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Coronary Syndromes – Advances in Diagnostics and Therapy
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Coronary Syndromes – Advances in Diagnostics and Therapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 12871

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Esko Kankuri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
Interests: wound healing; scarring; cell-based therapies; biomaterials; drug development; regenerative and translational medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Significant progress has been made in diagnostics and therapy of coronary syndromes and associated conditions during recent years. However, several challenges remain to be addressed as ischemic heart disease and heart failure remain major causes of morbidity and mortality. Breakthroughs in diagnostics are eagerly awaited to enable early identification of disease and its severity as well as to response to therapy. Imaging techniques, the mainstay for diagnosis, are rapidly progressing and refined. New potential blockbuster drugs are in the pipeline and many have reached phase II or III studies.

This special issue will showcase the contributors’ expertise on the current and upcoming advances in diagnostics and therapy of coronary syndromes and their associated conditions such as heart failure.

Submissions are accepted by Editorial invitation or by pre-submission enquiry in order to ascertain the well-established high level of international expertise of the contributors. Collaboration or consortium initiatives to support these aims are encouraged.

The article types accepted for this issue are original research articles, state-of-the art reviews and perspectives.

Specifically, the focus areas of the issue are

  • Acute and chronic coronary syndromes
  • Myocardial infarction, ischemic heart failure
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD)
  • Heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF, HFpEF)
  • Biomarkers and imaging
  • Epigenetics, epitranscriptomics
  • Cell and gene therapy
  • Oligonucleotide, antifibrotic and cardioregenerative drugs

Dr. Esko Kankuri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1628 KiB  
Article
Structural and Functional Support by Left Atrial Appendage Transplant to the Left Ventricle after a Myocardial Infarction
by Jussi V. Leinonen, Päivi Leinikka, Miikka Tarkia, Milla Lampinen, Avishag K. Emanuelov, Ronen Beeri, Esko Kankuri and Eero Mervaala
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 4661; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094661 - 22 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2695
Abstract
The left atrial appendage (LAA) of the adult heart has been shown to contain cardiac and myeloid progenitor cells. The resident myeloid progenitor population expresses an array of pro-regenerative paracrine factors. Cardiac constructs have been shown to inhibit deleterious remodeling of the heart [...] Read more.
The left atrial appendage (LAA) of the adult heart has been shown to contain cardiac and myeloid progenitor cells. The resident myeloid progenitor population expresses an array of pro-regenerative paracrine factors. Cardiac constructs have been shown to inhibit deleterious remodeling of the heart using physical support. Due to these aspects, LAA holds promise as a regenerative transplant. LAAs from adult mT/mG mice were transplanted to the recipient 129X1-SvJ mice simultaneously as myocardial infarction (MI) was performed. A decellularized LAA patch was implanted in the control group. Two weeks after MI, the LAA patch had integrated to the ventricular wall, and migrated cells were seen in the MI area. The cells had two main phenotypes: small F4/80+ cells and large troponin C+ cells. After follow-up at 8 weeks, the LAA patch remained viable, and the functional status of the heart improved. Cardiac echo demonstrated that, after 6 weeks, the mice in the LAA-patch-treated group showed an increasing and statistically significant improvement in cardiac performance when compared to the MI and MI + decellularized patch controls. Physical patch-support (LAA and decellularized LAA patch) had an equal effect on the inhibition of deleterious remodeling, but only the LAA patch inhibited the hypertrophic response. Our study demonstrates that the LAA transplantation has the potential for use as a treatment for myocardial infarction. This method can putatively combine cell therapy (regenerative effect) and physical support (inhibition of deleterious remodeling). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coronary Syndromes – Advances in Diagnostics and Therapy)
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Review

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13 pages, 1503 KiB  
Review
A Novel, Cell-Free Therapy to Enter Our Hearts: The Potential Role of Small EVs in Prevention and Treatment of CVD
by Ioanna Lazana and Constantinos Anagnostopoulos
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(7), 3662; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073662 - 27 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
Heart disease constitutes one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current therapeutic techniques, such as interventional revascularization, although lifesaving, come along with myocardial injury related to the reperfusion itself, called ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is an added factor for increased morbidity. [...] Read more.
Heart disease constitutes one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current therapeutic techniques, such as interventional revascularization, although lifesaving, come along with myocardial injury related to the reperfusion itself, called ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is an added factor for increased morbidity. For that reason, there is an imperative need for novel therapies to be developed that would either prevent or treat myocardial injury. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), specifically small EVs (sEVs), have proven to be important mediators of intercellular communication. The fact that they carry information reflecting that of the parental cell makes them an ideal candidate for diagnostic purposes. sEVs derived from immunoregulatory cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells or cardiac progenitor cells, could also be used therapeutically to exert the primary immunomodulatory function but without carrying the side effects related to cell therapy. Furthermore, as a natural product, they have the added advantage of low immunogenicity, offering the potential for safe drug delivery. In the field of cardiology, there has been great interest in the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of sEVs with significant translational potential. Here, we review the potential use of sEVs in the context of myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coronary Syndromes – Advances in Diagnostics and Therapy)
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Other

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28 pages, 2848 KiB  
Study Protocol
Epitranscriptomics of Ischemic Heart Disease—The IHD-EPITRAN Study Design and Objectives
by Vilbert Sikorski, Pasi Karjalainen, Daria Blokhina, Kati Oksaharju, Jahangir Khan, Shintaro Katayama, Helena Rajala, Satu Suihko, Suvi Tuohinen, Kari Teittinen, Annu Nummi, Antti Nykänen, Arda Eskin, Christoffer Stark, Fausto Biancari, Jan Kiss, Jarmo Simpanen, Jussi Ropponen, Karl Lemström, Kimmo Savinainen, Maciej Lalowski, Markku Kaarne, Mikko Jormalainen, Outi Elomaa, Pertti Koivisto, Peter Raivio, Pia Bäckström, Sebastian Dahlbacka, Simo Syrjälä, Tiina Vainikka, Tommi Vähäsilta, Nurcan Tuncbag, Mati Karelson, Eero Mervaala, Tatu Juvonen, Mika Laine, Jari Laurikka, Antti Vento and Esko Kankuriadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(12), 6630; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126630 - 21 Jun 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 7293
Abstract
Epitranscriptomic modifications in RNA can dramatically alter the way our genetic code is deciphered. Cells utilize these modifications not only to maintain physiological processes, but also to respond to extracellular cues and various stressors. Most often, adenosine residues in RNA are targeted, and [...] Read more.
Epitranscriptomic modifications in RNA can dramatically alter the way our genetic code is deciphered. Cells utilize these modifications not only to maintain physiological processes, but also to respond to extracellular cues and various stressors. Most often, adenosine residues in RNA are targeted, and result in modifications including methylation and deamination. Such modified residues as N-6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) and inosine, respectively, have been associated with cardiovascular diseases, and contribute to disease pathologies. The Ischemic Heart Disease Epitranscriptomics and Biomarkers (IHD-EPITRAN) study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding to their nature and role in cardiovascular pathology. The study hypothesis is that pathological features of IHD are mirrored in the blood epitranscriptome. The IHD-EPITRAN study focuses on m6A and A-to-I modifications of RNA. Patients are recruited from four cohorts: (I) patients with IHD and myocardial infarction undergoing urgent revascularization; (II) patients with stable IHD undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting; (III) controls without coronary obstructions undergoing valve replacement due to aortic stenosis and (IV) controls with healthy coronaries verified by computed tomography. The abundance and distribution of m6A and A-to-I modifications in blood RNA are charted by quantitative and qualitative methods. Selected other modified nucleosides as well as IHD candidate protein and metabolic biomarkers are measured for reference. The results of the IHD-EPITRAN study can be expected to enable identification of epitranscriptomic IHD biomarker candidates and potential drug targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coronary Syndromes – Advances in Diagnostics and Therapy)
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