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RNA Biology and Regulation

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2207

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This research topic addresses many of the eukaryotic gene expression steps mediated by RNAs. In eukaryotes, many kinds of RNAs are transcribed from genome DNA. Transcribed RNA molecules undergo multiple post-transcriptional processes such as splicing, editing, modification, transport, translation, and degradation. In other cases, RNAs themselves are involved in the regulation of gene expression steps in eukaryotes. A defect, mis-regulation, or malfunction of RNA metabolism processes often result in genetic diseases in humans.

As the Guest Editor of this Special Issue of IJMS, entitled “RNA Biology and Regulation”, I welcome submissions from many researchers working on the wide spectrum of biological and physiological processes in which RNAs are involved in higher eukaryotes. This Special Issue aims to gather manuscripts that address various RNA metabolism processes, such as transcription, splicing, editing, modification, transport, localization, translation, and degradation. Examples of topics for this Special Issue include both the basic science—elucidation of molecular mechanisms for RNA regulation—and the implications and applications for therapeutic approaches of human diseases. Manuscripts focusing on the potential role of RNAs in the diagnosis and therapy of RNA are also welcome. Formats suitable for submissions include original research reports, reviews, perspectives/opinions, and methodology articles.

Dr. Naoyuki Kataoka
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • RNA processing
  • RNA transport
  • RNA localization
  • RNA editing
  • RNA synthesis
  • RNA stability
  • RNA modification
  • translation
  • transcription
  • RNA metabolism
  • human diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2886 KiB  
Article
Advanced Prediction of Hepatic Oncogenic Transformation in HBV Patients via RNA-Seq Data Analysis and Deep Learning Techniques
by Zhengtai Li, Lei Huang and Changyuan Yu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 9827; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189827 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 792
Abstract
Liver cancer, recognized as a significant global health issue, is increasingly correlated with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as evidenced by numerous scientific studies. This study aims to examine the correlation between HBV infection and the development of liver cancer, focusing on using [...] Read more.
Liver cancer, recognized as a significant global health issue, is increasingly correlated with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as evidenced by numerous scientific studies. This study aims to examine the correlation between HBV infection and the development of liver cancer, focusing on using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to detect HBV sequences and applying deep learning techniques to estimate the likelihood of oncogenic transformation in individuals with HBV. Our study utilized RNA-seq data and employed Pathseq software and sophisticated deep learning models, including a convolutional neural network (CNN), to analyze the prevalence of HBV sequences in the samples of patients with liver cancer. Our research successfully identified the prevalence of HBV sequences and demonstrated that the CNN model achieved an exceptional Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.998 in predicting cancerous transformations. We observed no viral synergism that enhanced the pathogenicity of HBV. A detailed analysis of sequences misclassified by the CNN model revealed that longer sequences were more conducive to accurate recognition. The findings from this study provide critical insights into the management and prognosis of patients infected with HBV, highlighting the potential of advanced analytical techniques in understanding the complex interactions between viral infections and cancer development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RNA Biology and Regulation)
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17 pages, 3643 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis Expands lncRNA Functional Profiles in Breast Cancer
by Wenyong Zhu, Hao Huang, Zixi Hu, Yu Gu, Rongxin Zhang, Huiling Shu, Hongjia Liu and Xiao Sun
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8456; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158456 - 2 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1049
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that arises as a multi-stage process involving multiple cell types. Patients diagnosed with the same clinical stage and pathological classification may have different prognoses and therapeutic responses due to alterations in molecular genetics. As an essential marker [...] Read more.
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that arises as a multi-stage process involving multiple cell types. Patients diagnosed with the same clinical stage and pathological classification may have different prognoses and therapeutic responses due to alterations in molecular genetics. As an essential marker for the molecular subtyping of breast cancer, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in gene expression regulation, cell differentiation, and the maintenance of genomic stability. Here, we developed a modular framework for lncRNA identification and applied it to a breast cancer cohort to identify novel lncRNAs not previously annotated. To investigate the potential biological function, regulatory mechanisms, and clinical relevance of the novel lncRNAs, we elucidated the genomic and chromatin features of these lncRNAs, along with the associated protein-coding genes and putative enhancers involved in the breast cancer regulatory networks. Furthermore, we uncovered that the expression patterns of novel and annotated lncRNAs identified in breast cancer were related to the hormone response in the PAM50 subtyping criterion, as well as the immune response and progression states of breast cancer across different immune cells and immune checkpoint genes. Collectively, the comprehensive identification and functional analysis of lncRNAs revealed that these lncRNAs play an essential role in breast cancer by altering gene expression and participating in the regulatory networks, contributing to a better insight into breast cancer heterogeneity and potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RNA Biology and Regulation)
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