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The Multiple Faces of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Targeted Therapies and Recent Developments

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1641

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori “Dino Amadori” (IRST), Meldola, FC, Italy
Interests: lung cancer; mesothelioma; phase 1 clinical trials; targeted therapies; next generation sequencing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori “Dino Amadori” (IRST), Meldola, FC, Italy
Interests: lung cancer; adjuvant therapy; minimal residual disease; targeted therapies; next generation sequencing; liquid biopsy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Knowledge of biology of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer has increased in the last years. The use of next generation sequencing (NGS) has permitted to divide this disease in many diseases, according to the presence of molecular drivers. For eight of these oncogene-addicted tumours, targeted therapies have been approved: mutations of EGFR, BRAF, MET, KRAS and rearrangements of ALK, ROS1, RET and NTRK have specific tyrosin-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that have changed the natural history of these diseases. However, innate and acquired resistances are able to limit the activity of TKIs. For this reason, many efforts are ongoing to understand biology of resistances in order to identify further therapeutic approaches. Several new drugs are entering in the therapeutic strategy of  many of those types of tumors. Moreover immune-conjugates represents a new option to target tumoral cells with mechanisms of action different from those of TKIs. Finally the use of NGS may identify molecular features for which less is still known without clear indications of therapy. These situations may arise difficulties in identify the correct therapeutic strategy. This Special issue will focus on targeted therapies for NSCLC and on recent developments in term of biology and new drugs in this field.

Dr. Angelo Delmonte
Dr. Alberto Verlicchi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • non-small cell lung cancer
  • tyrosine-kinase inhibitors
  • next generation sequencing
  • immunoconjugates
  • targeted therapies 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 2826 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Inadequate Exposure to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on the Development of Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells
by Daniela Frezzetti, Vincenza Caridi, Laura Marra, Rosa Camerlingo, Amelia D’Alessio, Francesco Russo, Serena Dotolo, Anna Maria Rachiglio, Riziero Esposito Abate, Marianna Gallo, Monica Rosaria Maiello, Alessandro Morabito, Nicola Normanno and Antonella De Luca
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4844; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094844 - 29 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1196
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) inevitably develop resistance through several biological mechanisms. However, little is known on the molecular mechanisms underlying acquired resistance to suboptimal EGFR-TKI doses, due to pharmacodynamics leading to [...] Read more.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) inevitably develop resistance through several biological mechanisms. However, little is known on the molecular mechanisms underlying acquired resistance to suboptimal EGFR-TKI doses, due to pharmacodynamics leading to inadequate drug exposure. To evaluate the effects of suboptimal EGFR-TKI exposure on resistance in NSCLC, we obtained HCC827 and PC9 cell lines resistant to suboptimal fixed and intermittent doses of gefitinib and compared them to cells exposed to higher doses of the drug. We analyzed the differences in terms of EGFR signaling activation and the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, whole transcriptomes byRNA sequencing, and cell motility. We observed that the exposure to low doses of gefitinib more frequently induced a partial EMT associated with an induced migratory ability, and an enhanced transcription of cancer stem cell markers, particularly in the HCC827 gefitinib-resistant cells. Finally, the HCC827 gefitinib-resistant cells showed increased secretion of the EMT inducer transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, whose inhibition was able to partially restore gefitinib sensitivity. These data provide evidence that different levels of exposure to EGFR-TKIs in tumor masses might promote different mechanisms of acquired resistance. Full article
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