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Transcriptional Regulation in Lipid Metabolism 2.0
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Transcriptional Regulation in Lipid Metabolism 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2020) | Viewed by 4729

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Hitoshi Shimano

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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8575, Japan; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8575, Japan
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yoshimi Nakagawa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Insutitute for Interative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), Univerity of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-85875, Japan
Interests: energy homeostasis; lipid metabolism; transcription factor; CREBH; SREBP; hyperlipidemia; diabetes; atherosclerosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the increase in calorie misappropriation and lack of exercise in recent years, the number of patients with lifestyle diseases has been increasing, and this matter is a social problem that is being increasingly faced all over the world. Lipid metabolism has a crucial role in the pathology of these diseases. Abnormalities in lipid metabolism deteriorate to hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), and eventually, coronary artery disease and cancer. Thus, its elucidation is important for the improvement of lifestyle diseases. Dysregulation in lipid metabolism is caused by the accumulation of abnormalities in long-term gene expression levels. Therefore, understanding at the transcriptional level is necessary. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism. Among new findings in the regulation of gene expression related to lipid metabolism, including transcription factors, non-coding RNA, and epigenetic modifiers, we need to consider ways to treat lifestyle diseases in the future.

Prof. Hitoshi Shimano
Dr. Yoshimi Nakagawa
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • lipid metabolism
  • glucose metabolism
  • gene expression
  • transcription factor
  • non-coding RNA
  • epigenetics
  • fatty liver
  • atherosclerosis
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • cancer

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 6815 KiB  
Article
Function and Transcriptional Regulation of Bovine TORC2 Gene in Adipocytes: Roles of C/EBPγ, XBP1, INSM1 and ZNF263
by Rajwali Khan, Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza, Zainaguli Junjvlieke, Wang Xiaoyu, Matthew Garcia, Ibrahim Elsaeid Elnour, Wang Hongbao and Zan Linsen
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(18), 4338; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184338 - 4 Sep 2019
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 4361
Abstract
The TORC2 gene is a member of the transducer of the regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein gene family, which plays a key role in metabolism and adipogenesis. In the present study, we confirmed the role of TORC2 in bovine [...] Read more.
The TORC2 gene is a member of the transducer of the regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein gene family, which plays a key role in metabolism and adipogenesis. In the present study, we confirmed the role of TORC2 in bovine preadipocyte proliferation through cell cycle staining flow cytometry, cell counting assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining (EdU), and mRNA and protein expression analysis of proliferation-related marker genes. In addition, Oil red O staining analysis, immunofluorescence of adiponectin, mRNA and protein level expression of lipid related marker genes confirmed the role of TORC2 in the regulation of bovine adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, the transcription start site and sub-cellular localization of the TORC2 gene was identified in bovine adipocytes. To investigate the underlying regulatory mechanism of the bovine TORC2, we cloned a 1990 bp of the 5’ untranslated region (5′UTR) promoter region into a luciferase reporter vector and seven vector fragments were constructed through serial deletion of the 5′UTR flanking region. The core promoter region of the TORC2 gene was identified at location −314 to −69 bp upstream of the transcription start site. Based on the results of the transcriptional activities of the promoter vector fragments, luciferase activities of mutated fragments and siRNAs interference, four transcription factors (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein C/BEPγ, X-box binding protein 1 XBP1, Insulinoma-associated 1 INSM1, and Zinc finger protein 263 ZNF263) were identified as the transcriptional regulators of TORC2 gene. These findings were further confirmed through Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) within nuclear extracts of bovine adipocytes. Furthermore, we also identified that C/EBPγ, XBP1, INSM1 and ZNF263 regulate TORC2 gene as activators in the promoter region. We can conclude that TORC2 gene is potentially a positive regulator of adipogenesis. These findings will not only provide an insight for the improvement of intramuscular fat in cattle, but will enhance our understanding regarding therapeutic intervention of metabolic syndrome and obesity in public health as well. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transcriptional Regulation in Lipid Metabolism 2.0)
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