Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
3.4
1.8
Journals
Fluids
Special Issues
Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition
share announcement

Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Mathematical and Computational Fluid Mechanics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 10429

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francesco De Vanna

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
Interests: compressible flows in turbomachinery; scale-resolved CFD methods; wall-resolved and wall-modeled large-eddy simulations; internal and external fluid dynamics problems; high-performance computing in CFD
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ernesto Benini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
Interests: CFD of flows in industrial and energy systems: optimal design methods; performance analysis in design and off-design conditions; full-annulus uRANS methods; aerothermodynamics of propulsion machines; CFD of supersonic and hypersonic flows
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few decades, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the formulation of advancing numerical algorithms have led to previously unexpected progress in understanding fluid motion. Despite this, dealing with realistic industrial problems through CFD approaches is still incredibly challenging. This is due to the geometric sophistication of industrial reality and the complexity of the flow topology involved in applications, as well as the computing powers needed to carry out full-scale simulations. In addition, even though full-length simulations of realistic engineering devices have been successfully performed, the underlying modeling assumptions often cause issues. In the industrial context, the Reynolds average Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach has shown great flexibility, and today, it can be considered the leading and top-rated strategy. However, by modeling all scales of motion, this technique introduces heavy modeling hypotheses that must be carefully examined and verified a posteriori. On the other hand, more accurate methodologies are being developed, and one imminent technique will use time-effect variations related to fluid motion as core parameters for analyzing the fluid dynamics of industrial devices. This Special Issue intends to collect the foremost ideas concerning the modeling of industrial flows. Ample space will be reserved for validating RANS techniques in real applicative geometries (e.g., aerodynamical components, turbomachinery, conversion energy systems, fluid machinery). Moreover, the coupling of these techniques with optimization algorithms and operative research methods is also of interest. Authors are invited to contribute through innovative ideas concerning fluid modeling, such as contributions to the formulation of new turbulence models, novel approaches for wall-bounded flows and, in general, new CFD paradigms. These may include the formulation of innovative algorithms or the coupling of existing techniques with a view to formulating new paradigms for greater efficiency and more accurate results in industrial computational fluid dynamics.

Thus, the potential topics of the present Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Large/detached eddy simulations;
  2. RANS modeling validation;
  3. Optimization strategies;
  4. Aerodynamics and turbomachinery modeling;
  5. Super/hypersonic flows;
  6. Multiphase and reactive flows.

Dr. Francesco De Vanna
Prof. Dr. Ernesto Benini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • industrial CFD
  • aerospace fluid mechanics
  • turbomachinery
  • optimization methods
  • large-eddy simulation
  • detached eddy simulation
  • wall-modeled LES
  • computational gas dynamics
  • multiphase flows
  • reactive flows
  • numerical modeling in fluids
  • turbulence modeling
  • energy systems

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (10 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

26 pages, 16492 KiB  
Article
Predictive Analysis of Structural Damage in Submerged Structures: A Case Study Approach Using Machine Learning
by Alexandre Brás dos Santos, Hugo Mesquita Vasconcelos, Tiago M. R. M. Domingues, Pedro J. S. C. P. Sousa, Susana Dias, Rogério F. F. Lopes, Marco L. P. Parente, Mário Tomé, Adélio M. S. Cavadas and Pedro M. G. P. Moreira
Fluids 2025, 10(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10010010 - 7 Jan 2025
Viewed by 466
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of a machine learning (ML) model to elaborate on predictions of structural damage in submerged structures due to ocean states and subsequently compares it to a real-life case of a 6-month experiment with a benthic lander bearing [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the development of a machine learning (ML) model to elaborate on predictions of structural damage in submerged structures due to ocean states and subsequently compares it to a real-life case of a 6-month experiment with a benthic lander bearing a multitude of sensors. The ML model uses wave parameters such as height, period and direction as input layers, which describe the ocean conditions, and strains in selected points of the lander structure as output layers. To streamline the dataset generation, a simplified approach was adopted, integrating analytical formulations based on Morison equations and numerical simulations through the Finite Element Method (FEM) of the designed lander. Subsequent validation involved Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations, using a 2D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based numerical wave tank of the entire ocean depth to access velocity profiles, and a restricted 3D CFD model incorporating the lander structure. A case study was conducted to empirically validate the simulated ML model, with the design and deployment of a benthic lander at 30 m depth. The lander was monitored using electrical and optical strain gauges. The strains measured during the testing period will provide empirical validation and may be used for extensive training of a more reliable model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 11941 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Effect of Cut Sweep Ratio of Lily Impeller on the Distribution of Dissolved Oxygen
by Mohammad Tauviqirrahman, Eflita Yohana, Jourdy Cakranegara, Jamari and Budi Setiyana
Fluids 2024, 9(12), 303; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9120303 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 534
Abstract
The aquaculture industry encounters substantial obstacles, including organic pollution, oxygen insufficiency, and elevated levels of ammonia and carbon dioxide. Aeration systems are employed to enhance the process of oxygen transfer and promote circulation. The Lily impeller, a newly developed technology, has demonstrated reduced [...] Read more.
The aquaculture industry encounters substantial obstacles, including organic pollution, oxygen insufficiency, and elevated levels of ammonia and carbon dioxide. Aeration systems are employed to enhance the process of oxygen transfer and promote circulation. The Lily impeller, a newly developed technology, has demonstrated reduced energy consumption in comparison to conventional impeller designs. The objective of this study is to examine how changes in the cut sweep ratio impact the distribution of dissolved oxygen in shrimp ponds, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. A user-defined function (UDF) was utilized to incorporate a dissolved oxygen model into the pond. Five designs of Lily impellers were analyzed and compared with each other. This study demonstrated that alterations in the cut sweep ratio significantly affected the distribution of dissolved oxygen, dynamic pressure, and flow velocity in the pond. The “no cut” variant exhibited the highest average dissolved oxygen value of 0.00385 kg/m3, along with a maximum dynamic pressure of 11.5 Pa and a maximum flow velocity of 0.96 m/s, resulting in the most significant outcomes. This study determined that only the immediate area surrounding the aerator possesses dissolved oxygen levels that are sufficiently elevated to support the survival of shrimp. Consequently, the installation of additional aerators is necessary to guarantee the presence of adequate dissolved oxygen throughout the entire pond. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 40698 KiB  
Article
Two-Stage Multi-Objective Optimization for Improving the Aerodynamic Characteristics of High-Speed Train Nose Shape
by Suhwan Yun, Minho Kwak, Hyungmin Kang, Wonhee Park and Taesoo Kwon
Fluids 2024, 9(12), 295; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9120295 - 12 Dec 2024
Viewed by 661
Abstract
An optimal high-speed train nose design was formulated to reduce aerodynamic drag, mitigate tunnel micro-pressure waves, and improve crosswind safety. Using the vehicle modeling function, the EMU-320 nose shape was derived and applied as the base model for the optimal design. Following the [...] Read more.
An optimal high-speed train nose design was formulated to reduce aerodynamic drag, mitigate tunnel micro-pressure waves, and improve crosswind safety. Using the vehicle modeling function, the EMU-320 nose shape was derived and applied as the base model for the optimal design. Following the initial optimization stage aimed at reducing aerodynamic drag, the second stage of optimization was conducted, using the results of the first stage as constraints, to further reduce tunnel micro-pressure waves and enhance crosswind safety. In the first stage, the aerodynamic drag was reduced by 8.7% due to the pointed nose shape. In the second stage, a Pareto front of optimal shapes was derived to reduce tunnel micro-pressure waves and improve crosswind safety, ensuring that the aerodynamic drag did not exceed the optimum achieved in the first stage by more than 1.5%. This two-stage multi-objective optimization is expected to be effectively utilized in the optimal design of high-speed train shapes that meet the intended purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 11272 KiB  
Article
A Chamfered Anchor Impeller Design for Enhanced Efficiency in Agitating Viscoplastic Fluids
by Amine Benmoussa and José C. Páscoa
Fluids 2024, 9(12), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9120288 - 5 Dec 2024
Viewed by 634
Abstract
In industrial mixing processes, impeller design, rotational speed, and mixing conditions play a crucial role in determining process efficiency, product quality, and energy consumption. Optimizing the performance of stirring systems for non-Newtonian fluids is essential for achieving better results. This study examines the [...] Read more.
In industrial mixing processes, impeller design, rotational speed, and mixing conditions play a crucial role in determining process efficiency, product quality, and energy consumption. Optimizing the performance of stirring systems for non-Newtonian fluids is essential for achieving better results. This study examines the hydrodynamic and thermal performance of stirring systems for viscoplastic fluids, utilizing close-clearance anchor impellers with chamfered angles of 22.5°, 45°, and 67.5° in cylindrical, flat-bottom and unbaffled vessels. Through a comprehensive comparative analysis between standard and chamfered impeller designs, the study evaluates their efficacy in overcoming yield stress, enhancing flow dynamics, and improving thermal homogeneity. The effects of Reynolds number and yield stress on the hydrodynamic and thermal states are analyzed. The results indicate that the 67.5° chamfered impeller significantly improves flow distribution and minimizes dead zones, particularly in critical areas between the anchor blades and vessel walls, where mixing stagnation typically occurs. It also enhances vertical mixing by promoting a broader shear spread along the vessel height and a more uniform temperature distribution. These insights contribute to the development of more efficient agitation systems, applicable across various industries handling complex fluids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 4761 KiB  
Article
Non-Uniform Turbulence Modeling in Isolated Unsteady Diffuser Computational Models for a Vaned Centrifugal Compressor
by Benjamin L. Holtmann and Nicole L. Key
Fluids 2024, 9(12), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9120270 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 539
Abstract
Recent advancements in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enable new and more complex analysis methods to be developed for early design stages. One such method is the isolated unsteady diffuser model, which seeks to reduce the computational cost of unsteady CFD when modeling diffusion [...] Read more.
Recent advancements in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enable new and more complex analysis methods to be developed for early design stages. One such method is the isolated unsteady diffuser model, which seeks to reduce the computational cost of unsteady CFD when modeling diffusion systems in centrifugal compressors with vaned diffusers by isolating the diffuser from the computational domain and prescribing an unsteady and periodic inlet boundary condition. An initial iteration of this computational methodology was developed and validated for the Centrifugal Stage for Aerodynamic Research (CSTAR) at the High-Speed Compressor Laboratory at Purdue University. However, that work showed discrepancies in flow structure predictions between full-stage and isolated unsteady CFD models, and it also presented a narrow scope of only a single loading condition. Thus, this work addresses the need for improvement in the modeling fidelity. The original methodology was expanded by including a more accurate, non-uniform definition of turbulence at the diffuser inlet and modeling several loading conditions ranging from choke to surge. Results from isolated unsteady diffuser models with non-uniform turbulence modeling were compared with uniform turbulence isolated unsteady diffuser models and full-stage unsteady models at four loading conditions along a speedline. Flow structure predictions by the three methodologies were compared using 1D parameters and outlet total pressure and midspan velocity contours. The comparisons indicate a significant improvement in 1D parameter and flow structure predictions by the isolated unsteady diffuser models at all four loading conditions when including more accurate non-uniform turbulence, without a corresponding increase in computational cost. Additionally, both isolated diffuser methodologies accurately track trends in 3D flow structures along the speedline. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 3385 KiB  
Article
An Analysis and Comparison of the Hydrodynamic Behavior of Ships Using Mesh-Based and Meshless Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations
by Davide Caccavaro, Bonaventura Tagliafierro, Gianluca Bilotta, José M. Domínguez, Alessio Caravella, Roberto Gaudio, Alfredo Cassano, Corrado Altomare and Agostino Lauria
Fluids 2024, 9(11), 266; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9110266 - 16 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1072
Abstract
This paper presents a comparison of two turbulence models implemented in two different frameworks (Eulerian and Lagrangian) in order to simulate the motion in calm water of a displacement hull. The hydrodynamic resistance is calculated using two open-source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software [...] Read more.
This paper presents a comparison of two turbulence models implemented in two different frameworks (Eulerian and Lagrangian) in order to simulate the motion in calm water of a displacement hull. The hydrodynamic resistance is calculated using two open-source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software packages: OpenFOAM and DualSPHysics. These two packages are employed with two different numerical treatments to introduce turbulence closure effects. The methodology includes rigorous validation using a Wigley hull with experimental data taken from the literature. Then, the validated frameworks are applied to model a ship hull with a 30 m length overall (LOA), and their results discussed, outlining the advantages and disadvantages of the two turbulence treatments. In conclusion, the resistance calculated with OpenFOAM offers the best compactness of results and a shorter simulation time, whereas DualSPHysics can better capture the free-surface deformations, preserving similar accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 10169 KiB  
Article
Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Vortex Shedding in Inert Flow over a Triangular Bluff Body
by Matthew R. McConnell, Jason Knight and James M. Buick
Fluids 2024, 9(11), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9110246 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 715
Abstract
The Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation (IDDES) is a modification of the original Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES) design to incorporate Wall Modeled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES) capabilities and to extend the class of flows suitable for this methodology. For thin attached boundary layers, typically seen [...] Read more.
The Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation (IDDES) is a modification of the original Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES) design to incorporate Wall Modeled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES) capabilities and to extend the class of flows suitable for this methodology. For thin attached boundary layers, typically seen in external aerodynamic flows, the DES branch of the model is active, whereas with thick boundary layers, typically seen in internal flows and also wake flows, the WMLES branch is active, thus providing a numeric method suited to handling most flow cases automatically. The flow over a triangular bluff body is used to validate the suitability of the IDDES model and compare the results with experimental, DDES, and LES data. The IDDES model is found to be relatively accurate when compared with the experimental results, with recirculation length, streamwise velocity, and Reynolds stresses all showing good agreement with the experimental data. However, when compared with the DDES model, there is a ~4% overprediction of the recirculation length using the same mesh and numerical scheme. The code, with its extra complexity, is also ~3% slower to solve. The IDDES model has also been tested against different meshes, and the results show that even for a coarse mesh, there is still good agreement with the experimental data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

23 pages, 6709 KiB  
Article
The Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) within the Agricultural Industry to Address General and Manufacturing Problems
by Navraj Hanspal and Steven A. Cryer
Fluids 2024, 9(8), 186; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9080186 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1641
Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a numerical tool often used to predict anticipated observations using only the physics involved by numerically solving the conservation equations for energy, momentum, and continuity. These governing equations have been around for more than one hundred years, but [...] Read more.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a numerical tool often used to predict anticipated observations using only the physics involved by numerically solving the conservation equations for energy, momentum, and continuity. These governing equations have been around for more than one hundred years, but only limited analytical solutions exist for specific geometries and conditions. CFD provides a numerical solution to these governing equations, and several commercial software and shareware versions exist that provide numerical solutions for customized geometries requiring solutions. Often, experiments are cost prohibitive and/or time consuming, or cannot even be performed, such as the explosion of a chemical plant, downwind air concentrations and the impact on residents and animals, contamination in a river from a point source loading following a train derailment, etc. A modern solution to these problems is the use of CFD to digitally evaluate the output for a given scenario. This paper discusses the use of CFD at Corteva and offers a flavor of the types of problems that can be solved in agricultural manufacturing for pesticides and environmental scenarios in which pesticides are used. Only a handful of examples are provided, but there is a near semi-infinite number of future possibilities to consider. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 8144 KiB  
Article
Deeper Flow Behavior Explanation of Temperature Effects on the Fluid Dynamic inside a Tundish
by Enif Gutiérrez, Saul Garcia-Hernandez, Rodolfo Morales Davila and Jose de Jesus Barreto
Fluids 2024, 9(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9010021 - 10 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2255
Abstract
The continuous casting tundish is non-isothermal due to heat losses and temperature variation from the inlet stream, which generate relevant convection forces. This condition is commonly avoided through qualitative fluid dynamic analysis only. This work searches to establish the conditions for which non-isothermal [...] Read more.
The continuous casting tundish is non-isothermal due to heat losses and temperature variation from the inlet stream, which generate relevant convection forces. This condition is commonly avoided through qualitative fluid dynamic analysis only. This work searches to establish the conditions for which non-isothermal simulations are mandatory or for which isothermal simulations are enough to accurately describe the fluid dynamics inside the tundish by quantifying the buoyant and inertial forces. The mathematical model, simulated by CFD software, considers the Navier-Stokes equations, the realizable k-ε model for solving the turbulence, and the Lagrangian discrete phase to track the inclusion trajectories. The results show that temperature does not significantly impact the volume fraction percentages or the mean residence time results; nevertheless, bigger velocity magnitudes under non-isothermal conditions than in isothermal conditions and noticeable changes in the fluid dynamics between isothermal and non-isothermal cases in all the zones where buoyancy forces dominate over inertial forces were observed. Because of the results, it is concluded that isothermal simulations can accurately describe the flow behavior in tundishes when the flow control devices control the fluid dynamics, but simulations without control devices or with a weak fluid dynamic dependence on the control devices require non-isothermal simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

30 pages, 16206 KiB  
Review
Literature Review on Single and Twin-Screw Extruders Design for Polymerization Using CFD Simulation
by Elham Delvar, Inês Oliveira, Margarida S. C. A. Brito, Cláudia G. Silva, Arantzazu Santamaria-Echart, Maria-Filomena Barreiro and Ricardo J. Santos
Fluids 2025, 10(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10010009 - 7 Jan 2025
Viewed by 706
Abstract
This work presents a comprehensive review of the evolution in modeling reactive extrusion (REx), tracing developments from early analytical models to advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Additionally, it highlights the key challenges and future directions in this field. Analytical models to describe [...] Read more.
This work presents a comprehensive review of the evolution in modeling reactive extrusion (REx), tracing developments from early analytical models to advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Additionally, it highlights the key challenges and future directions in this field. Analytical models to describe the velocity profiles were proposed in the 1950s, involving certain geometrical simplifications. However, numerical models of melt polymeric flow in extruders have proven to be crucial for optimizing screw design and predicting process characteristics. The state-of-the-art CFD models for single and twin-screw extruders design address the impact of geometry (type of mixing elements and geometrical simplifications of CFD geometries), pressure and temperature gradients, and quantification of mixing. Despite the extensive work conducted, modeling reactive extrusion using CFD remains challenging due to the intricate interplay of mixing, heat transfer, chemical reactions, and non-Newtonian fluid behavior under high shear and temperature gradients. These challenges are further intensified by the presence of multiphase flows and the complexity of extruder geometries. Future advancements should enhance simulation accuracy, incorporate multiphase flow models, and utilize real-time sensor data for adaptive modeling approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial CFD and Fluid Modelling in Engineering, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-10
Back to TopTop