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Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Treatment, 2nd Edition
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Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Treatment, 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 3606

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Nikolay Mehterov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biology, Medical University Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Interests: identification of cancer-related miRNAs and their targets; role of ncRNA in molecular oncology; personalized medicine; non-coding RNAs; transcriptomics; cancer pathobiology; head and neck cancer; colorectal cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a prominent part of the non-coding landscape of the human genome. Their role is performed on the post-transcriptional level, and is accomplished by base pairing with the 3′-UTR of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). As a consequence, mRNA degradation or translational inhibition occurs, which finally leads to the absence of a protein product. Being part of the human non-coding transcriptome, miRNAs reside in regions that frequently undergo alterations in malignancies. As a consequence, the specific deregulation of miRNAs that control genes involved in the cell cycle, senescence, and apoptosis is observed in all human cancers. Therefore, the specific expression profile of miRNA in different cancers, together with their stability and easy detection, provides excellent biomarker properties of miRNAs that can be used for diagnoses and staging, and may have wide clinical applications.

This Special Issue focuses on information regarding the potential of miRNAs to regulate protein-coding gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in cancer development and treatment. Authors are encouraged to submit their original research studies concerning this topic. Review articles will also be taken into consideration. We hope that this Special Issue, regarding the identity, biological role, and/or clinical utility of miRNAs, will arouse the interest of the readers of this journal.

Dr. Nikolay Mehterov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microRNAs (miRNAs)
  • transcriptomics
  • functional studies
  • cancer pathobiology
  • solid tumors
  • hematological malignancies
  • molecular biomarkers
  • therapeutic targets
  • apoptosis
  • anticancer drugs radiotherapy
  • chemotharapy failure

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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23 pages, 6503 KiB  
Article
Identification of miRNAs and Their Target Genes Associated with Sunitinib Resistance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients
by María Armesto, Stéphane Nemours, María Arestín, Iraide Bernal, Jon Danel Solano-Iturri, Manuel Manrique, Laura Basterretxea, Gorka Larrinaga, Javier C. Angulo, David Lecumberri, Ane Miren Iturregui, José I. López and Charles H. Lawrie
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 6881; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136881 - 22 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Sunitinib has greatly improved the survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients in recent years. However, 20–30% of treated patients do not respond. To identify miRNAs and genes associated with a response, comparisons were made between biopsies from responder and non-responder [...] Read more.
Sunitinib has greatly improved the survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients in recent years. However, 20–30% of treated patients do not respond. To identify miRNAs and genes associated with a response, comparisons were made between biopsies from responder and non-responder ccRCC patients. Using integrated transcriptomic analyses, we identified 37 miRNAs and 60 respective target genes, which were significantly associated with the NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways. We validated expression of the miRNAs (miR-223, miR-155, miR-200b, miR-130b) and target genes (FLT1, PRDM1 and SAV1) in 35 ccRCC patients. High levels of miR-223 and low levels of FLT1, SAV1 and PRDM1 were associated with worse overall survival (OS), and combined miR-223 + SAV1 levels distinguished responders from non-responders (AUC = 0.92). Using immunohistochemical staining of 170 ccRCC patients, VEGFR1 (FLT1) expression was associated with treatment response, histological grade and RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) score, whereas SAV1 and BLIMP1 (PRDM1) were associated with metachronous metastatic disease. Using in situ hybridisation (ISH) to detect miR-155 we observed higher tumoural cell expression in non-responders, and non-tumoural cell expression with increased histological grade. In summary, our preliminary analysis using integrated miRNA-target gene analyses identified several novel biomarkers in ccRCC patients that surely warrant further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Treatment, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 2280 KiB  
Article
Identification of a Panel of miRNAs Associated with Resistance to Palbociclib and Endocrine Therapy
by Rosalba Torrisi, Valentina Vaira, Laura Giordano, Bethania Fernandes, Giuseppe Saltalamacchia, Raffaella Palumbo, Carlo Carnaghi, Vera Basilico, Francesco Gentile, Giovanna Masci, Rita De Sanctis and Armando Santoro
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031498 - 25 Jan 2024
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Abstract
We investigated whether we could identify a panel of miRNAs associated with response to treatment in tumor tissues of patients with Hormone Receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy (ET) and the CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i)i palbociclib. In total, 52 patients were evaluated, [...] Read more.
We investigated whether we could identify a panel of miRNAs associated with response to treatment in tumor tissues of patients with Hormone Receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy (ET) and the CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i)i palbociclib. In total, 52 patients were evaluated, with 41 receiving treatment as the first line. The overall median PFS was 20.8 months (range 2.5–66.6). In total, 23% of patients experienced early progression (<6 months). Seven miRNAs (miR-378e, miR-1233, miR-99b-5p, miR-1260b, miR-448, -miR-1252-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-1233-3p) showed a statistically significant negative association with PFS. When we considered PFS < 6 months, miR-378e, miR-99b-5p, miR-877-5p, miR-1297, miR-455-5p, and miR-4536-5p were statistically associated with a poor outcome. In the multivariate analysis, the first three miRNAs confirmed a significant and independent impact on PFS. The literature data and bioinformatic tools provide an underlying molecular rationale for most of these miRNAs, mainly involving the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and cell-cycle machinery as cyclin D1, CDKN1B, and protein p27Kip1 and autophagy. Our findings propose a novel panel of miRNAs associated with a higher likelihood of early progression in patients treated with ET and Palbociclib and may contribute to shed some light on the mechanisms of de novo resistance to CDK4/6i, but this should be considered exploratory and evaluated in larger cohorts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Treatment, 2nd Edition)
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