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Biotic and Abiotic Stress Effects on Plant Structure and Physiology...
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Biotic and Abiotic Stress Effects on Plant Structure and Physiology 2024

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 August 2024) | Viewed by 4139

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kosmas Haralampidis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
Interests: molecular plant development; genetics; ubiquitin ligase complexes; histone methylation complexes; plant cell wall; abiotic stress; plant secondary metabolism and PNPs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ioannis-Dimosthenis Adamakis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Botany, Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: abiotic/biotic stress effects on plants; plant cell biology; phytomorphogenesis; plant biomass utilization; innovative ecological quality monitoring systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants are subjected to a wide range of environmental stresses, which can be either of biotic or abiotic nature. Abiotic stress includes radiation, salinity, floods, drought, extremes in temperature, heavy metals, etc. On the other hand, attacks by various pathogens, such as fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, nematodes, and herbivores, are included in biotic stresses. As plants are sessile in nature, they are unable to escape from these environmental hazards. Therefore, plants have developed various mechanisms to overcome these potential life-threatening environmental conditions. Plant responses are largely dependent on the tissue or organ affected. They sense the external stress, get stimulated and then generate appropriate cellular responses that are reflected in the plant organ’s structural changes. The stimuli received from the sensors located on the cell surface or cytoplasm are transferred to the transcriptional machinery situated in the nucleus, with the help of various signal transduction pathways. The signaling pathways act as a connecting link and play an important role in sensing the stress and generating an appropriate biochemical and physiological response. There is an urgent need for a change of focus in plant stress research, in order to understand the nature of multiple stress responses and to create avenues for developing plants that are resistant to multiple stresses yet maintain high yields. This Special Issue focuses on the effects of biotic and abiotic stress interactions in plants, with an emphasis on elucidating the molecular/cellular/physiological mechanisms or even any morphological/anatomical adaptations involved. We encourage novices and experienced scientists to contribute original research papers and reviews on the effects of any environmental pressures on plants. Contributions at the organism, cellular, molecular, and -omic levels are highly welcome.

Dr. Kosmas Haralampidis
Dr. Ioannis-Dimosthenis Adamakis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • environmental extremes
  • pollutants
  • pathogens
  • oxidative stress
  • gene regulation
  • structural integrity
  • adaptations

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 26832 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of the GUX Gene Family in Eucalyptus grandis
by Linsi Li, Jiye Tang, Aimin Wu, Chunjie Fan and Huiling Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8199; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158199 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 861
Abstract
Xylan, one of the most important structures and polysaccharides, plays critical roles in plant development, growth, and defense responses to pathogens. Glucuronic acid substitution of xylan (GUX) functions in xylan sidechain decoration, which is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in [...] Read more.
Xylan, one of the most important structures and polysaccharides, plays critical roles in plant development, growth, and defense responses to pathogens. Glucuronic acid substitution of xylan (GUX) functions in xylan sidechain decoration, which is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in plants. However, the specifics of GUXs in trees remain unclear. In this study, the characterization and evolution of the GUX family genes in E. grandis, a fast-growing forest tree belonging to the Myrtaceae family, were performed. A total of 23 EgGUXs were identified from the E. grandis genome, of which all members contained motif 2, 3, 5, and 7. All GUX genes were phylogeneticly clustered into five distinct groups. Among them, EgGUX01~EgGUX05 genes were clustered into group III and IV, which were more closely related to the AtGUX1, AtGUX2, and AtGUX4 members of Arabidopsis thaliana known to possess glucuronyltransferase activity, while most other members were clustered into group I. The light-responsive elements, hormone-responsive elements, growth and development-responsive elements, and stress-responsive elements were found in the promoter cis-acting elements, suggesting the expression of GUX might also be regulated by abiotic factors. RNA-Seq data confirmed that EgGUX02, EgGUX03, and EgGUX10 are highly expressed in xylem, and EgGUX09, EgGUX10, and EgGUX14 were obviously responses to abiotic stresses. The results of this paper will provide a comprehensive determination of the functions of the EgGUX family members, which will further contribute to understanding E. grandis xylan formation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic and Abiotic Stress Effects on Plant Structure and Physiology 2024)
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14 pages, 8938 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome Analysis of Potato Leaves under Oxidative Stress
by Juping Liu, Xun Tang, Huanhuan Zhang, Meng Wei, Ning Zhang and Huaijun Si
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5994; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115994 - 30 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 831
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major global food crop, and oxidative stress can significantly impact its growth. Previous studies have shown that its resistance to oxidative stress is mainly related to transcription factors, post-translational modifications, and antioxidant enzymes in vivo, but [...] Read more.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major global food crop, and oxidative stress can significantly impact its growth. Previous studies have shown that its resistance to oxidative stress is mainly related to transcription factors, post-translational modifications, and antioxidant enzymes in vivo, but the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome data from potato leaves treated with H2O2 and Methyl viologen (MV), and a control group, for 12 h. We enriched 8334 (CK vs. H2O2) and 4445 (CK vs. MV) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively, and randomly selected 15 DEGs to verify the sequencing data by qRT-PCR. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly concentrated in cellular components and related to molecular function, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that most of the DEGs were related to metabolic pathways, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK-signaling pathway, and plant–pathogen interactions. In addition, several candidate transcription factors, mainly including MYB, WRKY, and genes associated with Ca2+-mediated signal transduction, were also found to be differentially expressed. Among them, the plant hormone genes Soltu.DM.03G022780 and Soltu.DM.06G019360, the CNGC gene Soltu.DM.06G006320, the MYB transcription factors Soltu.DM.06G004450 and Soltu.DM.09G002130, and the WRKY transcription factor Soltu.DM.06G020440 were noticeably highly expressed, which indicates that these are likely to be the key genes in the regulation of oxidative stress tolerance. Overall, these findings lay the foundation for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of potato leaves in response to oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic and Abiotic Stress Effects on Plant Structure and Physiology 2024)
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Review

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26 pages, 1466 KiB  
Review
Molecular Mechanisms of CBL-CIPK Signaling Pathway in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Hormone Crosstalk
by Cengiz Kaya, Ferhat Uğurlar and Ioannis-Dimosthenis S. Adamakis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 5043; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25095043 - 6 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
Abiotic stressors, including drought, salt, cold, and heat, profoundly impact plant growth and development, forcing elaborate cellular responses for adaptation and resilience. Among the crucial orchestrators of these responses is the CBL-CIPK pathway, comprising calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). [...] Read more.
Abiotic stressors, including drought, salt, cold, and heat, profoundly impact plant growth and development, forcing elaborate cellular responses for adaptation and resilience. Among the crucial orchestrators of these responses is the CBL-CIPK pathway, comprising calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). While CIPKs act as serine/threonine protein kinases, transmitting calcium signals, CBLs function as calcium sensors, influencing the plant’s response to abiotic stress. This review explores the intricate interactions between the CBL-CIPK pathway and plant hormones such as ABA, auxin, ethylene, and jasmonic acid (JA). It highlights their role in fine-tuning stress responses for optimal survival and acclimatization. Building on previous studies that demonstrated the enhanced stress tolerance achieved by upregulating CBL and CIPK genes, we explore the regulatory mechanisms involving post-translational modifications and protein–protein interactions. Despite significant contributions from prior research, gaps persist in understanding the nuanced interplay between the CBL-CIPK system and plant hormone signaling under diverse abiotic stress conditions. In contrast to broader perspectives, our review focuses on the interaction of the pathway with crucial plant hormones and its implications for genetic engineering interventions to enhance crop stress resilience. This specialized perspective aims to contribute novel insights to advance our understanding of the potential of the CBL-CIPK pathway to mitigate crops’ abiotic stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic and Abiotic Stress Effects on Plant Structure and Physiology 2024)
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