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Molecular Regulation in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases
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Molecular Regulation in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 4951

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Alister C. Ward

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
Interests: cytokines; cell signaling; JAK-STAT pathway; SOCS; hematopoiesis; leukocytes lymphocytes; leukemia; lymphoma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The immune system represents a sophisticated, interconnected and finely balanced militia of cells. These are able to elicit a plethora of functions that collectively protect against a range of insults experienced by an organism over its life course, thereby maintaining health and well-being. However, balance within the immune system can easily be disrupted leading to a variety of disorders, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

This Special Issue, entitled ‘Molecular Regulation in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases’ aims to explore the key molecular regulators within the immune system, both positive and negative, and how their perturbation leads to relevant diseases. Both primary research and topical review manuscripts will be considered.

Prof. Dr. Alister C. Ward
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammation
  • autoimmunity
  • cytokine
  • chemokine
  • molecular regulation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1954 KiB  
Communication
Serum Concentration of IL-5 Receptor (IL-5R) and Associations with Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) and Atopic Dermatitis (AD)
by Krzysztof Gomułka, Maciej Tota, Julia Laska, Karina Gojny and Łukasz Sędek
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7598; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147598 - 11 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1024
Abstract
The immunological pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has not been fully elucidated yet. The aim of our research was to assess the serum concentration of interleukin-5 receptor (IL-5R) in relation to the disease activity and pruritus intensity in [...] Read more.
The immunological pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has not been fully elucidated yet. The aim of our research was to assess the serum concentration of interleukin-5 receptor (IL-5R) in relation to the disease activity and pruritus intensity in adult patients with AD and CSU. This pilot study included 45 participants (15 patients with AD, 15 patients with CSU, and 15 healthy controls). Blood samples were taken to examine the serum levels of IL-5R using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index, the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess the disease activity and the pruritus intensity, respectively. Obtained results revealed that the IL-5R concentration was significantly higher in patients with CSU than in patients with AD and in the controls (p = 0.038). There was a positive correlation between the IL-5R level and the SCORAD index in patients with AD (r = −0.9, p = 0.047), which was not found for the CSU activity by UAS7 and with the pruritus severity by VAS in both examined groups of patients. Our findings underscore higher serum levels of IL-5R among CSU and AD patients, which may highlight its functional role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In contrast, IL-5R might not be fully useful in reflecting the severity of symptoms. Although our results are promising, this study should be conducted on a larger cohort of patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Regulation in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases)
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Review

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15 pages, 1005 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic and Immunologic Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
by Ignacio Ventura, Miryam Chomon-García, Francisco Tomás-Aguirre, Alma Palau-Ferré, María Ester Legidos-García, María Teresa Murillo-Llorente and Marcelino Pérez-Bermejo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(20), 10879; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252010879 - 10 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1986
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent intestinal inflammation. Its etiopathogenesis is driven by a series of events that disrupt the mucosal barrier, alter the healthy balance of intestinal microbiota, and abnormally stimulate intestinal immune responses. Therefore, numerous studies suggest [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent intestinal inflammation. Its etiopathogenesis is driven by a series of events that disrupt the mucosal barrier, alter the healthy balance of intestinal microbiota, and abnormally stimulate intestinal immune responses. Therefore, numerous studies suggest the use of short-chain fatty acids and their immunomodulatory effects as a therapeutic approach in this disease. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize previous evidence on the relevance and therapeutic use of short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, in the immune regulation of inflammatory bowel disease. This systematic review of articles linking inflammatory bowel disease with short-chain fatty acids was conducted according to the PRISMA-2020 guidelines. The Medline and the Web of Science databases were searched in August 2024. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. A total of 1460 articles were reviewed, of which, 29 met the inclusion criteria. Short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, play a critical role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and can be used as a strategy to increase the levels of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria for use in therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Regulation in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases)
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13 pages, 4960 KiB  
Review
ETS Transcription Factors in Immune Cells and Immune-Related Diseases
by Yaxu Yang, Xue Han, Lijun Sun, Fangyu Shao, Yue Yin and Weizhen Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 10004; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810004 - 17 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1275
Abstract
The development, differentiation, and function of immune cells are precisely regulated by transcription factors. The E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor family is involved in various physiological and pathological processes by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Emerging evidence has suggested that ETS family [...] Read more.
The development, differentiation, and function of immune cells are precisely regulated by transcription factors. The E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor family is involved in various physiological and pathological processes by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Emerging evidence has suggested that ETS family proteins are intimately involved in the development and function of immune cells. This review summarizes the role of the ETS family in immune cells and immune-related disorders. Seven transcription factors within the ETS family, including PU.1, ETV5, ETV6, ETS1/2, ELK3, and ELF1, play essential roles in the development and function of T cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Furthermore, they are involved in the occurrence and development of immune-related diseases, including tumors, allergies, autoimmune diseases, and arteriosclerosis. This review is conducive to a comprehensive overview of the role of the ETS family in immune cells, and thus is informative for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the ETS family for immune-related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Regulation in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases)
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