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Bile Acids in Gut Health

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2023) | Viewed by 2305

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
Interests: metabolism; gene expression and signalling; bile; mass spectrometry; systems; microbes; host-microbe interactions; molecular biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cholesterol is an essential substance in the body that can never be destroyed. One of the ways the body deals with cholesterol is to convert and empty it into bile acid, a circulating and cross-talk entity, influencing a range of different and diverse functions in metabolism, as well as in cell and tissue homeostasis and development. Indeed, emptying bile acids into the gut is where they begin to excel, not just in their signaling capacity, but also in interactions with microbes to increase the suite of moieties and therefore alter potential outcomes both locally and in circulation. This Special Issue on bile acids will explore the diverse range and functionality of bile acids and the implications for gut health and disease across different spectrums from dietary influences and infection to housekeeping (including circadian rhythm, fitness, sickness, and health), as well as manipulation and potential towards therapeutic treatments.

Dr. Susan A. Joyce
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 4538 KiB  
Article
FXR Maintains the Intestinal Barrier and Stemness by Regulating CYP11A1-Mediated Corticosterone Synthesis in Biliary Obstruction Diseases
by Zequn Li, Haijiang Dong, Suchen Bian, Hao Wu, Wenfeng Song, Xing Jia, Jian Chen, Xingxin Zhu, Long Zhao, Zefeng Xuan, Cheng Jin, Mengqiao Zhou, Shusen Zheng and Penghong Song
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13494; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713494 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1927
Abstract
Biliary obstruction diseases are often complicated by an impaired intestinal barrier, which aggravates liver injury. Treatment of the intestinal barrier is often neglected. To investigate the mechanism by which intestinal bile acid deficiency mediates intestinal barrier dysfunction after biliary obstruction and identify a [...] Read more.
Biliary obstruction diseases are often complicated by an impaired intestinal barrier, which aggravates liver injury. Treatment of the intestinal barrier is often neglected. To investigate the mechanism by which intestinal bile acid deficiency mediates intestinal barrier dysfunction after biliary obstruction and identify a potential therapeutic modality, we mainly used a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model to simulate biliary obstruction and determine the important role of the bile acid receptor FXR in maintaining intestinal barrier function and stemness. Through RNA-seq analysis of BDL and sham mouse crypts and qRT-PCR performed on intestinal epithelial-specific Fxr knockout (FxrΔIEC) and wild-type mouse crypts, we found that FXR might maintain intestinal stemness by regulating CYP11A1 expression. Given the key role of CYP11A1 during glucocorticoid production, we also found that FXR activation could promote intestinal corticosterone (CORT) synthesis by ELISA. Intestinal organoid culture showed that an FXR agonist or corticosterone increased crypt formation and organoid growth. Further animal experiments showed that corticosterone gavage treatment could maintain intestinal barrier function and stemness, decrease LPS translocation, and attenuate liver injury in BDL mice. Our study hopefully provides a new theoretical basis for the prevention of intestinal complications and alleviation of liver injury after biliary obstruction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bile Acids in Gut Health)
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