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New Molecular Mechanisms in the Development of Brain Tumors and Metastases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 1512

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Medical Oncology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 80027 Frattamaggiore, Naples, Italy
Interests: cancer biology; treatment; tumors; oncology; neurology; cancer therapy; chemotherapy; neuro-oncology; glioblastoma
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Guest Editor
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: noncoding RNAs; micro-RNAs; prostate cancer; nanotechnological delivery of anticancer drugs and nucleic acids; diagnostic markers in cancer; urotensin II receptor; next-generation sequencing; predictive markers of response; circulating tumor cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Brain tumors and metastases are among the most lethal neoplasms. Enhanced understanding of the molecular biology of both primary and secondary central nervous system tumors has led to changes in their clinical approach. However, despite these advances, patients with brain tumors have a poor prognosis.

The aim of this Special Issue is to draw attention to the state of the art of scientific research in the study of brain tumors. Particular emphasis will be placed on the most common primary brain tumor of adult age: glioblastoma. Importantly, knowledge about the molecular changes and heterogeneity of glioblastoma together with advances in the understanding of the cellular and molecular characteristics of its physiological barriers (above all the blood–brain barrier) represent new challenges in the treatment of glioblastoma patients. Contributions that examine the genetic and epigenetic landscape of glioblastoma, which may provide insights into its known heterogeneity and resilience, are welcome to be submitted. Knowledge of the tumor microenvironment, the blood–brain barrier, and new gene mutations could help to achieve this objective. Particular emphasis will also be placed on non-coding RNAs (i.e., microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) in the definition of the growth, spreading, and chemo-radio and immunological resistance of brain tumors. The goal of this Special Issue is to discuss new research opportunities that can lead to precise and personalized medicine for these tumors, with a clear improvement in both the quality of life and survival of patients.

This Special Issue is supervised by Dr. Raffaele Addeo and Dr. Michele Caraglia, assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Dr. Marianna Abate (University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”).

Dr. Raffaele Addeo
Prof. Dr. Michele Caraglia
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • brain tumor
  • brain metastasis
  • blood–brain barrier
  • target therapy
  • cancer molecular biology
  • brain tumor microenvironment
  • molecular biomarkers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 5641 KiB  
Article
The Large GTPase Guanylate-Binding Protein-1 (GBP-1) Promotes Mitochondrial Fission in Glioblastoma
by Ryan C. Kalb, Geoffrey O. Nyabuto, Michael P. Morran, Swagata Maity, Jacob S. Justinger, Andrea L. Nestor-Kalinoski and Deborah J. Vestal
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(20), 11236; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011236 - 19 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1217
Abstract
Glioblastomas (aka Glioblastoma multiformes (GBMs)) are the most deadly of the adult brain tumors. Even with aggressive treatment, the prognosis is extremely poor. The large GTPase Guanylate-Binding Protein-1 (GBP-1) contributes to the poor prognosis of GBM by promoting migration and invasion. GBP-1 is [...] Read more.
Glioblastomas (aka Glioblastoma multiformes (GBMs)) are the most deadly of the adult brain tumors. Even with aggressive treatment, the prognosis is extremely poor. The large GTPase Guanylate-Binding Protein-1 (GBP-1) contributes to the poor prognosis of GBM by promoting migration and invasion. GBP-1 is substantially localized to the cytosolic side of the outer membrane of mitochondria in GBM cells. Because mitochondrial dynamics, particularly mitochondrial fission, can drive cell migration and invasion, the potential interactions between GBP-1 and mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) were explored. Drp1 is the major driver of mitochondrial fission. While GBP-1 and Drp1 both had punctate distributions within the cytoplasm and localized to regions of the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane of GBM cells, the proteins were only molecularly co-localized at the mitochondria. Subcellular fractionation showed that the presence of elevated GBP-1 promoted the movement of Drp1 from the cytosol to the mitochondria. The migration of U251 cells treated with the Drp1 inhibitor, Mdivi-1, was less inhibited in the cells with elevated GBP-1. Elevated GBP-1 in GBM cells resulted in shorter and wider mitochondria, most likely from mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission can drive several important cellular processes, including cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Full article
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