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Glutamate Receptors in Health and Disease 2021–2022

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 3165

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Smętna Str. 12, 31‐343 Kraków, Poland
Interests: schizophrenia; metabotropic glutamate receptors; animal models; psychiatric disorders; serotonine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
Interests: schizophrenia; metabotropic glutamate receptors; animal models; psychiatric disorders; serotonine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Glutamate constitutes the most abundant neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system and influences the majority of processes in health and disease. In the human brain, almost 90% of the synaptic connections involve glutamate. Glutamate plays a pivotal role in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory processes and regulates growth cones and synaptogenesis during brain development. Excessive glutamate release and subsequent excitotoxicity occurs in ischemic cascade, stroke, and seizures. Disturbed glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to autism, some forms of intellectual disability, depression, schizophrenia, and diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lathyrism, and Alzheimer's disease.

Glutamate activity is regulated by a variety of receptors, including AMPA, NMDA, KA, and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu). The AMPA, NMDA, and KA receptors are ionotropic receptors specialized for fast excitation, while metabotropic receptors act through second messenger systems to create slow, sustained effects. Glutamate excess is rapidly removed from the extracellular space by glutamatergic transporters (EAAT and VGLUT) that are located both in neurons and astrocytes.

All glutamatergic receptors were shown in neuroscience drug discovery studies to be excellent drug targets. Due to their pharmacological properties and localization, the mGlu receptors are especially important and promising.

This Special Issue, “Glutamate Receptors in Health and Disease”, aims to provide a summary of the field, to explore recent advances in the role of glutamate receptors in brain development and functioning, and to discuss how can we use pharmacological tools to regulate glutamatergic neurotransmissions in mental and neurodegenerative disorders. We invite authors to submit original research and review articles related to any of these aspects.

Dr. Joanna Wierońska
Dr. Paulina Cieslik
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • glutamate
  • metabotropic glutamate receptors
  • ionotropic glutamate receptors
  • psychiatric disorders
  • neurodegeneration
  • synaptic plasticity
  • brain development
  • glutamate transporters

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 2742 KiB  
Article
Differential Effects of Human P301L Tau Expression in Young versus Aged Mice
by Holly C. Hunsberger, Sharay E. Setti, Carolyn C. Rudy, Daniel S. Weitzner, Jeremiah C. Pfitzer, Kelli L. McDonald, Hao Hong, Subhrajit Bhattacharya, Vishnu Suppiramaniam and Miranda N. Reed
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(21), 11637; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111637 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2665
Abstract
The greatest risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasing age. Understanding the changes that occur in aging that make an aged brain more susceptible to developing AD could result in novel therapeutic targets. In order to better understand these changes, the [...] Read more.
The greatest risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasing age. Understanding the changes that occur in aging that make an aged brain more susceptible to developing AD could result in novel therapeutic targets. In order to better understand these changes, the current study utilized mice harboring a regulatable mutant P301L human tau transgene (rTg(TauP301L)4510), in which P301L tau expression can be turned off or on by the addition or removal of doxycycline in the drinking water. This regulatable expression allowed for assessment of aging independent of prolonged mutant tau expression. Our results suggest that P301L expression in aged mice enhances memory deficits in the Morris water maze task. These behavioral changes may be due to enhanced late-stage tau pathology, as evidenced by immunoblotting and exacerbated hippocampal dysregulation of glutamate release and uptake measured by the microelectrode array technique. We additionally observed changes in proteins important for the regulation of glutamate and tau phosphorylation that may mediate these age-related changes. Thus, age and P301L tau interact to exacerbate tau-induced detrimental alterations in aged animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Glutamate Receptors in Health and Disease 2021–2022)
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