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Prevention and Treatment of Gastric Cancer
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Prevention and Treatment of Gastric Cancer

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2024) | Viewed by 3469

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sacheen Kumar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Upper GI Surgery, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
Interests: oesophageal cancer; gastric cancer; gastrointestinal stromal tumours; benign upper gastrointestinal surgery; upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastric cancer is the 5th most common cancer and the 4th leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Its five-year survival is as low as 21.6% in the UK due to late diagnosis and a limited number of effective treatments. Additionally, 43% of patients have stage IV disease when diagnosed. The symptoms of early gastric cancer are vague and non-specific, including dyspepsia. Typical ‘red flags’, signs that prompt patients to see their doctor, such as a palpable upper abdominal mass, dysphagia, vomiting and weight loss, are more consistent with advanced and even metastatic disease. Therefore, the early diagnostic testing and risk stratification of patients more susceptible to gastric cancer may help identify the disease at an earlier stage, potentially increasing the chances of recovery. Although there are no interventions currently employed to prevent gastric cancer, lifestyle measures may reduce its risk. These include reducing excess alcohol consumption, not smoking, and bringing one’s BMI to within a healthy range. Patients with early disease (T1a) may undergo endoscopic resection. More advanced but curative cases may undergo radical surgical resection and D2 lymphadenectomy with perioperative chemotherapy. Breakthroughs in the immune profiling of tumours, such as mismatch repair deficiency and microsatellite instability, enable patients to potentially benefit from immunotherapy. This may be given concurrently with chemotherapy to improve the overall and recurrence-free survival. Further research on its early diagnosis, risk stratification and systemic therapies are required in order to improve the outcomes of this disease.

Dr. Sacheen Kumar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • early diagnosis
  • risk stratification
  • lifestyle modification
  • perioperative chemotherapy
  • D2 lymphadenectomy
  • gas-tric adenocarcinoma
  • biomarkers

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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11 pages, 2106 KiB  
Article
Distribution and Clinicopathological Features of Mott Cells (Plasma Cells Containing Russell Bodies) in Gastric Cancer: Presence of Mott Cells Is Associated with Favorable Prognosis
by Go Kobayashi, Takeharu Imai and Kazuhiro Sentani
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030658 - 23 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1460
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. We previously reported the relationship between histological heterogeneity of tumor cells and molecular features in GC. The tumor microenvironment also has a crucial role in GC progression and therapeutic resistance. [...] Read more.
Gastric cancer (GC) is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. We previously reported the relationship between histological heterogeneity of tumor cells and molecular features in GC. The tumor microenvironment also has a crucial role in GC progression and therapeutic resistance. In this study, we focused on the tumor microenvironment, especially inflammatory cells in GC. Using GC tissue slides, we investigated the distribution and clinicopathological significance of inflammatory cell counts including eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between Mott cells (plasma cells containing Russell bodies) and clinicopathological features. In neoplastic gastric mucosa, a high number of plasma cells was associated with low T-grade, early stage, and good prognosis. We then focused on Mott cells and found that their presence in neoplastic gastric mucosa was associated with lower T and N grades, early stage, and Helicobacter pylori infection and was inversely associated with CD44 and EGFR expression. Additionally, the presence of Mott cells was associated with good prognosis in advanced GC and was an independent favorable prognostic predictor. The presence of Mott cells in GC might be one useful prognostic predictor, and Mott cells might have an important role in the carcinogenesis of H. pylori infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Treatment of Gastric Cancer)
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20 pages, 1258 KiB  
Systematic Review
Analysis of Patient Outcomes following Curative R0 Multiorgan Resections for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Viorel Dejeu, Paula Dejeu, Anita Muresan, Paula Bradea and Danut Dejeu
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(10), 3010; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13103010 - 20 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1600
Abstract
Background: This systematic review examines the efficacy of multiorgan resection (MOR) in treating locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), focusing on survival outcomes, postoperative morbidity, and mortality. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase up to November 2023, [...] Read more.
Background: This systematic review examines the efficacy of multiorgan resection (MOR) in treating locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), focusing on survival outcomes, postoperative morbidity, and mortality. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase up to November 2023, based on the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria focused on clinical trials, observational studies, case–control studies, and qualitative research, involving patients of any age and gender diagnosed with LAGC undergoing MOR aimed at R0 resection, with secondary outcomes focusing on survival rates, postoperative outcomes, and the effects of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies. Exclusion criteria ruled out non-human studies, research not specifically focused on LAGC patients undergoing MOR, and studies lacking clear, quantifiable outcomes. The quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The final analysis included twenty studies, involving a total of 2489 patients across a time span from 2001 to 2023. Results highlighted a significant variation in median survival times ranging from 10 to 27 months and R0 resection rates from 32.1% to 94.3%. Survival rates one-year post-R0 resection varied between 46.7% and 84.8%, with an adjusted weighted mean of 66.95%. Key predictors of reduced survival included esophageal invasion and peritoneal dissemination, the presence of more than six lymph nodes, and tumor sizes over 10 cm. Nevertheless, the meta-analysis revealed a significant heterogeneity (I2 = 87%), indicating substantial variability across studies, that might be caused by differences in surgical techniques, patient demographics, and treatment settings which influence survival outcomes. Results: The review underlines the important role of achieving R0 resection status in improving survival outcomes, despite the high risks associated with MOR. Variability across studies suggests that local practice patterns and patient demographics significantly influence results. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need for aggressive surgical strategies to improve survival in LAGC treatment, highlighting the importance of achieving curative resection despite inherent challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Treatment of Gastric Cancer)
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