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Advances in Antimicrobial and Antiviral Nanoparticles 

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 6352

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
Interests: zooplankton; coral reed; behavior and feeding ecology; laser video optical application
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Guest Editor
Department Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Interests: integrative approaches in environmental and public health toxicology; emerging contaminants; trace elements; infectious diseases; antibiotics; antibiotic resistance; food and water safety; nanotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanostructures or nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly applied to target microorganisms as an alternative to traditional antibiotics. Nanotechnology may be particularly advantageous for treating bacterial/fungal infections and infections caused by protists or viruses. Examples of this nanotechnology include NPs in antimicrobial coatings for medicinal materials, antimicrobial vaccines, and implantable devices to prevent infection and promote wound healing. This also holds for antibiotic delivery systems used to treat infectious disease. At the same time, microbial diagnosis can be applied in systems for microbial detection. The antimicrobial mechanisms of NPs are poorly understood at the molecular level – this holds for clinical pathogens as well as expatriated pathogens in environmental settings or microbes that remediate antimicrobials. Currently, better-investigated toxicity mechanisms include the induction of oxidative stress as well as non-oxidative mechanisms and metal-ion release. Multiple simultaneous antimicrobial mechanisms are hypothesized for different NPs, such as those that induce adverse mutations or cause drug resistance, affect efflux pumps, induce apoptosis, or affect antioxidant systems or mitochondrial function. We assume that it is difficult for microbes to develop resistance against NPs and envision that nano-based antimicrobials have substantial potential. In this Special Issue, we welcome contributions on the antimicrobial mechanisms of NPs against microorganisms, in particular those involving molecular aspects. These contributions should address the gaps in research knowledge, the limitations of current research, and the discovery of promising novel future approaches to synthesis, characterization, clinical and environmental sciences, and modes of antimicrobial action of inorganic, organic and biogenic NPs for sustainability applications.

Prof. Dr. Jiang Shiou Hwang
Prof. Dr. Hans-Uwe Dahms
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanotechnology
  • antibiotic
  • resistance
  • nanostructure
  • pharmaceutical and environmental applications
  • remediation
  • green synthesis
  • sustainability
  • oxidative stress
  • photocatalytic

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3480 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Bimetallic BiPO4/ZnO Nanocomposite: Enhanced Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and Antibacterial Applications
by Muthukumar Krishnan, Harinee Subramanian, Sathish Kumar Ramachandran, Arulmozhi Muthukumarasamy, Dineshram Ramadoss, Ashok Mahalingam, Arthur James Rathinam, Hans-Uwe Dahms and Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 1947; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031947 - 18 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2265
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant strains (MDRs) are becoming a major concern in a variety of settings, including water treatment and the medical industry. Well-dispersed catalysts such as BiPO4, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), and different ratios of BiPO4/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized through hydrothermal [...] Read more.
Multidrug-resistant strains (MDRs) are becoming a major concern in a variety of settings, including water treatment and the medical industry. Well-dispersed catalysts such as BiPO4, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), and different ratios of BiPO4/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized through hydrothermal treatments. The morphological behavior of the prepared catalysts was characterized using XRD, Raman spectra, PL, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), SEM, EDX, and Fe-SEM. MDRs were isolated and identified by the 16s rDNA technique as belonging to B. flexus, B. filamentosus, P. stutzeri, and A. baumannii. The antibacterial activity against MDRs and the photocatalytic methylene blue (MB) dye degradation activity of the synthesized NPs and NCs were studied. The results demonstrate that the prepared BiPO4/ZnO-NCs (B1Z4-75:300; NCs-4) caused a maximum growth inhibition of 20 mm against A. baumannii and a minimum growth inhibition of 12 mm against B. filamentosus at 80 μg mL−1 concentrations of the NPs and NCs. Thus, NCs-4 might be a suitable alternative to further explore and develop as an antibacterial agent. The obtained results statistically justified the data (p ≤ 0.05) via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the results of the antibacterial and photocatalytic study, we selected the best bimetallic NCs-4 for the photoexcited antibacterial effect of MDRs, including Gram ve+ and Gram ve strains, via UV light irradiation. The flower-like NCs-4 composites showed more effectiveness than those of BiPO4, ZnO, and other ratios of NCs. The results encourage the development of flower-like NCs-4 to enhance the photocatalytic antibacterial technique for water purification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Antimicrobial and Antiviral Nanoparticles )
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20 pages, 5687 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis of Endolichenic Fungi Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles: The Role in Antimicrobial, Anti-Cancer, and Mosquitocidal Activities
by Yugal Kishore Mohanta, Debasis Nayak, Awdhesh Kumar Mishra, Ishani Chakrabartty, Manjit Kumar Ray, Tapan Kumar Mohanta, Kumananda Tayung, Rajapandian Rajaganesh, Murugan Vasanthakumaran, Saravanan Muthupandian, Kadarkarai Murugan, Gouridutta Sharma, Hans-Uwe Dahms and Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810626 - 13 Sep 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3444
Abstract
Green nanotechnology is currently a very crucial and indispensable technology for handling diverse problems regarding the living planet. The concoction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has opened new insights in cancer therapy. The current investigation caters to [...] Read more.
Green nanotechnology is currently a very crucial and indispensable technology for handling diverse problems regarding the living planet. The concoction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has opened new insights in cancer therapy. The current investigation caters to the concept of the involvement of a novel eco-friendly avenue to produce AgNPs employing the wild endolichenic fungus Talaromyces funiculosus. The synthesized Talaromyces funiculosus–AgNPs were evaluated with the aid of UV visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized Talaromyces funiculosus–AgNPs (TF-AgNPs) exhibited hemo-compatibility as evidenced by a hemolytic assay. Further, they were evaluated for their efficacy against foodborne pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua, and Micrococcus luteus and nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains. The synthesized TF-AgNPs displayed cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner against MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells and eventually condensed the chromatin material observed through the Hoechst 33342 stain. Subsequent analysis using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy provided the inference of a possible role of intracellular ROS (OH, O, H2O2, and O2) radicals in the destruction of mitochondria, DNA machinery, the nucleus, and overall damage of the cellular machinery of breast cancerous cells. The combined effect of predation by the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis and TF-AgNPS for the larval management of dengue vectors were provided. A promising larval control was evident after the conjunction of both predatory organisms and bio-fabricated nanoparticles. Thus, this study provides a novel, cost-effective, extracellular approach of TF-AgNPs production with hemo-compatible, antioxidant, and antimicrobial efficacy against both human and foodborne pathogens with cytotoxicity (dose dependent) towards MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Antimicrobial and Antiviral Nanoparticles )
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