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Molecular Insights into Metabolic Pathways and Age-Related Pathologies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 1734

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
Interests: dysregulated metabolic pathways; cancer; inflammation; epigenetic modifications
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The World Health Organization defines a person as elderly when she/he is 65 years of age or above. In 2020, more than 147 million people worldwide were between the ages of 80 and 99, accounting for 1.9% of the world's population. The increased life expectancy in industrialized countries has unfortunately also led to a significant increase in the incidence of age-related diseases (ARDs), including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Senescent cells are characterized by the presence of specific phenotype known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) due to synthesis and release of matrix-degrading molecules and pro-inflammatory mediators. SASP contributes to the establishment and maintenance of low-grade inflammation (“inflammaging”) which promotes the major ASDs inducing changes in the metabolic pathways responsible for cellular homeostasis. Intensive research activity defined several hallmarks of aging including genomic instability, telomere shortening, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulating nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication. In this Special Issue, we invite authors to submit original research and review articles investigating different metabolic changes leading to ASDs and associated therapeutic approaches. Also, we gratefully appreciate all the contributions focused on the identifications of novel biomarkers useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of ARDs.

Dr. Arianna Vignini
Dr. Monia Cecati
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • aging
  • age-associated diseases
  • dysregulated metabolic pathways
  • inflammation
  • biomarkers
  • therapeutics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 907 KiB  
Case Report
Possible Role of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) and Antibiotic Administration in Modulating Human Gut Microbiota in Home Enteral Nutrition Therapy for the Elderly: A Case Report
by Emanuele Francini, Paolo Orlandoni, Debora Sparvoli, Nikolina Jukic Peladic, Maurizio Cardelli, Rina Recchioni, Stefania Silvi, Vilberto Stocchi, Sabrina Donati Zeppa, Antonio Domenico Procopio, Maria Capalbo, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Fabiola Olivieri and Francesca Marchegiani
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7115; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137115 - 28 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1209
Abstract
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) increases the influx of primary bile acids into the gut. Results obtained on animal models suggested that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla are more resistant to bile acids in rats. As part of a pilot study investigating the role of probiotics [...] Read more.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) increases the influx of primary bile acids into the gut. Results obtained on animal models suggested that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla are more resistant to bile acids in rats. As part of a pilot study investigating the role of probiotics supplementation in elderly people with home enteral nutrition (HEN), a case of a 92-year-old woman with HEN is reported in the present study. She lives in a nursing home and suffers from Alzheimer’s disease (AD); the patient had been prescribed TUDCA for lithiasis cholangitis. The aim of this case report is therefore to investigate whether long-term TUDCA administration may play a role in altering the patient’s gut microbiota (GM) and the impact of an antibiotic therapy on the diversity of microbial species. Using next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene a dominant shift toward Firmicutes and a remodeling in Proteobacteria abundance was observed in the woman’s gut microbiota. Considering the patient’s age, health status and type of diet, we would have expected to find a GM with a prevalence of Bacteroidetes phylum. This represents the first study investigating the possible TUDCA’s effect on human GM. Full article
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