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Molecular Mechanisms of Herbal Compounds in Neuroprotection

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2024) | Viewed by 1824

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40438, Taiwan
Interests: neurodegenerative disorders; Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; behavioral pharmacology; neuropharmacology; antioxidants; neuroinflammation; pharmacognosy; medicinal herbs
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) titled “Molecular Mechanisms of Herbal Compounds in Neuroprotection”. This issue aims to showcase a curated collection of cutting-edge research and contemporary review articles that advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective properties of herbal compounds.

Herbal compounds encompass a diverse array of natural substances, including flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids. These compounds have gained attention for their potential neuroprotective effects, offering promising avenues for combating neurodegenerative diseases. These compounds exert their effects through multifaceted mechanisms. They activate antioxidative pathways to combat neuronal oxidative stress and modulate inflammatory pathways to mitigate neuroinflammation. Furthermore, they promote the production of neurotrophic factors to support neuronal growth, survival, and plasticity. Additionally, they enhance mitochondrial function, thereby boosting cellular energy production and resilience. Moreover, they regulate exosome-mediated intercellular communication to influence neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal survival. By targeting these intricate pathways, herbal compounds offer promising therapeutic avenues for neuroprotection and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The proposed topic of this Special Issue focuses on the molecular mechanisms of herbal compounds in neuroprotection. In addition to the aforementioned mechanisms, we hope to publish articles exploring new molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of herbal compounds or articles on newly discovered herbal compounds with neuroprotective properties.

Prof. Dr. Chi-Rei Wu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • herbal compounds
  • neuroprotection
  • neurodegeneration
  • oxidative stress
  • apoptosis
  • autophagy
  • pyroptosis
  • mitophagy
  • inflammasomes
  • exososme

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

36 pages, 15053 KiB  
Article
Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Insights into the Potential of Mitragyna speciosa for Alzheimer’s Disease
by Rahni Hossain, Kunwadee Noonong, Manit Nuinoon, Hideyuki J. Majima, Komgrit Eawsakul, Pradoldej Sompol, Md. Atiar Rahman and Jitbanjong Tangpong
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 13201; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252313201 - 8 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1459
Abstract
Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Havil (MS) has a traditional use in relieving pain, managing hypertension, treating cough, and diarrhea, and as a morphine substitute in addiction recovery. Its potential in addressing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition with no effective treatments, is under investigation. [...] Read more.
Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Havil (MS) has a traditional use in relieving pain, managing hypertension, treating cough, and diarrhea, and as a morphine substitute in addiction recovery. Its potential in addressing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition with no effective treatments, is under investigation. This study aims to explore MS mechanisms in treating AD through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro studies. Using network pharmacology, we identified 19 MS components that may affect 60 AD-related targets. The compound–target network highlighted significant interactions among 60 nodes and 470 edges, with an average node degree of 15.7. The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed Alzheimer’s disease (hsa05010) as a relevant pathway. We connected 20 targets to tau and β-amyloid proteins through gene expression data from the AlzData database. Docking studies demonstrated high binding affinities of MS compounds like acetylursolic acid, beta-sitosterol, isomitraphylline, and speciophylline to AD-related proteins, such as AKT1, GSK3B, NFκB1, and BACE1. In vitro studies showed that ethanolic (EE), distilled water (DWE), and pressurized hot water (PHWE) extracts of MS-treated 100 μM H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells significantly reduced oxidative damage. This research underscores the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway effects of MS on AD, providing insights for future research and potential clinical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Herbal Compounds in Neuroprotection)
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