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Biomarkers and Early Detection Strategies of Ovarian Tumors

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 1458

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: ovarian tumors; molecular diagnostics; bioinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to announce a new Special Issue entitled “Biomarkers and Early Detection Strategies of Ovarian Tumors”, and we wish to to offer authors the opportunity to publish review and original articles related to this scientifically interesting and clinically relevant topic.

Despite the development of new therapies and a better understanding of its biology, ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) remains the leading cause of death in women diagnosed with female genital tract cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2024, about 19,680 new cases of ovarian cancer will be diagnosed and 12,740 women will die of ovarian cancer in the United States. In other countries, especially those in which cancer prevention, screening, and diagnosis are less developed, the mortality rates due to this malignancy are even higher. This extremely unfavorable outcome of OvCa is mainly caused by the problems with its early detection, when the disease is curable. Apart from OvCa, borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs), considered an intermediate stage between benign tumors and OvCa, also constitute a serious medical problem. BOTs are relatively rare compared to ovarian cancer, but, in contrast to most OvCa, they usually occur in women of reproductive age. Furthermore, some of them may recur, usually as BOTs but sometimes as OvCas.

Considering these facts, the identification of new molecular biomarkers that make qualitative or quantitative alterations to BOTs and OvCas in genomes, methylomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, or metabolomes is of paramount importance in the fight againast these neoplasms. Hopefully, the results of your research studies, when presented in this Special Issue, will provide a groundwork for the development of novel, more effective, and less aggravating methods for ovarian tumor detection, diagnosis, and treatment.

Dr. Lukasz M. Szafron
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomarker
  • ovarian cancer
  • borderline ovarian tumor
  • genetic variant
  • epigenetics
  • transciptomics
  • proteomics
  • metabolomics
  • ovarian tumor prevention
  • ovarian tumor treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 13371 KiB  
Article
An Analysis of Genetic Polymorphisms in 76 Genes Related to the Development of Ovarian Tumors of Different Aggressiveness
by Laura A. Szafron, Piotr Sobiczewski, Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk and Lukasz M. Szafron
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(20), 10876; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252010876 - 10 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 778
Abstract
Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTS) are rare neoplasms of intermediate aggressiveness between cystadenomas and low-grade ovarian cancers (lgOvCa), which they share some molecular resemblances with. In contrast to the most frequent and well-described high-grade ovarian carcinomas (hgOvCa), the molecular background of BOTS and lgOvCa [...] Read more.
Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTS) are rare neoplasms of intermediate aggressiveness between cystadenomas and low-grade ovarian cancers (lgOvCa), which they share some molecular resemblances with. In contrast to the most frequent and well-described high-grade ovarian carcinomas (hgOvCa), the molecular background of BOTS and lgOvCa is less thoroughly characterized. Here, we aimed to analyze genetic variants in crucial tumor suppressors and oncogenes in BOTS (with or without the BRAF V600E mutation), lgOvCa, and hgOvCa in two gene panels using next-generation sequencing. Then, we verified the existence of selected polymorphisms by Sanger sequencing. Finally, Western blot analyses were carried out to check the impact of the selected polymorphisms on the expression of the corresponding proteins. Our study contributes to the molecular characterization of ovarian neoplasms, demonstrating divergent polymorphic patterns pointing to distinct signaling pathways engaged in their development. Certain mutations seem to play an important role in BOTS without the BRAF V600E variant (KRAS) and in lgOvCa (KRAS and NRAS), but not in hgOvCa. Additionally, based on multivariable regression analyses, potential biomarkers in BOTS (PARP1) and hgOvCa (FANCI, BRCA2, TSC2, FANCF) were identified. Noteworthy, for some of the analyzed genes, such as FANCI, FANCD2, and FANCI, FANCF, TSC2, the status of BRCA1/2 and TP53, respectively, turned out to be crucial. Our results shed new light on the similarities and differences in the polymorphic patterns between ovarian tumors of diverse aggressiveness. Furthermore, the biomarkers identified herein are of potential use as predictors of the prognosis and/or response to therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers and Early Detection Strategies of Ovarian Tumors)
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