhance oil recoveries. Among all the nanomaterial silica with promising lab results, economic and environmental acceptability are an ideal material for future applications. Despite the potential to enhance recoveries, understanding the two-fold impact of parameters such as concentration, salinity, stability, injection rate, and irreproducibility of results has arisen ambiguities that have delayed field applications. This integrated study is conducted to ascertain two-fold impacts of concentration and salinity on recovery and stability and evaluates corresponding changes in the recovery mechanism with variance in the parameters. Initially, silica nanofluids’ recovery potential was evaluated by tertiary flooding at different concentrations (0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.1) wt. % at 20,000 ppm salinity. The optimum concentration of 0.05 wt. % with the highest potential in terms of recovery, wettability change, and IFT reduction was selected. Then nano-flooding was carried out at higher salinities at a nanomaterial concentration of 0.05 wt. %. For the mechanism’s evaluation, the contact angle, IFT and porosity reduction, along with differential profile changes were analyzed. The recovery potential was found at its highest for 0.05 wt. %, which reduced when concentrations were further increased as the recovery mechanisms changed and compromised stability. Whereas salinity also had a two-fold impact with salinity at 30,000 ppm resulting in lower recovery, higher salinity destabilized the solution but enhanced recoveries by enhancing macroscopic mechanisms of pore throat plugging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles and Nanofluids for Energy Applications)
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11 pages, 1166 KiB  
Article
A High-Accuracy Thermal Conductivity Model for Water-Based Graphene Nanoplatelet Nanofluids
by Elif Begum Elcioglu
Energies 2021, 14(16), 5178; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14165178 - 21 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1866
Abstract
High energetic efficiency is a major requirement in industrial processes. The poor thermal conductivity of conventional working fluids stands as a limitation for high thermal efficiency in thermal applications. Nanofluids tackle this limitation by their tunable and enhanced thermal conductivities compared to their [...] Read more.
High energetic efficiency is a major requirement in industrial processes. The poor thermal conductivity of conventional working fluids stands as a limitation for high thermal efficiency in thermal applications. Nanofluids tackle this limitation by their tunable and enhanced thermal conductivities compared to their base fluid counterparts. In particular, carbon-based nanoparticles (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, etc.) have attracted attention since they exhibit thermal conductivities much greater than those of metal-oxide and metallic nanoparticles. In this work, thermal conductivity data from the literature are processed by employing rigorous statistical methodology. A high-accuracy regression equation is developed for the prediction of thermal conductivity of graphene nanoplatelet-water nanofluids, based on the temperature (15–60 °C), nanoparticle weight fraction (0.025–0.1 wt.%), and graphene nanoparticle specific surface area (300–750 m2/g). The strength of the impact of these variables on the graphene nanoplatelet thermal conductivity data can be sorted from the highest to lowest as temperature, nanoparticle loading, and graphene nanoplatelet specific surface area. The model developed by multiple linear regression with three independent variables has a determination coefficient of 97.1% and exhibits convenience for its ease of use from the existing prediction equations with two independent variables. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles and Nanofluids for Energy Applications)
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23 pages, 8691 KiB  
Article
Effect of Nanofluid Thermophysical Properties on the Performance Prediction of Single-Phase Natural Circulation Loops
by Nur Çobanoğlu and Ziya Haktan Karadeniz
Energies 2020, 13(10), 2523; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102523 - 15 May 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2741
Abstract
Specifying nanofluids’ thermophysical properties correctly is crucial for correct interpretation of a system’s thermo-hydraulic performance and faster market-uptake of nanofluids. Although, experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted on nanofluids’ thermophysical properties; their order-of-magnitude change is still a matter of debate. This numerical [...] Read more.
Specifying nanofluids’ thermophysical properties correctly is crucial for correct interpretation of a system’s thermo-hydraulic performance and faster market-uptake of nanofluids. Although, experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted on nanofluids’ thermophysical properties; their order-of-magnitude change is still a matter of debate. This numerical study aims to reveal the sensitivity of single phase natural circulation loops (SPNCL), which are the passive systems widely used in solar thermal and nuclear applications, to thermophysical property inputs by evaluating the effects of measured and predicted nanofluid thermophysical properties on the SPNCL characteristics and performance for the first time. Performance and characteristics of an SPNCL working with water-based-Al2O3 nanofluid (1–3 vol.%) for heating applications is evaluated for different pipe diameters (3–6 mm). The thermal conductivity effect on SPNCL characteristics is found to be limited. However, viscosity affects the SPNCL characteristics significantly for the investigated cases. In this study, Grm ranges are 1.93 × 107–9.45 × 108 for measured thermophysical properties and 1.93 × 107–9.45 × 108 for predicted thermophysical properties. Thermo-hydraulic performance is evaluated by dimensionless heat transfer coefficients which is predicted within an error band of ±7% for both the predicted and measured thermophysical properties of the data. A Nu correlation is introduced for the investigated SPNCL model, which is useful for implementing the SPNCL into a thermal system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles and Nanofluids for Energy Applications)
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