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The Role of Glia in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 3011

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Head, Team P3TN, INCIA CNRS UMR 5287, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
Interests: antidepressants; serotonin system; neuroplasticity; hippocampus; brain stimulation; spinogenesis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Data are increasingly indicating that glial cells not only act as structural or logistical support within the CNS but also actively participate in processes of neurotransmission and neural plasticity. It is now widely accepted that astrocytes, microglial cells and oligodendrocytes are involved in virtually all brain activities, ranging from the regulation of central homeostasis to memory or the elaboration of superior functions. Not surprisingly, therefore, a growing body of evidence highlights the potential of glial cells as alternative targets in the search for new treatments of neuropsychiatric disorders. For instance, numerous studies have already highlighted the importance of neuro-inflammation in the emergence of depression or depression-like behaviors, and not surprisingly, microglial cells were found to have major implications. Specifically targeting the molecular actors involved in the process has recently been proposed as a potential antidepressant strategy. Similarly, there is now a consensus that some psychoses are due to phenomena of neuroinflammation occurring in discrete neuronal populations, with at least one form of autoimmune psychosis that has been identified and that can be treated by immunotherapy. Further, numerous neuropsychiatric diseases now appear to be related to dysfunction in processes of synaptic plasticity, which may display aberrant patterns in psychosis or be reduced in number/efficacy in depression and cognitive disorders. Thus, recent developments suggest that a promising way to achieve rapid antidepressant efficiency would consist of an increase in synaptic plasticity within some limbic and associative brain areas, such as the prefrontal cortex or the hippocampus. Taking into account the fundamental importance of astrocytes in the tripartite synapse, it is likely that strategies aimed at the molecular mechanisms by which they modulate synaptic plasticity can be of relevance in the search for new treatments in the field of neuropsychiatry. Finally, besides their well-known role in the genesis and maintenance of myelin, oligodendrocytes have more recently been shown to be enrolled in some neuro-inflammatory conditions, which might also reveal new psychotropics of interest.

This Special Issue will welcome both research papers and reviews addressing these points, with a particular interest in molecular mechanisms.

Dr. Guillaume Lucas
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • glial cells
  • astrocytes
  • microglia
  • neuro-inflammation
  • synaptic plasticity
  • neuropsychiatric disorders

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

22 pages, 1776 KiB  
Review
Astroglial Dysfunctions in Mood Disorders and Rodent Stress Models: Consequences on Behavior and Potential as Treatment Target
by Yashika Bansal, Sierra A. Codeluppi and Mounira Banasr
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6357; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126357 - 8 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1348
Abstract
Astrocyte dysfunctions have been consistently observed in patients affected with depression and other psychiatric illnesses. Although over the years our understanding of these changes, their origin, and their consequences on behavior and neuronal function has deepened, many aspects of the role of astroglial [...] Read more.
Astrocyte dysfunctions have been consistently observed in patients affected with depression and other psychiatric illnesses. Although over the years our understanding of these changes, their origin, and their consequences on behavior and neuronal function has deepened, many aspects of the role of astroglial dysfunction in major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remain unknown. In this review, we summarize the known astroglial dysfunctions associated with MDD and PTSD, highlight the impact of chronic stress on specific astroglial functions, and how astroglial dysfunctions are implicated in the expression of depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, focusing on behavioral consequences of astroglial manipulation on emotion-related and fear-learning behaviors. We also offer a glance at potential astroglial functions that can be targeted for potential antidepressant treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Glia in Neuropsychiatric Disorders)
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23 pages, 1646 KiB  
Review
Glial Markers of Suicidal Behavior in the Human Brain—A Systematic Review of Postmortem Studies
by Mana Yamamoto, Mai Sakai, Zhiqian Yu, Miharu Nakanishi and Hatsumi Yoshii
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5750; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115750 - 25 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1314
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health priority, and its molecular mechanisms appear to be related to glial abnormalities and specific transcriptional changes. This study aimed to identify and synthesize evidence of the relationship between glial dysfunction and suicidal behavior to understand the neurobiology [...] Read more.
Suicide is a major public health priority, and its molecular mechanisms appear to be related to glial abnormalities and specific transcriptional changes. This study aimed to identify and synthesize evidence of the relationship between glial dysfunction and suicidal behavior to understand the neurobiology of suicide. As of 26 January 2024, 46 articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified by searching PubMed and ISI Web of Science. Most postmortem studies, including 30 brain regions, have determined no density or number of total Nissl-glial cell changes in suicidal patients with major psychiatric disorders. There were 17 astrocytic, 14 microglial, and 9 oligodendroglial studies using specific markers of each glial cell and further on their specific gene expression. Those studies suggest that astrocytic and oligodendroglial cells lost but activated microglia in suicides with affective disorder, bipolar disorders, major depression disorders, or schizophrenia in comparison with non-suicided patients and non-psychiatric controls. Although the data from previous studies remain complex and cannot fully explain the effects of glial cell dysfunction related to suicidal behaviors, they provide risk directions potentially leading to suicide prevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Glia in Neuropsychiatric Disorders)
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