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Molecular Insight into Cardiovascular and Brain Aging

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 5779

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandro Cannavo

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Guest Editor

Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular disease; G protein coupled receptor; neurodegenerative disorders; periodontitis; pharmacology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Gennaro Pagano

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Guest Editor

F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
Interests: neuropsychopharmacology; cognitive dysfunction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Beatrice Arosio

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Guest Editor

1. Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
2. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: aging; longevity; cognitive decline; biomarkers; inflammation; cellular bioenergetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During the last century, the proportion of older adults has rapidly increased, generating enormous costs for the national healthcare systems. Indeed, the aging process is associated with organ/cell functionality alteration, leading to more frequent and severe diseases than those observed at a younger age. For instance, age-related neuronal transmission and function changes mean that neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease are more common in older people. Similarly, the adverse effects on the vasculature and the heart, which are observed with aging, contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many of these aforementioned aging-related diseases seem to cause less morbidity and mortality among centenarians, which are considered a "successful" or healthy aging model. Unfortunately, the explanation for this is not straightforward. Thus, there is a keen interest in understanding the molecular basis of aging and identifying a potential strategy to help with healthy and natural aging.

This Special Issue aims to collect all innovative research and review articles that address various aspects of the molecular mechanisms underpinning age-related modifications responsible for the onset of CVD and neurodegenerative disorders.

Dr. Alessandro Cannavo
Dr. Gennaro Pagano
Dr. Beatrice Arosio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

aging
brain
cardiac
vascular
neurodegeneration
cardiovascular disease
mechanisms

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Research

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13 pages, 1501 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Circulating Neurofilament Light Chain Levels Increase with Age and Are Associated with Worse Physical Function and Body Composition in Men but Not in Women

by Xavier Capo, Aina Maria Galmes-Panades, Cayetano Navas-Enamorado, Ana Ortega-Moral, Silvia Marín, Marta Cascante, Andrés Sánchez-Polo, Luis Masmiquel, Margalida Torrens-Mas and Marta Gonzalez-Freire

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12751; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612751 - 13 Aug 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1872

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the relationship between age-related changes in Neurofilament Light Chain (NFL), a marker of neuronal function, and various factors including muscle function, body composition, and metabolomic markers. The study included 40 participants, aged 20 to 85 years. NFL levels were measured, and muscle function, body composition, and metabolomic markers were assessed. NFL levels increased significantly with age, particularly in men. Negative correlations were found between NFL levels and measures of muscle function, such as grip strength, walking speed, and chair test performance, indicating a decline in muscle performance with increasing NFL. These associations were more pronounced in men. NFL levels also negatively correlated with muscle quality in men, as measured by 50 kHz phase angle. In terms of body composition, NFL was positively correlated with markers of fat mass and negatively correlated with markers of muscle mass, predominantly in men. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant associations between NFL levels and specific metabolites, with gender-dependent relationships observed. This study provides insights into the relationship between circulating serum NFL, muscle function, and aging. Our findings hint at circulating NFL as a potential early marker of age-associated neurodegenerative processes, especially in men. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insight into Cardiovascular and Brain Aging)

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15 pages, 645 KiB

Open AccessReview

Genetics of Multiple System Atrophy and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Systemized Review of the Literature

by Anastasia Bougea

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(6), 5281; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065281 - 9 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3228

Abstract

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are uncommon multifactorial atypical Parkinsonian syndromes, expressed by various clinical features. MSA and PSP are commonly considered sporadic neurodegenerative disorders; however, our understanding is improving of their genetic framework. The purpose of this study was to critically review the genetics of MSA and PSP and their involvement in the pathogenesis. A systemized literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE was performed up to 1 January 2023. Narrative synthesis of the results was undertaken. In total, 43 studies were analyzed. Although familial MSA cases have been reported, the hereditary nature could not be demonstrated. COQ2 mutations were involved in familial and sporadic MSA, without being reproduced in various clinical populations. In terms of the genetics of the cohort, synuclein alpha (SNCA) polymorphisms were correlated with an elevated likelihood of manifesting MSA in Caucasians, but a causal effect relationship could not be demonstrated. Fifteen MAPT mutations were linked with PSP. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an infrequent monogenic mutation of PSP. Dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1) mutations may imitate the PSP phenotype. GWAS have noted many risk loci of PSP (STX6 and EIF2AK3), suggesting pathogenetic mechanisms related to PSP. Despite the limited evidence, it seems that genetics influence the susceptibility to MSA and PSP. MAPT mutations result in the MSA and PSP pathologies. Further studies are crucial to elucidate the pathogeneses of MSA and PSP, which will support efforts to develop novel drug options. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insight into Cardiovascular and Brain Aging)

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