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Advances in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Inflammation: Pathogenesis, Biomarkers and Treatments

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 2901

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Interests: biomarkers; neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer's disease; multiple sclerosis; vitamin D; neurodegeneration; Parkinson’s disease; laboratory medicine
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Guest Editor
Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department ProMISE “G. D’Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Interests: neurological disorders; biomarkers; ischemic stroke; multiple sclerosis; synaptic dysfunction; exosomal miRNAs; DNA binding protein; Alzheimer’s disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons in different areas of the central or peripheral nervous system. NDs represent a big challenge for scientific research due to their prevalence, cost and unknown pathophysiological mechanisms and the lack of mechanism-based treatments. 

An ND patient’s care pathway, from screening to diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring, is complex and relies mainly on clinical criteria. However, especially in the early stages, NDs have overlapping signs and symptoms leading to delayed diagnosis. Thus, tools are urgently needed to support clinicians in the early and appropriate management of NDs. In recent decades, significant advances have been made, but further efforts are mandatory in the field of ND research. 

This Special Issue aims to collect research articles and literature reviews in the field of ND research, including Dementia, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease, to unravel molecular mechanisms underpinning their pathogeneses and new molecular biomarkers, with a focus on the role of inflammation. Indeed, in recent decades, evidence from several studies supports the pivotal role of inflammation in ND pathogenesis.

Dr. Luisa Agnello
Dr. Anna Maria Ciaccio
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neurodegeneration
  • inflammation
  • biomarkers
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • molecular mechanism
  • pathogenesis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 1337 KiB  
Review
Molecular Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Practical Guide to Their Appropriate Use and Interpretation in Clinical Practice
by Luisa Agnello, Caterina Maria Gambino, Anna Maria Ciaccio, Anna Masucci, Roberta Vassallo, Martina Tamburello, Concetta Scazzone, Bruna Lo Sasso and Marcello Ciaccio
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4323; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084323 - 13 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2327
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) represent a group of different diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of the nervous system’s cells. The diagnosis is challenging, especially in the early stages, due to no specific clinical signs and symptoms. In this context, laboratory medicine [...] Read more.
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) represent a group of different diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of the nervous system’s cells. The diagnosis is challenging, especially in the early stages, due to no specific clinical signs and symptoms. In this context, laboratory medicine could support clinicians in detecting and differentiating NDs. Indeed, biomarkers could indicate the pathological mechanisms underpinning NDs. The ideal biofluid for detecting the biomarkers of NDs is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which has limitations, hampering its widespread use in clinical practice. However, intensive efforts are underway to introduce high-sensitivity analytical methods to detect ND biomarkers in alternative nonivasive biofluid, such as blood or saliva. This study presents an overview of the ND molecular biomarkers currently used in clinical practice. For some diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease or multiple sclerosis, biomarkers are well established and recommended by guidelines. However, for most NDs, intensive research is ongoing to identify reliable and specific biomarkers, and no consensus has yet been achieved. Full article
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