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Molecular Research on Sjögren’s Syndrome: From Pathogenesis to Therapy

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Guest Editor
Third Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Rheumatology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș”, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
Interests: inflammatory rheumatic diseases (especially Sjögren's syndrome and systemic sclerosis); intracellular signaling pathways; micro- and macrovascular involvement in inflammatory rheumatic diseases; nailfold capillaroscopy in inflammatory rheumatic diseases; atherosclerosis associated with inflammatory rheumatic diseases
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) represents a systemic rheumatic disorder with autoimmune pathogenesis characterized by the sicca complex (xerostomia and xerophthalmia). It can be primary SS (pSS), appearing alone, or secondary SS (sSS), associated with another autoimmune disease (especially systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis). The interaction between the genetic predisposition and the intervention of some environmental factors activates the immune system (innate and adaptive immunity), leading to chronic inflammation and the destruction of glandular parenchyma, which is responsible for the manifestations of this condition. The molecular mechanisms involved in salivary gland dysfunction, extraglandular manifestations and the development of complications have not been completely known until now. The identification of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the clinical manifestations and complications of this disorder may contribute to the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies. In this Special Issue titled “Molecular Research on Sjögren's Syndrome, from Pathogenesis to Therapy”, we aim to publish articles related to molecular mechanisms involved in the appearance of this disorder and its complications. Articles related to the involvement of T and B cells, macrophage, dendritic cells, salivary gland epithelial cells, inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, antibodies), and intracellular signaling pathways (IFN, TLR, BAFF/BAFF-R, PI3K/Akt/mTOR) are invited. By identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying this disorder, new biomarkers, diagnostic tools, and treatment options can be found. 

Dr. Alexandru Emil Caraba
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Sjögren's syndrome
  • salivary glands
  • lacrimal glands
  • T and B cells
  • macrophage, dendritic cells, salivary gland epithelial cells
  • inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, antibodies)
  • intracellular signaling pathways (IFN, TLR, BAFF/BAFF-R, PI3K/Akt/mTOR)
  • atherosclerosis
  • lymphoma
  • novel therapeutic strategies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 930 KiB  
Article
Salivary Flow Rate in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome: Correlations with Salivary Gland Ultrasound Findings and Biomarkers of Disease Activity
by Alexandru Caraba, Deiana Roman, Viorica Crișan, Stela Iurciuc and Mircea Iurciuc
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010101 - 26 Dec 2024
Viewed by 513
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a slowly progressive, chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition characterized by the affliction of the exocrine glands, with issues that derive from it markedly decreasing the quality of life of these patients. Salivary gland involvement can be identified through imaging methods. [...] Read more.
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a slowly progressive, chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition characterized by the affliction of the exocrine glands, with issues that derive from it markedly decreasing the quality of life of these patients. Salivary gland involvement can be identified through imaging methods. Among them, salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) is used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in pSS. The aim of the present study was to assess the salivary flow rate and correlations between it and SGUS findings and markers of pSS activity. A total of 112 patients with pSS and 56 healthy subjects were included in this study. All patients underwent investigations including the measurement of serum autoantibodies, salivary flow rate determination, and ultrasonographic evaluation. SGUS modifications had a strong inverse correlation with salivary flow (r = −68.002, p < 0.0001) and a positive, strong correlation with IL-6 and Beta-2-microglobulin (r = −0.78 and r = −0.84, respectively, p < 0.001 in both cases). The SGUS findings were also strongly and positively correlated with the ESSDAI (r = −0.88, p < 0.0001) and Focus scores (r = −0.82, p < 0.0001). SGUS represents a non-invasive means of assessing the state of the salivary glands and, implicitly, the salivary flow of patients, offering valuable insights into disease progression and steps that can be taken in order to improve patients’ quality of life. Full article
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