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Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche 2.0
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Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 17805

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Vincenza Dolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: extracellular vesicles; tumor progression; electron microscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ilaria Giusti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departement of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: extracellular vesicles; tumor microenvironment; angiogenesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles released by both normal and tumor cells that operate as heterogeneous multisignal messengers involved in cell-to cell communication.

In cancer, EVs mediate the tumor-stroma interaction affecting, among other things, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, immune surveillance and drug resistance, thus supporting cancer growth. The tumor promoting activities of EVs are not restricted to local tumor microenvironment but also include dissemination, since EVs can enter the blood circulation, reach distant organs and, there, educate resident cells to generate favorable environmental conditions; this process is known as pre-metastatich niche formation.

This Special Issue, “Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche”, of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences will comprise a selection of research papers and reviews covering various aspects of biochemistry, molecular and cellular biology on the role of EVs in the metastatich niche. Contributions on cell-signaling pathways involved, functional studies, molecular characterization as well as their impact on possible clinical implications, will be welcome. Studies on the set up of specific in vitro and in vivo models will also be considered.

Prof. Vincenza Dolo
Dr. Ilaria Giusti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • Extracellular vesicles
  • Metastatic niche
  • Cancer
  • EMT
  • Exosomes
  • Metastasis
  • Microvesicles
  • Tumor dormancy
  • Tumor microenvironment

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

20 pages, 2145 KiB  
Review
Extracellular Vesicles: Messengers of p53 in Tumor–Stroma Communication and Cancer Metastasis
by Evangelos Pavlakis, Michelle Neumann and Thorsten Stiewe
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(24), 9648; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249648 - 17 Dec 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4423
Abstract
Tumor progression to a metastatic and ultimately lethal stage relies on a tumor-supporting microenvironment that is generated by reciprocal communication between tumor and stromal host cells. The tumor–stroma crosstalk is instructed by the genetic alterations of the tumor cells—the most frequent being mutations [...] Read more.
Tumor progression to a metastatic and ultimately lethal stage relies on a tumor-supporting microenvironment that is generated by reciprocal communication between tumor and stromal host cells. The tumor–stroma crosstalk is instructed by the genetic alterations of the tumor cells—the most frequent being mutations in the gene Tumor protein p53 (TP53) that are clinically correlated with metastasis, drug resistance and poor patient survival. The crucial mediators of tumor–stroma communication are tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), in particular exosomes, which operate both locally within the primary tumor and in distant organs, at pre-metastatic niches as the future sites of metastasis. Here, we review how wild-type and mutant p53 proteins control the secretion, size, and especially the RNA and protein cargo of tumor-derived EVs. We highlight how EVs extend the cell-autonomous tumor suppressive activity of wild-type p53 into the tumor microenvironment (TME), and how mutant p53 proteins switch EVs into oncogenic messengers that reprogram tumor–host communication within the entire organism so as to promote metastatic tumor cell dissemination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche 2.0)
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21 pages, 1621 KiB  
Review
Breast Cancer Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Metastasis Induction and Their Clinical Implications as Biomarkers
by Simona Taverna, Ilaria Giusti, Sandra D’Ascenzo, Laura Pizzorno and Vincenza Dolo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(10), 3573; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103573 - 18 May 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 5929
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality are rapidly growing worldwide. The main risk factors for cancer can be associated with aging as well as the growth of the population and socioeconomic condition. Breast cancer, a crucial public health problem, is the second cause of death [...] Read more.
Cancer incidence and mortality are rapidly growing worldwide. The main risk factors for cancer can be associated with aging as well as the growth of the population and socioeconomic condition. Breast cancer, a crucial public health problem, is the second cause of death among women. About 70% of patients with advanced breast cancer have bone metastases. In bone metastasis, cancer cells and osteoclasts form a vicious cycle: cancer cells promote osteoclast differentiation and activation that, in turn, induce cancer cell seeding and proliferation in the bone. Growing evidence shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in carcinogenesis, proliferation, pre-metastatic niche formation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance in several tumors, such as breast, lung, prostate, and liver cancer. Here, we discuss the role of EVs released by breast cancer cells, focusing on bone metastasis induction and their clinical implications as biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche 2.0)
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Graphical abstract

15 pages, 253 KiB  
Review
From Tumor Metastasis towards Cerebral Ischemia—Extracellular Vesicles as a General Concept of Intercellular Communication Processes
by Xuan Zheng, Mathias Bähr and Thorsten R. Doeppner
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(23), 5995; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235995 - 28 Nov 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2713
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been tremendous carriers in both experimental and translational science. These vesicles—formerly regarded as artifacts of in vitro research—have a heterogeneous population of vesicles derived from virtually all eukaryotic cells. EVs consist of a bilayer lipid structure with a diameter [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been tremendous carriers in both experimental and translational science. These vesicles—formerly regarded as artifacts of in vitro research—have a heterogeneous population of vesicles derived from virtually all eukaryotic cells. EVs consist of a bilayer lipid structure with a diameter of about 30 to 1000 nm and have a characteristic protein and non-coding RNA content that make up different forms of EVs such as exosomes, microvesicles, and others. Despite recent progress in the EV field, which is known to serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic tools under various pathological conditions, fundamental questions are yet to be answered. This short review focuses on recently reported data regarding EVs under pathological conditions with a particular emphasis on the role of EVs under such different conditions like tumor formation and cerebral ischemia. The review strives to point out general concepts of EV intercellular communication processes that might be vital to both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the long run. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche 2.0)
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Graphical abstract

16 pages, 873 KiB  
Review
Tumour-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs): A Dangerous “Message in A Bottle” for Bone
by Alfredo Cappariello and Nadia Rucci
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(19), 4805; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194805 - 27 Sep 2019
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 4084
Abstract
Several studies have shown the importance of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in the intercellular communication between tumour and resident cells. Through EVs, tumour cells can trigger cell-signalling molecules and shuttle exogenous information to target cells, thus promoting spread of the disease. In fact, many [...] Read more.
Several studies have shown the importance of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in the intercellular communication between tumour and resident cells. Through EVs, tumour cells can trigger cell-signalling molecules and shuttle exogenous information to target cells, thus promoting spread of the disease. In fact, many processes are fuelled by EVs, such as tumour invasion and dormancy, drug-resistance, immune-surveillance escape, extravasation, extracellular matrix remodelling and metastasis. A key element is certainly the molecular profile of the shed cargo. Understanding the biochemical basis of EVs would help to predict the ability and propensity of cancer cells to metastasize a specific tissue, with the aim to target the release of EVs and to manipulate their content as a possible therapeutic approach. Moreover, EV profiling could help monitor the progression of cancer, providing a useful tool for more effective therapy. This review will focus on all the EV-mediated mentioned mechanisms in the context of both primary bone cancers and bone metastases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and Metastatic Niche 2.0)
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