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Geosciences
Special Issues
Development and Use of Databases to Analyze Geo-Hydrological Hazards
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Development and Use of Databases to Analyze Geo-Hydrological Hazards

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrogeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2022) | Viewed by 11268

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Carmela Vennari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNR-IRPI, Via Cavour, 4/6 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
Interests: geodatabase; natural hazards; landslide; flood; sinkhole; risk prevention; rainfall threshold
Dr. Giuseppe Esposito

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNR-IRPI, Via Cavour, 4/6, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
Interests: natural hazards; landslide; flood; active faults; sea cliff erosion; risk prevention; remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Emanuela Toto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Civil Protection Agency, Ministry of Defence, Rruga e Dibrës, 2423 Tiranë, Albania
Interests: natural hazards; floods; multihazard disaster databases; flood databases; disaster damages; economic loss from disasters

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Geo-hydrological processes are now widespread in many geomorphological contexts worldwide, also due to the effects of the ongoing climate change. They are causing numerous deaths, injuries, and considerable economic damage every year due to their impact on urban areas.

Susceptibility and hazard definition, as well as the consequent risk, are fundamental for an integrated management of natural hazards. To know where and when the phenomena may occur, as well as their possible magnitude and impact, reliable databases including historical events are often necessary. The spatial–temporal accuracy of the data in a database greatly influences their related use in hazard definition. However, the probability of temporal occurrence is the least known and most difficult to assess because there are few historical series covering significant periods and geographical areas. It is therefore necessary that a database should be rigorously built, based on reliable information and data, including all those elements required for the subsequent analyses.

In recent years, the European Community has issued a series of directives to achieve common objectives for geo-hydrological risk reduction (e.g., Flood Directive 2007/60/EC) and has defined a spatial data infrastructure at European level to avoid fragmentation, lack of harmonization, and duplication of datasets, information, and sources, stressing the importance of geodatabases (Inspire Directive 2007/2/EC). 

This Special Issue aims to focus the attention on the development and use of databases to record and analyze geo-hydrological hazards, including information about landslides, floods, sinkholes, coastal processes, and the related triggering conditions, such as hydro-meteorological, seismic or human factors. Authors are encouraged to submit articles describing data collection, accuracy and precision of the selected data, organization and type of databases (geospatial, relational, etc.), database peculiarity, and compliance with EC directives. Case studies focusing on integrated approaches, ranging from data collection to application aimed at assessing or reducing geo-hydrological hazards, are particularly welcome.

Dr. Carmela Vennari
Dr. Giuseppe Esposito
Dr. Emanuela Toto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geosciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • Database
  • Data accuracy
  • Geo-hydrological hazard
  • Historical events
  • Hydro-meteorological factors
  • Seismic triggering
  • Human processes
  • Data application
  • EC/EU disaster database related directives

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 731 KiB  
Article
Integrated Geomatics Surveying and Data Management in the Investigation of Slope and Fluvial Dynamics
by Carlotta Parenti, Paolo Rossi, Mauro Soldati, Francesca Grassi and Francesco Mancini
Geosciences 2022, 12(8), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12080293 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3611
Abstract
In mountain environments, slope and fluvial dynamics often interact, and their relationship can be investigated through an integrated methodological approach. Landslides are a source of supplying sediments into riverbeds and can interact or interrupt the water course. Water courses can trigger or re-activate [...] Read more.
In mountain environments, slope and fluvial dynamics often interact, and their relationship can be investigated through an integrated methodological approach. Landslides are a source of supplying sediments into riverbeds and can interact or interrupt the water course. Water courses can trigger or re-activate slope movements. The complexity of investigating the interaction between the two dynamics needs a complementarity of methods and techniques, combining remote and proximal sensing, geotechnical in situ surveys, and repositories and catalogue datasets. This leads to a synergistic use of all the heterogeneous data from different fields and formats. The present paper provides a literature review on the approaches and surveying procedures adopted in the investigation of slope and fluvial dynamics and highlights the need to improve the integrated management of geospatial information complemented by quality information. In this regard, we outline a geodatabase structure capable of handling the variety of geoscientific data available at different spatial and temporal scales, with derived products that are useful in integrated monitoring tasks. Indeed, the future adoption of a shared physical structure would allow the merging and synergistic use of data provided by different surveyors as well as the effective storing and sharing of datasets from a monitoring perspective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Use of Databases to Analyze Geo-Hydrological Hazards)
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21 pages, 5310 KiB  
Article
Collection, Standardization and Attribution of Robust Disaster Event Information—A Demonstrator of a National Event-Based Loss and Damage Database in Austria
by Matthias Themessl, Katharina Enigl, Stefan Reisenhofer, Judith Köberl, Dominik Kortschak, Steffen Reichel, Marc Ostermann, Stefan Kienberger, Dirk Tiede, David N. Bresch, Thomas Röösli, Dagmar Lehner, Chris Schubert, Andreas Pichler, Markus Leitner and Maria Balas
Geosciences 2022, 12(8), 283; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12080283 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2842
Abstract
Loss and damage databases are essential tools within the disaster risk management cycle for making informed decisions. However, even in data-rich countries such as Austria, no consistent and curated multi-hazard database is available. Based on the requirements of the United Nations, the European [...] Read more.
Loss and damage databases are essential tools within the disaster risk management cycle for making informed decisions. However, even in data-rich countries such as Austria, no consistent and curated multi-hazard database is available. Based on the requirements of the United Nations, the European Union, as well as on national demands to deal with disaster impacts, we conceived and set up a demonstrator for a consistent multi-hazard national event-based loss and damage database that addresses event identification, loss accounting and disaster forensics according to international standards. We built our database on already existing data from administration and federal agencies and formulated a process to combine those data in a synergetic way. Furthermore, we tested how earth observation and weather data could help to derive more robust disaster event information. Our demonstrator focuses on two Austrian federal provinces, three hazard types—floods, storms and mass movements—and the period between 2005 and 2018. By analyzing over 140.000 single event descriptions, we conclude that—despite some limitations in retrospective data harmonization—the implementation of a curated event-based national loss and damage database is feasible and adds significant value compared to the usage of single national datasets or existing international databases such as EM-DAT or the Risk Data Hub. With our demonstrator, we are able to support the national risk assessment, the national Sendai Monitoring and federal disaster risk management with the provision of best possible harmonized loss and damage information, tailored indicators and statistics as well as hazard impact maps on the municipality scale. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Use of Databases to Analyze Geo-Hydrological Hazards)
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24 pages, 6566 KiB  
Article
A Chronological Database about Natural and Anthropogenic Sinkholes in Italy
by Carmela Vennari and Mario Parise
Geosciences 2022, 12(5), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12050200 - 6 May 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3399
Abstract
Sinkholes are a widespread geological hazard, typical of karst lands, where they generally originate as collapse features related to presence of underground voids. Nevertheless, other types of sinkholes can be formed through solution, suffusion and sagging processes. Sinkholes can also be originated in [...] Read more.
Sinkholes are a widespread geological hazard, typical of karst lands, where they generally originate as collapse features related to presence of underground voids. Nevertheless, other types of sinkholes can be formed through solution, suffusion and sagging processes. Sinkholes can also be originated in relation to artificial cavities, excavated by man in past times. In Italy, sinkholes interest large sectors of the country, given the very long history of Italy with an intense utilization of the underground. They cause serious damage to infrastructures, economic activities, and human health every year. We present a catalogue on natural and anthropogenic sinkholes in Italy, as the first step toward evaluation of the sinkhole hazard. After introducing sinkholes, which is definitely a highly underrated type of disaster in Italy, we point out their occurrence in the country. We illustrate the methodology used to build the database, with particular focus on accuracy and reliability of the data. Collecting information from different types of sources, a catalogue of some 1190 sinkhole events is built. Database structure and data analysis are then illustrated. Eventually, we draw some conclusions on the likely uses of our work by providing recommendations for environmental management on this very delicate issue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Use of Databases to Analyze Geo-Hydrological Hazards)
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