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Fishes
Special Issues
Trace Elements, Drugs, Small Compounds and Antioxidants in Fish
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Trace Elements, Drugs, Small Compounds and Antioxidants in Fish

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 2975

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Iciar Martinez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
2. Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology & Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PiE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Spain
3. Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
Interests: seafood safety; fish composition and quality; trace elements and antioxidants; fish health and welfare
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Harkaitz Eguiraun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Graphic Design & Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
2. Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology & Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PiE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Spain
Interests: precision fish farming; effects of toxicants and health and welfare promoting substances on fish behaviour; non-linear assessment of fish behaviour
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Some trace elements are toxic regardless of the amount ingested and may accumulate and biomagnify in aquatic organisms, while others are essential in small quantities. Interactions between different trace elements (e.g., Se-Hg) may reduce or increase the total toxicity exerted on an organism according to the mixture, and both their toxicity and beneficial effects often depend on the molecular species (e.g., inorganic Se compounds vs. selenoneine). Small molecules and antioxidants are essential components in fish tissues that may contribute to the health and wellbeing of the animal, its organoleptic properties and their value as a source of beneficial nutrients for consumers. In addition, some toxic (MeHg) and emergent contaminants present in aquatic environments, including human drugs (caffeine, antidepressants), have been shown to exert a measurable effect on the animal’s behaviour, which can then serve as an indication of the presence of contaminants in the environment that pose a risk to health and welfare. This Special Issue will present works screening for relevant elements and compounds in the tissues of fish, shellfish, crustaceans and gastropods, as well as experimental works on the effects of the compounds on their behaviour, health and welfare, particularly those using non-invasive methods. Submissions may consider wild and farmed organisms as well as model fish systems.

Prof. Dr. Iciar Martinez
Dr. Harkaitz Eguiraun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • trace elements
  • antioxidants
  • bioactives, osmolytes and small compounds
  • behaviour
  • health and welfare
  • non-invasive methods
  • aquatic organisms

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 1305 KiB  
Article
Antioxidants, ACE I Inhibitory Peptides, and Physicochemical Composition, with a Special Focus on Trace Elements and Pollutants, of SPRING Spawning Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus) Milt and Hydrolysates for Functional Food Applications
by Miroslava R. Atanassova, Janne K. Stangeland, Simon E. Lausen, Thomas H. Dahl, Trygg Barnung and Wenche E. Larssen
Fishes 2024, 9(11), 456; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9110456 - 9 Nov 2024
Viewed by 463
Abstract
Norwegian spring spawning (NVG) herring milt is a raw material with high nutritional and functional values. However, its incorporation into food presents physicochemical and sensory challenges. Its high DNA content, the presence of TMA/TMAO and possibly heavy metal and/or environmental pollutants, and its [...] Read more.
Norwegian spring spawning (NVG) herring milt is a raw material with high nutritional and functional values. However, its incorporation into food presents physicochemical and sensory challenges. Its high DNA content, the presence of TMA/TMAO and possibly heavy metal and/or environmental pollutants, and its bitter taste due to amino acids or peptides requires a careful approach to food development. Hydrolysis with food-grade enzymes enable an improvement in both the functional and sensory properties of the substrate and the increased stability of the raw materials and end products. HLPC, GC-MS, and in vitro protocols were used for the characterisation of manually extracted material (sample code: HMC) and milt from a fish-filleting line from early spring/late autumn catches. Three different food-grade protein hydrolysates were prepared from these raw materials (sample codes: H1, H2, and H3) as a means to estimate their functional food development potential. Combinations of three commercial enzymatic preparations were applied, targeting specific sensory properties. Parameters related to consumer safety (e.g., the presence of heavy metals and TMA/TMAO); beneficial health effects, such as antioxidant or antihypertensive bioactivities (measured using in vitro TAC, ORAC, DPPH, and ACE I inhibitory activity assays); the presence of beneficial fatty acids and micronutrients; and the protein quality were studied. On the basis of their total amino acid compositions, freeze-dried herring milt and hydrolysates could provide high-quality protein with most of the essential amino acids and taurine. Powdered milt has a particularly high fatty acid profile of bioavailable omega-3 fatty acids (2024.06 mg/100 g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) and 884 mg/100 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3)). The experimentally measured levels of arsenic (3.9 ± 1.2 mg/kg) and cadmium (0.15 ± 0.05 mg/kg) were higher than the levels of the other two heavy metals (mercury and lead). The bioactivity is concentration-dependent. Overall, this work presents complementary information for the future utilisation of C. harengus powdered milt (possibly obtained directly from a fish-filleting line) and some of its protein hydrolysates as food ingredients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trace Elements, Drugs, Small Compounds and Antioxidants in Fish)
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Review

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25 pages, 1301 KiB  
Review
Non-Linear Analyses of Fish Behaviours in Response to Aquatic Environmental Pollutants—A Review
by Harkaitz Eguiraun and Iciar Martinez
Fishes 2023, 8(6), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060311 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1870
Abstract
Analysis of fish behaviour is an effective way to indirectly identify the presence of environmental pollutants that negatively affect fish life, its production and quality. Monitoring individual and collective behaviours produces large amounts of non-linear data that require tailor-suited computational methods to interpret [...] Read more.
Analysis of fish behaviour is an effective way to indirectly identify the presence of environmental pollutants that negatively affect fish life, its production and quality. Monitoring individual and collective behaviours produces large amounts of non-linear data that require tailor-suited computational methods to interpret and manage the information. Fractal dimension (FD) and entropy are two groups of such non-linear analysing methods that serve as indicators of the complexity (FD) and predictability (entropy) of the behaviours. Since behavioural complexity and predictability may be modulated by contaminants, the changes in its FD and entropy values have a clear potential to be embedded in a biological early warning system (BEWS), which may be particularly useful in Precision Fish Farming settings and to monitor wild populations. This work presents a review of the effects of a wide range of environmental contaminants, including toxic compounds, cleaning and disinfecting agents, stimulant (caffeine), anaesthetics and antibiotics, heavy metals (lead, cupper, and mercury), selenium, pesticides and persistent environmental pollutants, on the FD and entropy values of collective and individual behavioural responses of different fish species. All the revised studies demonstrate the usefulness of both FD and entropy to indicate the presence of pollutants and underline the need to consider early changes in the trend of the evolution of their values prior to them becoming significantly different from the control values, i.e., while it is still possible to identify the contaminant and preserve the health and integrity of the fish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trace Elements, Drugs, Small Compounds and Antioxidants in Fish)
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