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Molecular Insights into Migraines

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2024 | Viewed by 902

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
Interests: migraine; headaches; stroke; electromyography; neuropathy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although migraine is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, it is still an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease, which is a consequence of incomplete knowledge of migraine pathogenesis. One of the main reasons for that is restrictive access to the human target material and the limited value of experimental animals to model human migraine. Sensitization of the trigeminovascular system and cortical hyperexcitability are essential mechanisms in migraine pathogenesis, but their molecular basis is unclear. The mechanisms of trigeminal afferent activation by cortical spreading depolarization/depression may be crucial for determining the role of aura in migraine pathogenesis. The development of neuroimaging and the use of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from migraine patients in conjunction with next-generation omics create exceptional opportunities to reveal key molecular players in migraine pathogenesis and develop more effective therapeutic strategies by identifying new drug targets. Therefore, basic research on the molecular interactions in migraine is needed to closely examine the molecular mechanisms of migraine pathogenesis and improve its diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This Special Issue welcomes original papers and review articles addressing one or several of the above issues or the topics mentioned in the keywords listed below.

Prof. Dr. Janusz Blasiak
Dr. Michał Fila
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • genetics and epigenetics of migraines
  • connections between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in migraines
  • omics in migraine studies
  • stem cells in migraine studies
  • molecular mediators of nociceptive signaling in migraines
  • cortical spreading depolarization/depression
  • molecular aspects of metabolic flux in migraines
  • programmed cellular death in migraines
  • migraine as a channelopathy
  • molecular interactions of CGRP
  • proteostasis in migraines
  • perspective of gene editing in migraines
  • molecular basis of migraine triggers
  • reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in migraines
  • systemic molecular markers of migraines
  • molecular aspects of sex dimorphism in migraines
  • laboratory and in silico models of molecular interactions in migraines

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 1623 KiB  
Review
Novel Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Interfering Migraine Therapies and Stroke—A Review
by Michael Thomas Eller, Florian Frank, Katharina Kaltseis, Anel Karisik, Michael Knoflach and Gregor Broessner
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11685; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111685 - 30 Oct 2024
Viewed by 668
Abstract
Migraine and stroke are neurological disorders with significant global prevalence and impact. Recent advances in migraine therapy have focused on the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway. This review examines the shared pathomechanisms between migraine and stroke, with emphasis on the role of CGRP. [...] Read more.
Migraine and stroke are neurological disorders with significant global prevalence and impact. Recent advances in migraine therapy have focused on the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway. This review examines the shared pathomechanisms between migraine and stroke, with emphasis on the role of CGRP. We analyze the current literature on CGRP’s functions in cerebrovascular regulation, edema formation, neuroinflammation, and neuroprotection. CGRP acts as a potent vasodilator and plays a crucial role in trigeminovascular activation during migraine attacks. In stroke, CGRP has demonstrated neuroprotective effects by improving collateral circulation and reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury. Concerns have been raised about the potential impact of CGRP inhibitors on stroke risk and outcomes. Studies in animals suggest that CGRP receptor antagonists may worsen cerebral ischemia by impairing collateral flow. We discuss the implications of these findings for the use of CGRP-targeting therapies in migraine patients, especially those at increased risk of stroke. Additionally, we explore the complex interplay between CGRP, endothelial function, and platelet activity in both conditions. This review highlights the need for further research to elucidate the long-term cerebrovascular safety of CGRP pathway inhibitors and to identify potential subgroups of migraine patients who may be at higher risk of adverse cerebrovascular events with these novel therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insights into Migraines)
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