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Molecular Advances in Gastric Cancer
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Molecular Advances in Gastric Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2024) | Viewed by 3294

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Su-youn Nam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
Interests: gastric cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Stomach cancer is a very common cancer, ranking 5th in incidence and 4th in mortality worldwide. Research on the diagnosis and treatment of stomach cancer can greatly contribute to improving human health and life span. Environmental factors such as a high-salt diet and the presence of Helicobacter pylori have been studied extensively in the development of stomach cancer. It has been reported that TCGA-based molecular classification of gastric cancer is also related to prognosis. Molecular biomarkers can be used not only to understand the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, but also to diagnose the illness, predict prognosis, and predict treatment response. Molecular-based treatment is paving the way for precision medicine and personalized treatment. Aside from classic sequencing such as mRNA sequencing, miRNA sequencing, genomic sequencing, and 16S rRNA sequencing, advanced segueing methods such as single-cell sequencing and spatial sequencing can be used to obtain more precise information, accelerating the path to personalized treatment. Recently, primary organoid-based research with high similarity to in vivo study has been usefully used in research on carcinogenicity and the prediction of treatment response.

We therefore invite academic investigators working in all these fields to submit original research articles and reviews describing and discussing ‘molecular advances in gastric cancer.’

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Outcome of gastric cancer treatment: molecular biomarker;
  • New therapeutic issues in gastric cancer such as immunotherapy;
  • Pathophysiology of gastric cancer;
  • Sex difference in attributing molecular factors on gastric cancer;
  • Effector modification by Helicobacter in the association between gastric cancer and other risk factors;
  • The role of lipid and obesity in gastric cancer;
  • Classic sequencing such as mRNA sequencing, miRNA sequencing, genomic sequencing, and 16S rRNA sequencing;
  • Advanced methodology such as single-cell sequencing, spatial sequencing;
  • Primary gastric cancer organoid-based study.

Dr. Su-youn Nam
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gastric cancer
  • molecular biomarker
  • sequencing
  • organoid
  • metabolic marker

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 4849 KiB  
Article
New Horizons in the Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer: The Importance of Selected Toll-like Receptors in Immunopathogenesis Depending on the Stage, Clinical Subtype, and Gender of Newly Diagnosed Patients
by Marek Kos, Krzysztof Bojarski, Paulina Mertowska, Sebastian Mertowski, Piotr Tomaka, Łukasz Dziki and Ewelina Grywalska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9264; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179264 - 27 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 655
Abstract
Introduction: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a vital role in the innate immune response, recognizing pathogens and initiating the inflammatory response. Research suggests that TLRs may also have a significant impact on the development and progression of cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). Understanding the [...] Read more.
Introduction: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a vital role in the innate immune response, recognizing pathogens and initiating the inflammatory response. Research suggests that TLRs may also have a significant impact on the development and progression of cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). Understanding the role of individual TLRs in the immunopathogenesis of gastric cancer may provide new information necessary to develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Aim of the study: This study aimed to determine the role of selected TLR-2, -3, -4, and -9 in the immunopathogenesis of patients with newly diagnosed and untreated gastric cancer. Materials and methods: The study included 60 newly diagnosed, untreated GC patients and 25 healthy volunteers. The research included analyses assessing the percentage of the tested TLRs on T and B lymphocyte subpopulations using multicolor flow cytometry and assessing their concentration in the serum of the examined patients using ELISA tests. The statistical analyses performed included a comparison of patients in individual stages of gastric cancer, an analysis of the most common clinical subtypes of gastric cancer, and a comparative analysis of differences in the gender of recruited patients. Results: Our studies showed different expression levels of TLR-2, -3, -4, and -9 on T and B lymphocyte subpopulations, as well as their different concentrations in patients’ serum. Significant differences in the expression of these receptors were observed depending on the stage of gastric cancer and its clinical subtypes. These differences were also visible in the context of patient gender. Summary: The results of our studies suggest that TLR-2, -3, -4, and -9 may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of gastric cancer. The differential expression of these receptors depending on the stage of the disease, clinical subtype, and gender of patients may have potential diagnostic and therapeutic significance. Further research is necessary to understand better the mechanisms of action of TLRs in gastric cancer and to apply this knowledge in clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Advances in Gastric Cancer)
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17 pages, 4280 KiB  
Article
EGFR and PI3K Signalling Pathways as Promising Targets on Circulating Tumour Cells from Patients with Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma
by Ann-Katrin Piper, Chelsea Penney, Jacqueline Holliday, Gary Tincknell, Yafeng Ma, Sarbar Napaki, Klaus Pantel, Daniel Brungs and Marie Ranson
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5565; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105565 - 20 May 2024
Viewed by 2149
Abstract
The prognosis for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (mGAC) remains poor. Gene alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and their downstream effectors including catalytic subunit alpha of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) are common in mGAC. Targeted RTK and [...] Read more.
The prognosis for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (mGAC) remains poor. Gene alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and their downstream effectors including catalytic subunit alpha of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) are common in mGAC. Targeted RTK and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) treatments have demonstrated clinical benefits in other solid tumours and are key potential targets for clinical development against mGAC given the presence of recurrent alterations in these pathways. Furthermore, combination RTK/PI3K treatments may overcome compensatory mechanisms that arise using monotherapies, leading to improved patient outcomes. Herein, we investigated RTK/PI3K single and combination drug responses against our unique human mGAC-derived PIK3CA gain-of-function mutant, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, EGFR-expressing circulating tumour cell line, UWG02CTC, under two- and three-dimensional culture conditions to model different stages of metastasis. UWG02CTCs were highly responsive to the PI3K p110α-subunit targeted drugs PIK-75 (IC50 = 37.0 ± 11.1 nM) or alpelisib (7.05 ± 3.7 µM). Drug sensitivities were significantly increased in 3D conditions. Compensatory MAPK/ERK pathway upregulation by PI3K/Akt suppression was overcome by combination treatment with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, which was strongly synergistic. PIK-75 plus gefitinib significantly impaired UWG02CTC invasion in an organotypic assay. In conclusion, UWG02CTCs are a powerful ex vivo mGAC drug responsiveness model revealing EGFR/PI3K-targeted drugs as a promising combination treatment option for HER2-negative, RAS wild-type mGAC patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Advances in Gastric Cancer)
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