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The Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine
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The Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Nanoscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2025 | Viewed by 4684

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Gangho Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
Interests: nanoparticle; biomedicine; imaging; therapy; nanomaterial
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoparticles, nanomaterials, nanorods, core–shell nanoparticles, and hybrid nanoparticles have been extensively studied for various biomedical applications. Their applications are diverse such as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT), drug delivery, fluorescent imaging, biolabeling, biosensing, etc. Their properties are superior to conventional molecules and chelates. There have been many reports regarding their synthesis, characterization, and applications, demonstrating their unique and advanced properties, which are extremely useful for the diagnosis of diseases.

The aim of this Special Issue is to report a variety of nanoparticles and nanomaterials that can be applied to biomedicine, nanomedicine, and nanobiology. These include the synthesis of nanoparticles and nanomaterials and their characterizations using various techniques, surface modifications, and in vitro and in vivo applications. Surface modification with hydrophilic and biocompatible ligands is essential for their biomedical applications. This Special Issue will cover a variety of nanoparticles and nanomaterials that can be applied to biomedicine, nanomedicine, and nanobiology.

Prof. Dr. Gangho Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • nanoparticle
  • nanomaterial
  • biomedicine
  • imaging
  • therapy
  • contrast agent
  • therapeutic agent

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4582 KiB  
Article
Silver Nanoparticles Encapped by Dihydromyricetin: Optimization of Green Synthesis, Characterization, Toxicity, and Anti-MRSA Infection Activities for Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
by Ling-Xiao Qi, Xue-Ting Wang, Jin-Ping Huang, Ting-Yan Yue, Yun-Shu Lu, Dong-Mei San, Yu-Xun Xu, Ya-Tong Han, Xiang-Yi Guo, Wei-Dong Xie and Yan-Xia Zhou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5255; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105255 - 11 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1707
Abstract
To achieve the environmentally friendly and rapid green synthesis of efficient and stable AgNPs for drug-resistant bacterial infection, this study optimized the green synthesis process of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Dihydromyricetin (DMY). Then, we assessed the impact of AgNPs on zebrafish embryo development, [...] Read more.
To achieve the environmentally friendly and rapid green synthesis of efficient and stable AgNPs for drug-resistant bacterial infection, this study optimized the green synthesis process of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Dihydromyricetin (DMY). Then, we assessed the impact of AgNPs on zebrafish embryo development, as well as their therapeutic efficacy on zebrafish infected with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light-scattering (DLS) analyses revealed that AgNPs possessed an average size of 23.6 nm, a polymer dispersity index (PDI) of 0.197 ± 0.0196, and a zeta potential of −18.1 ± 1.18 mV. Compared to other published green synthesis products, the optimized DMY-AgNPs exhibited smaller sizes, narrower size distributions, and enhanced stability. Furthermore, the minimum concentration of DMY-AgNPs required to affect zebrafish hatching and survival was determined to be 25.0 μg/mL, indicating the low toxicity of DMY-AgNPs. Following a 5-day feeding regimen with DMY-AgNP-containing food, significant improvements were observed in the recovery of the gills, intestines, and livers in MRSA-infected zebrafish. These results suggested that optimized DMY-AgNPs hold promise for application in aquacultures and offer potential for further clinical use against drug-resistant bacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine)
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Review

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33 pages, 18599 KiB  
Review
High Quantum Yields and Biomedical Fluorescent Imaging Applications of Photosensitized Trivalent Lanthanide Ion-Based Nanoparticles
by Tirusew Tegafaw, Dejun Zhao, Ying Liu, Huan Yue, Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi, Ahrum Baek, Jihyun Kim, Yongmin Chang and Gang Ho Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11419; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111419 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1208
Abstract
In recent years, significant advances in enhancing the quantum yield (QY) of trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+) ion-based nanoparticles have been achieved through photosensitization, using host matrices or capping organic ligands as photosensitizers to absorb incoming photons and transfer energy to the Ln [...] Read more.
In recent years, significant advances in enhancing the quantum yield (QY) of trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+) ion-based nanoparticles have been achieved through photosensitization, using host matrices or capping organic ligands as photosensitizers to absorb incoming photons and transfer energy to the Ln3+ ions. The Ln3+ ion-based nanoparticles possess several excellent fluorescent properties, such as nearly constant transition energies, atomic-like sharp transitions, long emission lifetimes, large Stokes shifts, high photostability, and resistance to photobleaching; these properties make them more promising candidates as next-generation fluorescence probes in the visible region, compared with other traditional materials such as organic dyes and quantum dots. However, their QYs are generally low and thus need to be improved to facilitate and extend their applications. Considerable efforts have been made to improve the QYs of Ln3+ ion-based nanoparticles through photosensitization. These efforts include the doping of Ln3+ ions into host matrices or capping the nanoparticles with organic ligands. Among the Ln3+ ion-based nanoparticles investigated in previous studies, this review focuses on those containing Eu3+, Tb3+, and Dy3+ ions with red, green, and yellow emission colors, respectively. The emission intensities of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions are stronger than those of other Ln3+ ions; therefore, the majority of the reported studies focused on Eu3+ and Tb3+ ion-based nanoparticles. This review discusses the principles of photosensitization, several examples of photosensitized Ln3+ ion-based nanoparticles, and in vitro and in vivo biomedical fluorescent imaging (FI) applications. This information provides valuable insight into the development of Ln3+ ion-based nanoparticles with high QYs through photosensitization, with future potential applications in biomedical FI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine)
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30 pages, 7248 KiB  
Review
Progress in Research of Nanotherapeutics for Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Cancer
by Ayitila Maimaitijiang, Dongze He, Dingyang Li, Wenfang Li, Zhengding Su, Zhongxiong Fan and Jinyao Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 9973; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189973 - 16 Sep 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1119
Abstract
Chemotherapy has been widely applied in oncotherapy. However, the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) has diminished the effectiveness of anticancer drugs against tumor cells. Such resistance often results in tumor recurrence, metastasis, and patient death. Fortunately, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems provide a promising [...] Read more.
Chemotherapy has been widely applied in oncotherapy. However, the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) has diminished the effectiveness of anticancer drugs against tumor cells. Such resistance often results in tumor recurrence, metastasis, and patient death. Fortunately, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems provide a promising strategy by codelivery of multiple drugs and MDR reversal agents and the skillful, flexible, smart modification of drug targets. Such systems have demonstrated the ability to bypass the ABC transporter biological efflux mechanisms due to drug resistance. Hence, how to deliver drugs and exert potential antitumor effects have been successfully explored, applied, and developed. Furthermore, to overcome multidrug resistance, nanoparticle-based systems have been developed due to their good therapeutic effect, low side effects, and high tumor metastasis inhibition. In view of this, we systematically discuss the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of MDR from nanotherapeutics. Finally, we summarize intriguing ideas and future trends for further research in overcoming MDR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine)
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