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New Insight into Cannabinoid Effects 3.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 3001

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Meir Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 5265601, Israel
Interests: endocannabinoid; inflammatory bowel disease; cannabis use in IBD; cannabis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cannabis is the most widely used recreational drug worldwide.  The cannabis plant contains as many as 100 phytocannabinoids as well as other ingredients, such as terpenes and flavonoids.  Phytocannabinoids exert their effects through the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is an endogenous system with an important role in modulating mood, memory, reward homeostasis, immune regulation, and energy balance.  The best-known phytocannabinoids are Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is responsible for the psychotropic effect of cannabis, and cannabidiol (CBD), which does not have a central effect but is shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect.

The use of medical cannabis is rapidly increasing, and physicians are faced with an increasing demand from patients to prescribe it.  Sadly, this is not accompanied by scientifically sound evidence regarding the efficacy, if any, of cannabis treatment.  Very little is known about the effect of cannabis and the significance of various cannabinoid combinations or mode of cannabis consumption.  On the other hand, we cannot afford to ignore the many reports about the positive effects of cannabis.  More data and evidence on how cannabinoids affect physiology and pathophysiology, as well as their therapeutic potential are urgently needed.
The open access International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) (IF 6.208, ISSN 1422-0067) is therefore planning this Special Issue entitled “New Insight into Cannabinoid Effects 3.0”.  As the Guest Editor, I would like to invite you to contribute an article/review to this issue.  We promise you a rapid and rigorous peer review, manuscript handling, and editorial process.

Dr. Timna Naftali
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cannabinoids
  • endogenous cannabinoids
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • cancer
  • pharmacology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 11912 KiB  
Article
Influence of Fungicide Application on Rhizosphere Microbiota Structure and Microbial Secreted Enzymes in Diverse Cannabinoid-Rich Hemp Cultivars
by Junhuan Xu, Tyson Knight, Donchel Boone, Muhammad Saleem, Sheree J. Finley, Nicole Gauthier, Joseph A. Ayariga, Rufus Akinrinlola, Melissa Pulkoski, Kadie Britt, Tigist Tolosa, Yara I. Rosado-Rivera, Ibrahim Iddrisu, Ivy Thweatt, Ting Li, Simon Zebelo, Hannah Burrack, Lindsey Thiessen, Zachariah Hansen, Ernest Bernard, Thomas Kuhar, Michelle Samuel-Foo and Olufemi S. Ajayiadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5892; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115892 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 1180
Abstract
Microbes and enzymes play essential roles in soil and plant rhizosphere ecosystem functioning. However, fungicides and plant root secretions may impact the diversity and abundance of microbiota structure and enzymatic activities in the plant rhizosphere. In this study, we analyzed soil samples from [...] Read more.
Microbes and enzymes play essential roles in soil and plant rhizosphere ecosystem functioning. However, fungicides and plant root secretions may impact the diversity and abundance of microbiota structure and enzymatic activities in the plant rhizosphere. In this study, we analyzed soil samples from the rhizosphere of four cannabinoid-rich hemp (Cannabis sativa) cultivars (Otto II, BaOx, Cherry Citrus, and Wife) subjected to three different treatments (natural infection, fungal inoculation, and fungicide treatment). DNA was extracted from the soil samples, 16S rDNA was sequenced, and data were analyzed for diversity and abundance among different fungicide treatments and hemp cultivars. Fungicide treatment significantly impacted the diversity and abundance of the hemp rhizosphere microbiota structure, and it substantially increased the abundance of the phyla Archaea and Rokubacteria. However, the abundances of the phyla Pseudomonadota and Gemmatimonadetes were substantially decreased in treatments with fungicides compared to those without fungicides in the four hemp cultivars. In addition, the diversity and abundance of the rhizosphere microbiota structure were influenced by hemp cultivars. The influence of Cherry Citrus on the diversity and abundance of the hemp rhizosphere microbiota structure was less compared to the other three hemp cultivars (Otto II, BaOx, and Wife). Moreover, fungicide treatment affected enzymatic activities in the hemp rhizosphere. The application of fungicides significantly decreased enzyme abundance in the rhizosphere of all four hemp cultivars. Enzymes such as dehydrogenase, dioxygenase, hydrolase, transferase, oxidase, carboxylase, and peptidase significantly decreased in all the four hemp rhizosphere treated with fungicides compared to those not treated. These enzymes may be involved in the function of metabolizing organic matter and degrading xenobiotics. The ecological significance of these findings lies in the recognition that fungicides impact enzymes, microbiota structure, and the overall ecosystem within the hemp rhizosphere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insight into Cannabinoid Effects 3.0)
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16 pages, 3041 KiB  
Article
Timeframe Analysis of Novel Synthetic Cannabinoids Effects: A Study on Behavioral Response and Endogenous Cannabinoids Disruption
by Jorge Carlos Pineda Garcia, Ren-Shi Li, Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri, Yoshitaka Tanaka and Yuji Ishii
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3083; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063083 - 7 Mar 2024
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Abstract
This study investigates the impact of SCs consumption by assessing the effects of three novel synthetic cannabinoids (SCs); MDMB-CHMINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, and APICA post-drug treatment. SCs are known for their rapid onset (<1 min) and prolonged duration (≥5 h). Therefore, this research aimed to [...] Read more.
This study investigates the impact of SCs consumption by assessing the effects of three novel synthetic cannabinoids (SCs); MDMB-CHMINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, and APICA post-drug treatment. SCs are known for their rapid onset (<1 min) and prolonged duration (≥5 h). Therefore, this research aimed to assess behavioral responses and their correlation with endocannabinoids (ECs) accumulation in the hippocampus, and EC’s metabolic enzymes alteration at different timeframes (1-3-5-h) following drug administration. Different extents of locomotive disruption and sustained anxiety-like symptoms were observed throughout all-encompassing timeframes of drug administration. Notably, MDMB-CHMINACA induced significant memory impairment at 1 and 3 h. Elevated levels of anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) were detected 1 h post-MDMB-CHMINACA and 5F-ADB-PINACA administration. Reduced mRNA expression levels of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) (AEA and 2-AG degrading enzymes, respectively), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) occurred at 1 h, with FAAH levels remaining reduced at 3 h. These findings suggest a connection between increased EC content and decreased BDNF expression following SC exposure. Cognitive disruption, particularly motor coordination decline and progressive loss manifested in a time-dependent manner across all the analyzed SCs. Our study highlights the importance of adopting a temporal framework when assessing the effects of SCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insight into Cannabinoid Effects 3.0)
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