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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 13878

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Prof. Dr. Ai-Lun Yang

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Guest Editor

Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei 11153, Taiwan
Interests: exercise physiology; cardiovascular physiology; metabolic syndrome; cardiopulmonary function; aging; physical therapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are organizing a Special Issue on the impact of exercise intervention on cardiovascular health/disease, which is to be published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes articles and communications in the interdisciplinary area of environmental health sciences and public health. For more detailed information, we refer you to https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph.

Improving cardiovascular health/disease is an important issue for public health. Exercise is a well-known, non-pharmacological strategy for reducing cardiovascular risk factors and ameliorating cardiovascular disease. Different exercise interventions, including endurance and resistance training, have been suggested to elicit multiple beneficial effects on cardiovascular function. Additionally, they can reduce physiological markers of cardiovascular disease, such as high blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and autonomic cardiovascular damage. A broader understanding of the influence of exercise intervention on cardiovascular health/disease would contribute to improving public health.

This Special Issue is open to any subject area related to the impacts of exercise intervention on cardiovascular health/disease. The listed keywords suggest just a few of the many possibilities

Prof. Dr. Ai-Lun Yang
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

exercise training
physical activity
blood pressure
arterial stiffness
autonomic nervous system
athletic training
cardiovascular disease
aging

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 732 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Predictive Value of Cardiovascular Health Score for Health Outcomes in Patients with PCI: Comparison between Life’s Simple 7 and Life’s Essential 8

by Xueqin Gao, Xinrui Ma, Ping Lin, Yini Wang, Zhenjuan Zhao, Rui Zhang, Bo Yu and Yanhua Hao

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3084; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043084 - 10 Feb 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2475

Abstract

The American Heart Association recently published an updated algorithm for quantitative assessments of cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics, namely Life’s Essential 8 (LE8). This study aimed to compare the predictive value between Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) and LE8 and predict the likelihood of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to determine the utility of the LE8 in predicting CVH outcomes. A total of 339 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who had undergone PCI were enrolled to assess the CVH scores using the LS7 and LE8. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the predictive value of the two different CVH scoring systems at 2 years for MACEs. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that both the LS7 and LE8 scores were protective factors for MACEs (HR = 0.857, [95%CI: 0.78–0.94], HR = 0.964, [95%CI: 0.95–0.98]; p < 0.05, respectively). Receiver operator characteristic analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) of LE8 was higher than that of LS7 (AUC: 0.662 vs. 0.615, p < 0.05). Lastly, in the LE8 score, diet, sleep health, serum glucose levels, nicotine exposure, and physical activity were found to be correlated with MACEs (HR = 0.985, 0.988, 0.993, 0.994, 0.994, respectively). Our study established that LE8 is a more reliable assessment system for CVH. This population-based prospective study reports that an unfavorable cardiovascular health profile is associated with MACEs. Future research is warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of optimizing diet, sleep health, serum glucose levels, nicotine exposure, and physical activity in reducing the risk of MACEs. In conclusion, our findings corroborated the predictive value of Life’s Essential 8 and provided further evidence for the association between CVH and the risk of MACEs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Cardiovascular Health/Disease)

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12 pages, 2479 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Prehabilitation in Cardiovascular Surgery: The Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (Randomized Clinical Trial)

by Alexey N. Sumin, Pavel A. Oleinik, Andrey V. Bezdenezhnykh and Natalia A. Bezdenezhnykh

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2678; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032678 - 2 Feb 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2342

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of prehabilitation with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle status and exercise capacity in patients before cardiac surgery. Methods: Preoperative elective cardiac surgery patients were randomly assigned to the NMES group or control group. Intervention in the NMES group was 7–10 sessions, whereas the control group carried out breathing exercises and an educational program. The outcome measures included a six-minute walk test (6MWT) and a muscle status assessment (knee extensor strength (KES), knee flexor strength (KFS), and handgrip strength (HS)) after the course of prehabilitation. Results: A total of 122 patients (NMES, n = 62; control, n = 60) completed the study. During the NMES course, no complications occurred. After the course prehabilitation KES, KFS, and 6MWT distance were significantly increased (all p < 0.001) in the NMES group compared to the control. There was no significant difference in HS before surgery. Conclusions: A short-term NMES course before cardiac surgery is feasible, safe, and effective to improve preoperative functional capacity (six-minute walk distance) and the strength of stimulated muscles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Cardiovascular Health/Disease)

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14 pages, 766 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Acute Aquatic High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women with Different ACE Genotypes

by Wen-Sheng Zhou, Ai-Lun Yang, Chiao-Nan Chen, Nai-Wen Kan, Joanna Ting-Hui Kuo, Lee-Hwa Chen and Kuei-Yu Chien

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 8985; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158985 - 23 Jul 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2246

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of acute aquatic high-intensity intermittent jumping (HIIJ) on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women with different angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes (ACE). We recruited 12 postmenopausal women carrying the ACE deletion/deletion (DD) genotype and 61 carrying the insertion/insertion or insertion/deletion (II/ID) genotype. The participants performed 12 trials of 30 s, 75% heart rate reserve (HRR) jumping, and 60 s, 50% HRR recovery, and 3 trials of 40 s upper limb resistance exercises were performed as fast as possible. The heart rate (HR) and BP were measured before exercise, immediately, 10 min, and 45 min after exercise. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured before and after exercise. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the DD genotype increased more significantly than those with the II/ID genotype post-exercise (30.8 ± 4.48 vs. 20.4 ± 2.00 mmHg, p = 0.038). The left and right sides of baPWV increased significantly after exercise (1444.8 ± 29.54 vs. 1473.4 ± 32.36 cm/s, p = 0.020; 1442.1 ± 30.34 vs. 1472.0 ± 33.09, p = 0.011), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The HIIJ increased baPWV. The postmenopausal women with the DD genotype have a higher SBP increased post-exercise than those with II/ID genotype. These findings suggest that the aquatic exercise program has better effects in decreasing blood pressure in postmenopausal women with the II/ID genotype. Those with the DD genotype should pay attention to the risk of increasing blood pressure after aquatic HIIJ exercise. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Cardiovascular Health/Disease)

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15 pages, 4317 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Perch Essence Supplementation on Improving Exercise Performance and Anti-Fatigue in Mice

by Mon-Chien Lee, Yi-Ju Hsu, Yu-Qian Lin, Ling-Ni Chen, Mu-Tsung Chen and Chi-Chang Huang

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1155; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031155 - 20 Jan 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3201

Abstract

Silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) has many nutrition and health benefits, being a rich source of macro and micronutrients, phospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a variety of essential minerals while having a high protein content. In addition to direct consumption, it is often made into a soup as an important nutritional supplement for strengthening the body and delaying fatigue. By extracting the essence, its quality can be controlled, and it is convenient to supplement. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Santé premium silver perch essence (SPSPE) on improving exercise performance and anti-fatigue. Fifty male institute of cancer research (ICR) mice were divided into five groups (n = 10/group): (1) vehicle (vehicle control or water only), (2) isocaloric (0.93 g casein/kg/mice/day), (3) SPSPE-1X (0.99 g/kg/mice/day), (4) SPSPE-2X (1.98 g/kg/mice/day), and (5) SPSPE-5X (4.95 g/kg/mice/day). A sample or an equal volume of liquid was fed orally for four consecutive weeks. Grip strength and swimming exhaustion tests were used as exercise performance assessments. After 10 and 90 min of unloaded swimming, biochemical parameters of fatigue were evaluated. We found that supplementation with SPSPE for four consecutive weeks could significantly improve mice’s grip strength, exercise endurance performance, and glycogen content (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced post-exercise fatigue biochemical parameters, such as lactate, blood ammonia (NH₃), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration, and muscle damage index creatine kinase (CK) activity (p < 0.05). In summary, supplementation with SPSPE for 4 weeks could effectively improve exercise performance, reduce sports fatigue, and accelerate fatigue recovery. In addition, it did not cause any physiological or histopathological damage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Cardiovascular Health/Disease)

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12 pages, 687 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Training-Associated Superior Visuomotor Integration Performance in Elite Badminton Players after Adjusting for Cardiovascular Fitness

by Yi-Liang Chen, Jen-Hao Hsu, Dana Hsia-Ling Tai and Zai-Fu Yao

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(1), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010468 - 1 Jan 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2640

Abstract

Badminton is recognized as the fastest racket sport in the world based on the speed of the birdie which can travel up to 426 km per hour. On the badminton court, players are not only required to track the moving badminton birdie (visual tracking and information integration) but also must anticipate the exact timing to hit it back (temporal estimation). However, the association of training experience related to visuomotor integration or temporal prediction ability remains unclear. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by examining the association between training experience and visuomotor performances after adjusting for age, education, and cardiovascular fitness levels. Twenty-eight professional badminton players were asked to perform a compensatory tracking task and a time/movement estimation task for measuring visuomotor integration and temporal prediction, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed a strong association between training experience and performance on visuomotor integration, indicating badminton training may be promoted to develop visuomotor integration ability. Furthermore, the regression model suggests training experience explains 32% of visuomotor integration performances. These behavioral findings suggest badminton training may facilitate the perceptual–cognitive performance related to visuomotor integration. Our findings highlight the potential training in visuomotor integration may apply to eye–hand coordination performance in badminton sport. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Cardiovascular Health/Disease)

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