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Heritage
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Protective Material Coatings for Cultural Heritage
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Protective Material Coatings for Cultural Heritage

A special issue of Heritage (ISSN 2571-9408).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 5216

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Anna Klisińska Kopacz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Laboratory of Analysis and Nondestructive Investigation of Heritage Objects, The National Museum in Krakow, Al. 3 Maja 1, 30-062 Cracow, Poland
Interests: non-invasive techniques for the analyses of cultural heritage; material characterization; x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy with conventional sources
Dr. Anna Ryguła

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Laboratory of Analysis and Nondestructive Investigation of Heritage Objects, The National Museum in Krakow, Al. 3 Maja 1, 30-062 Cracow, Poland
Interests: Raman spectroscopy; vibrational spectroscopy; heritage science; material characterization; protective coatings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cultural heritage objects are often exposed to threats that can compromise their integrity, causing damage and loss of value. In recent decades, an increased awareness of conservation requirements has contributed to developing protective coatings for movable and immovable cultural heritage objects. Consequently, to address degradation issues, this has led to developments from acrylic resins to modern polymeric coatings and corrosion inhibitors that are now used in new protective products.

We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Heritage. As a multidisciplinary publication, the issue will discuss the technical challenges and latest developments in protective coatings for stone, metal, glass, and polymer artifacts. The publication will become the leading resource on the subject, providing an up-to-date overview of current knowledge, new research, and areas of development, as well as ongoing discussions on the importance of protective coatings for the preservation of cultural heritage objects. The papers will be published in English and may review and update previous work or contain actual results.

We look forward to receiving your papers.

Dr. Anna Klisińska Kopacz
Dr. Anna Ryguła
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Heritage is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • protective coatings
  • cultural heritage
  • stones
  • metal
  • glass
  • art
  • varnish

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 4295 KiB  
Article
Detection of Protective Coatings Applied on Baroque Amber Artworks: Case Studies
by Anna Rygula, Anna Klisińska-Kopacz, Paulina Krupska-Wolas, Tomasz Wilkosz, Marta Matosz, Michał Obarzanowski, Karolina Skóra, Aldona Kopyciak and Julio M. del Hoyo-Meléndez
Heritage 2024, 7(8), 4109-4130; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage7080193 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 652
Abstract
Amber has been used to create decorative items for centuries, but its degradation presents challenges for conservators. This study identifies substances historically used to protect amber objects, especially those from 17th and 18th century Gdansk workshops. Despite their historical value, information on amber [...] Read more.
Amber has been used to create decorative items for centuries, but its degradation presents challenges for conservators. This study identifies substances historically used to protect amber objects, especially those from 17th and 18th century Gdansk workshops. Despite their historical value, information on amber conservation is scarce. Traditional substances are noted, but their exact compositions and effects on amber remain unclear. Synthetic resins, introduced in the late 19th century, also degrade, complicating conservation due to their removal difficulty and interference with amber identification. This research aimed to develop methods for detecting and analyzing protective coatings on amber objects using macroscopic and microscopic techniques. Initial methods included analytical photography under visible and UV light and reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS) to assess the surface. Raman spectroscopy (RS) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) were used for detailed analysis. RS provided precise layer-specific information but was sensitive to surface conditions, while XRF quickly identified inorganic compounds but not organic materials. Examining amber objects from Polish collections using this methodology revealed various protective substances, including synthetic resins and nitrocellulose varnishes. This research contributes to amber conservation by proposing a comprehensive material analysis approach, essential for developing effective conservation strategies for these historic objects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protective Material Coatings for Cultural Heritage)
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16 pages, 6991 KiB  
Article
Optimization of the Application of Commercial Hydrophobic Coatings for Natural Stone Protection and Preservation
by Hurraira Hashim, Luís Dias, Sérgio Martins, Vera Pires, Mafalda Costa and Pedro Barrulas
Heritage 2024, 7(7), 3495-3510; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage7070165 - 1 Jul 2024
Viewed by 682
Abstract
Natural stone has been used worldwide in the construction of archaeological and historical heritage. However, its preservation continues to be threatened by weathering and degradation phenomena. Water is widely recognized as the most threatening external component that contributes to stone deterioration, increasing the [...] Read more.
Natural stone has been used worldwide in the construction of archaeological and historical heritage. However, its preservation continues to be threatened by weathering and degradation phenomena. Water is widely recognized as the most threatening external component that contributes to stone deterioration, increasing the need for the development of protective hydrophobic coatings to eliminate water penetration. This study intends to contribute to the better understanding of natural stone treatment strategies to prevent water penetration and subsequent stone alteration by studying the effect of coating and stone substrate temperatures, and the number of coating applications, on the effectiveness, compatibility, and durability of commercial hydrophobic coatings. The results obtained revealed that while more than one application increases coating hydrophobic effectiveness, it frequently leads to changes in the aesthetic appearance of natural stone, including whitening and darkening of the substrate’s original hues. Improved hydrophobic effectiveness (maximum gain of ≈ 9%) is also achieved when applying the commercial coatings at 4 °C to natural stone substrates maintained at room temperature, conditions that are feasible to be used in real life. Additionally, the commercial coating composed of silane/siloxane with modified fluorinated additives was found to be the most effective and durable hydrophobic solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protective Material Coatings for Cultural Heritage)
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24 pages, 7690 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Colour Protectors in Urban Art Paintings under Different Conditions: From a Real Mural to the Laboratory
by Enrique M. Alonso-Villar, Teresa Rivas, José S. Pozo-Antonio, Giulia Pellis and Dominique Scalarone
Heritage 2023, 6(4), 3475-3498; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage6040185 - 1 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2384
Abstract
Contemporary muralism is one of the most widespread manifestations of urban art in cities nowadays. Loss of colour (fading) due to degradation of the pictorial materials is one of the main manifestations of deterioration in this type of artwork. However, the application of [...] Read more.
Contemporary muralism is one of the most widespread manifestations of urban art in cities nowadays. Loss of colour (fading) due to degradation of the pictorial materials is one of the main manifestations of deterioration in this type of artwork. However, the application of protective coatings is considered to slow down fading. In this study, two acrylic-based protective coatings were applied to selected areas of a real mural painted with six different alkyd paints and one acrylic paint. The impact of the protective coatings on the original paint colour and the long-term efficacy were evaluated. For purposes of comparison, the same protective coatings were applied to paint mock-ups prepared under controlled conditions and exposed to an outdoor environment with marine influence and to an ultraviolet aging test. At the end of the exposure periods, physical and chemical changes were evaluated using a multi-analytical approach based on stereomicroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Both protective coatings modified the original colour of the paints, with the impact being greater in the mural than in the mock-ups. The efficacy of the coatings as colour protectors is more appreciable in the most colour-stable paints. Thus, neither of the coatings provided good protection for the paints most sensitive to deterioration. The protective efficacy of the coatings was also influenced by their chemical composition and affinity for the painted surfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Protective Material Coatings for Cultural Heritage)
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