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Causes, Molecular Research, and Treatment in Skin Inflammation
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Causes, Molecular Research, and Treatment in Skin Inflammation

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 12865

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wen-Hung Chung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
Interests: drug hypersensitivity; SCAR; vitiligo; atopic dermatitis; skin disorders
Dr. Chuang-Wei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
Interests: drug hypersensitivity; SCAR; psoriasis; pharmacogenetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

CD4+Th1, Th2, Th17, and CD8+ T cells are known to be involved in triggering the immune overactivation and pathogenesis of skin disorders. In this research topic, we focused on the functional role of allergic T-mediated responses and cytokine/chemokine/cytotoxic proteins (e.g., TNF-a, IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, TARC, IFN-r, CXCL9, granulysin, granzyme B, etc.) associated with the development of the skin disorders, including severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCAR), vitiligo, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc. We are interested in providing novel immune mechanisms, updating treatment strategies, and identifying useful biomarkers for T cell-mediated skin inflammation.

Dr. Wen-Hung Chung
Dr. Chuang-Wei Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • alopecia areata
  • atopic dermatitis
  • cytokines
  • chemokines
  • T cell
  • severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions
  • vitiligo
  • pharmacogenetics
  • psoriasis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2105 KiB  
Article
Compositional Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Psoriasis Treated with IL-23 and IL-17 Inhibitors
by Yu-Huei Huang, Lun-Ching Chang, Ya-Ching Chang, Wen-Hung Chung, Shun-Fa Yang and Shih-Chi Su
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(5), 4568; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054568 - 26 Feb 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3341
Abstract
Alterations in the gut microbiota composition and their associated metabolic dysfunction exist in psoriasis. However, the impact of biologics on shaping gut microbiota is not well known. This study aimed to determine the association of gut microorganisms and microbiome-encoded metabolic pathways with the [...] Read more.
Alterations in the gut microbiota composition and their associated metabolic dysfunction exist in psoriasis. However, the impact of biologics on shaping gut microbiota is not well known. This study aimed to determine the association of gut microorganisms and microbiome-encoded metabolic pathways with the treatment in patients with psoriasis. A total of 48 patients with psoriasis, including 30 cases who received an IL-23 inhibitor (guselkumab) and 18 cases who received an IL-17 inhibitor (secukinumab or ixekizumab) were recruited. Longitudinal profiles of the gut microbiome were conducted by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The gut microbial compositions dynamically changed in psoriatic patients during a 24-week treatment. The relative abundance of individual taxa altered differently between patients receiving the IL-23 inhibitor and those receiving the IL-17 inhibitor. Functional prediction of the gut microbiome revealed microbial genes related to metabolism involving the biosynthesis of antibiotics and amino acids were differentially enriched between responders and non-responders receiving IL-17 inhibitors, as the abundance of the taurine and hypotaurine pathway was found to be augmented in responders treated with the IL-23 inhibitor. Our analyses showed a longitudinal shift in the gut microbiota in psoriatic patients after treatment. These taxonomic signatures and functional alterations of the gut microbiome could serve as potential biomarkers for the response to biologics treatment in psoriasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Causes, Molecular Research, and Treatment in Skin Inflammation)
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Review

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13 pages, 2490 KiB  
Review
Etiopathogenesis and Emerging Methods for Treatment of Vitiligo
by Tomasz Iwanowski, Karol Kołkowski, Roman Janusz Nowicki and Małgorzata Sokołowska-Wojdyło
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9749; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119749 - 5 Jun 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5361
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired chronic depigmenting disorder of skin. It is mostly asymptomatic and characterized by amelanotic macules and patches that affects 0.5% to 2% of the world’s population. The etiology of vitiligo has not been clearly elucidated and multiple theories have been [...] Read more.
Vitiligo is an acquired chronic depigmenting disorder of skin. It is mostly asymptomatic and characterized by amelanotic macules and patches that affects 0.5% to 2% of the world’s population. The etiology of vitiligo has not been clearly elucidated and multiple theories have been proposed regarding the causes of the disorder. Among the most prevalent theories, the genetic predisposition, oxidative stress theory, promotion of cellular stress and pathologic influence of lymphocytes T have been highlighted. As a result of increases in in-depth knowledge concerning the pathogenetic processes in vitiligo, we review the most recent information concerning its etiopathogenesis and treatment methods including topical and oral Janus kinase inhibitors, prostaglandins and their analogues, namely afamelanotide, Wnt/β-catenin-signaling agonists and cell-based therapies. Topical ruxolitinib has been registered for vitiligo treatment, whereas other agents as oral ritlecitinib, afamelanotide and latanoprost have been studied in ongoing clinical trials. New highly effective therapeutic strategies may be developed thanks to molecular and genetic studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Causes, Molecular Research, and Treatment in Skin Inflammation)
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22 pages, 838 KiB  
Review
Pharmacogenomics on the Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriasis: An Updated Review
by Ching-Ya Wang, Chuang-Wei Wang, Chun-Bing Chen, Wei-Ti Chen, Ya-Ching Chang, Rosaline Chung-Yee Hui and Wen-Hung Chung
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7329; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087329 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3447
Abstract
The efficacy and the safety of psoriasis medications have been proved in trials, but unideal responses and side effects are noted in clinical practice. Genetic predisposition is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Hence, pharmacogenomics gives the hint of predictive treatment [...] Read more.
The efficacy and the safety of psoriasis medications have been proved in trials, but unideal responses and side effects are noted in clinical practice. Genetic predisposition is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Hence, pharmacogenomics gives the hint of predictive treatment response individually. This review highlights the current pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic studies of medical therapy in psoriasis. HLA-Cw*06 status remains the most promising predictive treatment response in certain drugs. Numerous genetic variants (such as ABC transporter, DNMT3b, MTHFR, ANKLE1, IL-12B, IL-23R, MALT1, CDKAL1, IL17RA, IL1B, LY96, TLR2, etc.) are also found to be associated with treatment response for methotrexate, cyclosporin, acitretin, anti-TNF, anti-IL-12/23, anti-IL-17, anti-PDE4 agents, and topical therapy. Due to the high throughput sequencing technologies and the dramatic increase in sequencing cost, pharmacogenomic tests prior to treatment by whole exome sequencing or whole genome sequencing may be applied in clinical in the future. Further investigations are necessary to manifest potential genetic markers for psoriasis treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Causes, Molecular Research, and Treatment in Skin Inflammation)
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