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Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications
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Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2019) | Viewed by 43750

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Neus Feliu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fachbereich Physik und Chemie and Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universitat Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Interests: nano-bio interactions, nanosafety research; nanomedicine; nanomatrials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Monica Carril

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biophysics Institute (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
Interests: nano-bio interactions; nanomedicine; nanoprobes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The formation of the biomolecular corona influences the behavior of nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo and ultimately its final fate and successful application. Detailed investigation of the biological identity of nanoparticles under different physiological conditions and environments is needed to improve understanding of the protein-nanoparticle interactions. Therefore, it is essential to provide with precise analysis of the corona, to be able to predict the biological interactions and to improve nanomedicines toward its clinical translation.

In this Special Issue, we aim to provide an overview of the current advances and pitfalls on the bio-nano interactions field. We would like to invite you to submit research papers or review articles discussing the most recent advances in this research area. We expect contributions from a broad community of scientists working on a wide range of disciplines, covering from nanomaterial synthesis to biomedical applications, toxicity implications as well as novel approaches and biotechniques for accurate bio-corona analysis on nanoparticles.

We look forward to receiving your valuable research contributions.

Dr. Neus Feliu
Dr. Monica Carril
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • Protein Corona
  • Nano-bio interactions
  • Targeting
  • Nanomedicine
  • Nanomaterials
  • Toxicity

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2541 KiB  
Article
Impact of Carbon Nanomaterials on the Antioxidant System of Tomato Seedlings
by Yolanda González-García, Elsy Rubisela López-Vargas, Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego, Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza, Susana González-Morales, Armando Robledo-Olivo, Ángel Gabriel Alpuche-Solís and Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(23), 5858; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235858 - 22 Nov 2019
Cited by 47 | Viewed by 4406
Abstract
Tomato is one of the most economically important vegetables worldwide and is constantly threatened by various biotic and abiotic stress factors reducing the quality and quantity in the production of this crop. As an alternative to mitigate stress in plants, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) [...] Read more.
Tomato is one of the most economically important vegetables worldwide and is constantly threatened by various biotic and abiotic stress factors reducing the quality and quantity in the production of this crop. As an alternative to mitigate stress in plants, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have been used in agricultural areas. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant responses of tomato seedlings to the application via foliar and drench of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GP). Different doses (10, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1) and a control were evaluated. The results showed that the fresh and dry root weight increased with the application of CNMs. Regarding the antioxidant responses of tomato seedlings, the application of CNMs increased the content of phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, glutathione, photosynthetic pigments, activity of the enzyme’s ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase as well as the content of proteins. Therefore, the use of carbon-based nanomaterials could be a good alternative to induce tolerance to different stress in tomato crop. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications)
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11 pages, 3031 KiB  
Article
Investigating Possible Enzymatic Degradation on Polymer Shells around Inorganic Nanoparticles
by Lin Zhu, Beatriz Pelaz, Indranath Chakraborty and Wolfgang J. Parak
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(4), 935; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040935 - 21 Feb 2019
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4116
Abstract
Inorganic iron oxide nanoparticle cores as model systems for inorganic nanoparticles were coated with shells of amphiphilic polymers, to which organic fluorophores were linked with different conjugation chemistries, including 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) chemistry and two types of “click chemistry”. The nanoparticle-dye conjugates were exposed [...] Read more.
Inorganic iron oxide nanoparticle cores as model systems for inorganic nanoparticles were coated with shells of amphiphilic polymers, to which organic fluorophores were linked with different conjugation chemistries, including 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) chemistry and two types of “click chemistry”. The nanoparticle-dye conjugates were exposed to different enzymes/enzyme mixtures in order to investigate potential enzymatic degradation of the fluorophore-modified polymer shell. The release of the dyes and polymer fragments upon enzymatic digestion was quantified by using fluorescence spectroscopy. The data indicate that enzymatic cleavage of the fluorophore-modified organic surface coating around the inorganic nanoparticles in fact depends on the used conjugation chemistry, together with the types of enzymes to which the nanoparticle-dye conjugates are exposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications)
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Review

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24 pages, 7704 KiB  
Review
Recent Developments in the Design of Non-Biofouling Coatings for Nanoparticles and Surfaces
by Carlos Sanchez-Cano and Mónica Carril
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(3), 1007; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031007 - 3 Feb 2020
Cited by 71 | Viewed by 7420
Abstract
Biofouling is a major issue in the field of nanomedicine and consists of the spontaneous and unwanted adsorption of biomolecules on engineered surfaces. In a biological context and referring to nanoparticles (NPs) acting as nanomedicines, the adsorption of biomolecules found in blood (mostly [...] Read more.
Biofouling is a major issue in the field of nanomedicine and consists of the spontaneous and unwanted adsorption of biomolecules on engineered surfaces. In a biological context and referring to nanoparticles (NPs) acting as nanomedicines, the adsorption of biomolecules found in blood (mostly proteins) is known as protein corona. On the one hand, the protein corona, as it covers the NPs’ surface, can be considered the biological identity of engineered NPs, because the corona is what cells will “see” instead of the underlying NPs. As such, the protein corona will influence the fate, integrity, and performance of NPs in vivo. On the other hand, the physicochemical properties of the engineered NPs, such as their size, shape, charge, or hydrophobicity, will influence the identity of the proteins attracted to their surface. In this context, the design of coatings for NPs and surfaces that avoid biofouling is an active field of research. The gold standard in the field is the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules, although zwitterions have also proved to be efficient in preventing protein adhesion and fluorinated molecules are emerging as coatings with interesting properties. Hence, in this review, we will focus on recent examples of anti-biofouling coatings in three main areas, that is, PEGylated, zwitterionic, and fluorinated coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications)
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17 pages, 3202 KiB  
Review
Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy from the Injection to the Target: The Role of Protein Corona
by Idoia Mikelez-Alonso, Antonio Aires and Aitziber L. Cortajarena
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(2), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020519 - 14 Jan 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 6328
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become a promising cancer therapy, improving the prognosis of patients with many different types of cancer and offering the possibility for long-term cancer remission. Nevertheless, some patients do not respond to these treatments and immunotherapy has shown some limitations, such as [...] Read more.
Immunotherapy has become a promising cancer therapy, improving the prognosis of patients with many different types of cancer and offering the possibility for long-term cancer remission. Nevertheless, some patients do not respond to these treatments and immunotherapy has shown some limitations, such as immune system resistance or limited bioavailability of the drug. Therefore, new strategies that include the use of nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies. NPs present very different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties compared with free drugs and enable the use of lower doses of immune-stimulating molecules, minimizing their side effects. However, NPs face issues concerning stability in physiological conditions, protein corona (PC) formation, and accumulation in the target tissue. PC formation changes the physicochemical and biological properties of the NPs and in consequence their therapeutic effect. This review summarizes the recent advances in the study of the effects of PC formation in NP-based immunotherapy. PC formation has complex effects on immunotherapy since it can diminish (“immune blinding”) or enhance the immune response in an uncontrolled manner (“immune reactivity”). Here, future perspectives of the field including the latest advances towards the use of personalized protein corona in cancer immunotherapy are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications)
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32 pages, 2791 KiB  
Review
Theranostics Aspects of Various Nanoparticles in Veterinary Medicine
by Ding-Ping Bai, Xin-Yu Lin, Yi-Fan Huang and Xi-Feng Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(11), 3299; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113299 - 24 Oct 2018
Cited by 61 | Viewed by 10329
Abstract
Nanoscience and nanotechnology shows immense interest in various areas of research and applications, including biotechnology, biomedical sciences, nanomedicine, and veterinary medicine. Studies and application of nanotechnology was explored very extensively in the human medical field and also studies undertaken in rodents extensively, still [...] Read more.
Nanoscience and nanotechnology shows immense interest in various areas of research and applications, including biotechnology, biomedical sciences, nanomedicine, and veterinary medicine. Studies and application of nanotechnology was explored very extensively in the human medical field and also studies undertaken in rodents extensively, still either studies or applications in veterinary medicine is not up to the level when compared to applications to human beings. The application in veterinary medicine and animal production is still relatively innovative. Recently, in the era of health care technologies, Veterinary Medicine also entered into a new phase and incredible transformations. Nanotechnology has tremendous and potential influence not only the way we live, but also on the way that we practice veterinary medicine and increase the safety of domestic animals, production, and income to the farmers through use of nanomaterials. The current status and advancements of nanotechnology is being used to enhance the animal growth promotion, and production. To achieve these, nanoparticles are used as alternative antimicrobial agents to overcome the usage alarming rate of antibiotics, detection of pathogenic bacteria, and also nanoparticles being used as drug delivery agents as new drug and vaccine candidates with improved characteristics and performance, diagnostic, therapeutic, feed additive, nutrient delivery, biocidal agents, reproductive aids, and finally to increase the quality of food using various kinds of functionalized nanoparticles, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, micellar nanoparticles, and metal nanoparticles. It seems that nanotechnology is ideal for veterinary applications in terms of cost and the availability of resources. The main focus of this review is describes some of the important current and future principal aspects of involvement of nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine. However, we are not intended to cover the entire scenario of Veterinary Medicine, despite this review is to provide a glimpse at potential important targets of nanotechnology in the field of Veterinary Medicine. Considering the strong potential of the interaction between the nanotechnology and Veterinary Medicine, the aim of this review is to provide a concise description of the advances of nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine, in terms of their potential application of various kinds of nanoparticles, secondly we discussed role of nanomaterials in animal health and production, and finally we discussed conclusion and future perspectives of nanotechnology in veterinary medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications)
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Other

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19 pages, 1945 KiB  
Hypothesis
Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials as Plant Biostimulants
by Antonio Juárez-Maldonado, Hortensia Ortega-Ortíz, América Berenice Morales-Díaz, Susana González-Morales, Álvaro Morelos-Moreno, Marcelino Cabrera-De la Fuente, Alberto Sandoval-Rangel, Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego and Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(1), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010162 - 4 Jan 2019
Cited by 161 | Viewed by 10114
Abstract
Biostimulants are materials that when applied in small amounts are capable of promoting plant growth. Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials (NMs) can be considered as biostimulants since, in specific ranges of concentration, generally in small levels, they increase plant growth. Pristine NPs and NMs [...] Read more.
Biostimulants are materials that when applied in small amounts are capable of promoting plant growth. Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials (NMs) can be considered as biostimulants since, in specific ranges of concentration, generally in small levels, they increase plant growth. Pristine NPs and NMs have a high density of surface charges capable of unspecific interactions with the surface charges of the cell walls and membranes of plant cells. In the same way, functionalized NPs and NMs, and the NPs and NMs with a corona formed after the exposition to natural fluids such as water, soil solution, or the interior of organisms, present a high density of surface charges that interact with specific charged groups in cell surfaces. The magnitude of the interaction will depend on the materials adhered to the corona, but high-density charges located in a small volume cause an intense interaction capable of disturbing the density of surface charges of cell walls and membranes. The electrostatic disturbance can have an impact on the electrical potentials of the outer and inner surfaces, as well as on the transmembrane electrical potential, modifying the activity of the integral proteins of the membranes. The extension of the cellular response can range from biostimulation to cell death and will depend on the concentration, size, and the characteristics of the corona. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Protein Corona and Its Biological Applications)
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