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Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management
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Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 8663

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lukasz Kuzma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
Interests: coronary artery disease; atrial fibrillation; heart failure; strokes; air pollution; prevention; public health; cerebrovascular disease; climate change

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Cardiovascular disease represents the greatest threat to the health and lives of those living in developed countries. However, while special attention is being paid to the proper control of medical risk factors and lifestyle changes as prophylactic measures used to treat cardiovascular diseases, environmental and socioeconomic factors are often ignored. However, in the light of modern studies, their health impact is indisputable. 

This Special Issue is devoted to the latest findings in cardiovascular studies and seeks to establish the current scientific knowledge of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (in particular, air pollution and climate change) and novel invasive therapies. This Special Issue also welcomes papers on the effects of the prevention of these diseases and of the new invasive intervention therapies on patients’ quality of life and mortality. 

Particular attention will be paid to the assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease. 

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, environmental and socio-economic risk factors and new therapies that explore the following conditions:

  • Coronary artery disease;
  • Atrial fibrillation;
  • Cerebrovascular disease;
  • Heart failure; 
  • Kidney disease.

We encourage you to submit original research studies, as well as reviews, to improve our knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and the role of new therapies and interventions, to improve our clinical practice, and finally, to influence health policy development.

Dr. Lukasz Kuzma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • air pollution
  • climate change
  • prevention
  • mortality
  • coronary artery disease
  • atrial fibrillation
  • stroke
  • COVID-19

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3021 KiB  
Article
Surgical Management, Prevention and Outcomes for Aneurysms of Arteriovenous Dialysis Fistulas: A Case Series Study and Review
by Adam Płoński, Adam Filip Płoński and Jerzy Głowiński
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(13), 6256; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20136256 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3361
Abstract
The escalating population of individuals afflicted with end-stage renal disease necessitates the provision of secure and efficacious vascular access for hemodialysis, with arteriovenous fistulas representing a preferred option. Nonetheless, the creation of dialysis fistulas may entail complications, including the occurrence of fistula aneurysms [...] Read more.
The escalating population of individuals afflicted with end-stage renal disease necessitates the provision of secure and efficacious vascular access for hemodialysis, with arteriovenous fistulas representing a preferred option. Nonetheless, the creation of dialysis fistulas may entail complications, including the occurrence of fistula aneurysms that may require surgical intervention. This study included eight patients with large aneurysms of dialysis fistulas and aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of classic, endovascular, or hybrid methods for fistula reconstruction or ligation, depending on the indications. Vascular interventions were performed on patients on chronic hemodialysis and on those in whom hemodialysis was discontinued due to the proper functioning of the transplanted kidney. Performed procedures were considered safe and effective. The reconstructed fistulas provided the patients with patent vascular access, allowing for continued hemodialysis. No re-aneurysmal dilatation of the reconstructed or ligated fistulas was observed. Regular monitoring of dialysis fistulas is crucial to detect complications in time. Guidelines should be established to specify the dimensions at which fistula aneurysm should be excised and whether to remove asymptomatic aneurysms at all. For patients who have undergone kidney transplantation, outlines should indicate when the fistula should be preserved and when it should be ligated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management)
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20 pages, 908 KiB  
Article
Community Health Worker-Led Cardiovascular Disease Risk Screening and Referral for Care and Further Management in Rural and Urban Communities in Rwanda
by Jean Berchmans Niyibizi, Seleman Ntawuyirushintege, Jean Pierre Nganabashaka, Ghislaine Umwali, David Tumusiime, Evariste Ntaganda, Stephen Rulisa and Charlotte Munganyinka Bavuma
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(9), 5641; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20095641 - 25 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2215
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health issue. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are facing early CVD-related morbidity. Early diagnosis and treatment are an effective strategy to tackle CVD. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of community health workers [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health issue. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are facing early CVD-related morbidity. Early diagnosis and treatment are an effective strategy to tackle CVD. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of community health workers (CHWs) to screen and identify persons with high risks of CVD in the communities, using a body mass index (BMI)-based CVD risk assessment tool, and to refer them to the health facility for care and follow-up. This was an action research study conducted in rural and urban communities, conveniently sampled in Rwanda. Five villages were randomly selected from each community, and one CHW per each selected village was identified and trained to conduct CVD risk screening using a BMI-based CVD risk screening tool. Each CHW was assigned to screen 100 fellow community members (CMs) for CVD risk and to refer those with CVD risk scores ≥10 (either moderate or high CVD risk) to a health facility for care and further management. Descriptive statistics with Pearson’s chi-square test were used to assess any differences between rural and urban study participants vis-à-vis the key studied variables. Spearman’s rank coefficient and Cohen’s Kappa coefficient were mainly used to compare the CVD risk scoring from the CHWs with the CVD risk scoring from the nurses. Community members aged 35 to 74 years were included in the study. The participation rates were 99.6% and 99.4% in rural and urban communities, respectively, with female predominance (57.8% vs. 55.3% for rural and urban, p-value: 0.426). Of the participants screened, 7.4% had a high CVD risk (≥20%), with predominance in the rural community compared to the urban community (8.0% vs. 6.8%, p-value: 0.111). Furthermore, the prevalence of moderate or high CVD risk (≥10%) was higher in the rural community than in the urban community (26.7% vs. 21.1%, p-value: 0.111). There was a strong positive correlation between CHW-based CVD risk scoring and nurse-based CVD risk scoring in both rural and urban communities, 0.6215 (p-value < 0.001) vs. 0.7308 (p-value = 0.005). In regard to CVD risk characterization, the observed agreement to both the CHW-generated 10-year CVD risk assessment and the nurse-generated 10-year CVD risk assessment was characterized as “fair” in both rural and urban areas at 41.6% with the kappa statistic of 0.3275 (p-value < 001) and 43.2% with kappa statistic of 0.3229 (p-value =0.057), respectively. In Rwanda, CHWs can screen their fellow CMs for CVD risk and link those with high CVD risk to the healthcare facility for care and follow-up. CHWs could contribute to the prevention of CVDs through early diagnosis and early treatment at the bottom of the health system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management)
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Review

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12 pages, 1820 KiB  
Review
Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Comparing Medtronic’s Evolut PRO and Evolut R: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
by Mirosław Gozdek, Łukasz Kuźma, Emil Julian Dąbrowski, Michał Janiak, Martyna Pietrzak, Karolina Skonieczna, Mikołaj Woźnica, Lidia Wydeheft, Maged Makhoul, Matteo Matteucci, Radosław Litwinowicz, Adam Kowalówka, Wojciech Wańha, Michał Pasierski, Daniele Ronco, Giulio Massimi, Federica Jiritano, Dario Fina, Gennaro Martucci, Giuseppe Maria Raffa, Piotr Suwalski, Roberto Lorusso, Paolo Meani and Mariusz Kowalewskiadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3439; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043439 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2524
Abstract
Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a broadly acceptable alternative to AV surgery in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). New valve designs are becoming available to address the shortcomings of their predecessors and improve clinical outcomes. Methods: A systematic review and [...] Read more.
Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a broadly acceptable alternative to AV surgery in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). New valve designs are becoming available to address the shortcomings of their predecessors and improve clinical outcomes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to compare Medtronic’s Evolut PRO, a new valve, with the previous Evolut R design. Procedural, functional and clinical endpoints according to the VARC-2 criteria were assessed. Results: Eleven observational studies involving N = 12,363 patients were included. Evolut PRO patients differed regarding age (p < 0.001), sex (p < 0.001) and STS–PROM estimated risk. There was no difference between the two devices in terms of TAVI-related early complications and clinical endpoints. A 35% reduction of the risk of moderate-to-severe paravalvular leak (PVL) favoring the Evolut PRO was observed (RR 0.66, 95%CI, [0.52, 0.86] p = 0.002; I2 = 0%). Similarly, Evolut PRO-treated patients demonstrated a reduction of over 35% in the risk of serious bleeding as compared with the Evolut R (RR 0.63, 95%CI, [0.41, 0.96]; p = 0.03; I2 = 39%), without differences in major vascular complications. Conclusions: The evidence shows good short-term outcomes of both the Evolut PRO and Evolut R prostheses, with no differences in clinical and procedural endpoints. The Evolut PRO was associated with a lower rate of moderate-to-severe PVL and major bleeding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management)
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