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The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines
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The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2024 | Viewed by 4526

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hongjun Zhu

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Interests: flow-induced vibration; vortex-induced vibration; flow control; flow assurance; fluid–structure interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wanhai Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
Interests: dynamics and control of marine structures; wave energy conversion; vortex-induced vibration; fluid mechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jiasong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
Interests: vortex-induced vibration and galloping; fluid–structure interaction; high-resolution numerical methods; flow control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine risers and pipelines are critical components in marine resource utilization, transporting oil, gas, natural gas hydrate or mineral particles. Risers connect the subsea wellhead or manifold to the surface platform, experiencing the combined action of internal conveyed fluids and external wave and current. Subsea pipelines laid on uneven seafloor undergo a complicated soil–pipe interaction. In addition, the suspended pipe spans subjected to sheared current possibly bear the vortex-induced vibration as well as the pipe–seabed collision. Moreover, the boundary constraints affect the dynamic behavior of marine risers and pipelines. The associated factors include the movement of the platform, the configuration of the riser, the arrangement of buoyancy modules, the pipe–seabed gap, etc. Due to the potential fatigue damage caused by flow-induced vibration, a further understanding of marine risers and pipelines in such complicated conditions is important in predicting service life and conducting operation optimism. Extensive investigations into this topic have been carried out. Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on the state of the art of marine risers and pipelines. We seek contributions from authors that include, but are not limited to, the following areas:

(1) Multiphase flow-induced vibration of marine risers;

(2) Vortex-induced vibration of risers;

(3) Multiphase flow-induced vibration of marine pipelines;

(4) Vortex-induced vibration of pipelines;

(5) Soil–pipeline interaction;

(6) Flow control and vibration suppression of risers and pipelines;

(7) Hydrodynamic analysis;

(8) Fatigue life prediction;

(9) Optimize layout of risers;

(10) Intelligent monitoring and maintenance.

Prof. Dr. Hongjun Zhu
Prof. Dr. Wanhai Xu
Prof. Dr. Jiasong Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • flow-induced vibration
  • vortex-induced vibration
  • slug-induced vibration
  • multiphase flow
  • flow control
  • marine pipelines
  • risers
  • fluid–structure interaction

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5078 KiB  
Article
An Assessment of the Residual Stress of Pipelines Subjected to Localized Large Deformations
by Wanhai Xu, Hang Li, Zhiyou Song and Congyan Meng
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(10), 1789; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12101789 - 8 Oct 2024
Viewed by 573
Abstract
Subsea pipelines subjected to impacts are prone to generating significant deformations and residual stresses, which could reduce their structural integrity and increase the risk of failure. This paper introduces analytical and numerical frameworks aimed at predicting residual stress behavior induced by subsea pipeline [...] Read more.
Subsea pipelines subjected to impacts are prone to generating significant deformations and residual stresses, which could reduce their structural integrity and increase the risk of failure. This paper introduces analytical and numerical frameworks aimed at predicting residual stress behavior induced by subsea pipeline impacts. An empirical formula to regulate residual stress levels in extensively deformed submarine pipelines is derived through a parameter-fitting method. This formula enables the swift and accurate computation of the residual stress magnitudes in such pipelines. Abaqus is employed to simulate the residual stresses in large-deformation submarine pipelines. The results of the finite element analysis are validated through experimental work. A comprehensive database is constructed via the finite element method to fit an empirical formula for residual stresses in large-deformation submarine pipelines. The empirical formula places particular emphasis on the influence of the diameter-to-thickness ratio and dent depth on the residual stresses. It is crucial for pipeline design and maintenance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines)
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17 pages, 5368 KiB  
Article
The Suppression of Flow-Induced Vibrations for a Single and Two Tandem-Arrangement Cylinders Using Three Splitter Plates
by Zhongming Hu, Jiasong Wang, Yuankun Sun and Ke Lin
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1487; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091487 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 723
Abstract
Some very useful methods for suppressing the flow-induced vibration (FIV) of a single cylinder are known to potentially have a limited efficiency for tandem-arrangement cylinders. In this paper, three splitter plates uniformly attached around a cylinder with an angle of 120° are proposed [...] Read more.
Some very useful methods for suppressing the flow-induced vibration (FIV) of a single cylinder are known to potentially have a limited efficiency for tandem-arrangement cylinders. In this paper, three splitter plates uniformly attached around a cylinder with an angle of 120° are proposed to suppress the FIVs of both a single cylinder and two tandem-arrangement cylinders in a wind tunnel at Re = 4000–45,200. The splitter plates’ length to diameter ratios, L/Ds (where L is the length of the splitter plate and D is the cylinder diameter), are set from 0.1 to 0.8. The results show that the proposed method not only effectively suppresses the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) for a single cylinder, but also successfully mitigates the wake-induced galloping (WIG) for two tandem-arrangement cylinders. The vibrations of the single cylinders are effectively suppressed, consistently achieving suppression efficiencies over 95% for L/Ds = 0.2–0.8, with a notable peak efficiency of 98.4% at L/D = 0.2. For the two tandem-arrangement cylinders at S/D = 4.0 (where S is the center-to-center spacing between the two cylinders), the suppression efficiencies of the upstream cylinder exceed 96% for L/D = 0.2–0.8, with an optimal efficiency of 97.4% at L/D = 0.6. The downstream cylinder exhibits vibration only at L/Ds = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4, resulting in suppression efficiencies of 80.3%, 67.1%, and 91.0%. The vibrations remain fully suppressed throughout the entire reduced velocity range for L/Ds = 0.6–0.8, reaching an optimal efficiency of 98.7% at L/D = 0.6. Three regimes of fs/fn characteristics can be classified for the single cylinder, and the wake structures show that shear layers develop along the front plate before attaching on the cylinder and are then offset to either side of the cylinder by the two rear splitter plates, contributing to the absence of periodic vortex shedding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines)
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18 pages, 11487 KiB  
Article
Wideband Vibro-Acoustic Coupling Investigation in Three Dimensions Using Order-Reduced Isogeometric Finite Element/Boundary Element Method
by Yanming Xu, Xin Zhang, Jiachen Wang and Zhongming Hu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1330; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081330 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 655
Abstract
This study introduces an innovative model-order reduction (MOR) technique that integrates boundary element and finite element methodologies, streamlining the analysis of wideband vibro-acoustic interactions within aquatic and aerial environments. The external acoustic phenomena are efficiently simulated via the boundary element method (BEM), while [...] Read more.
This study introduces an innovative model-order reduction (MOR) technique that integrates boundary element and finite element methodologies, streamlining the analysis of wideband vibro-acoustic interactions within aquatic and aerial environments. The external acoustic phenomena are efficiently simulated via the boundary element method (BEM), while the finite element method (FEM) adeptly captures the dynamics of vibrating thin-walled structures. Furthermore, the integration of isogeometric analysis within the finite element/boundary element framework ensures geometric integrity and maintains high-order continuity for Kirchhoff–Love shell models, all without the intermediary step of meshing. Foundational to our reduced-order model is the application of the second-order Arnoldi method coupled with Taylor expansions, effectively eliminating the frequency dependence of system matrices. The proposed technique significantly enhances the computational efficiency of wideband vibro-acoustic coupling analyses, as demonstrated through numerical simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines)
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32 pages, 23588 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Response Analysis of a Subsea Rigid M-Shaped Jumper under Combined Internal and External Flows
by Guangzhao Li, Wenhua Li, Shanying Lin, Fenghui Han and Xingkun Zhou
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(8), 1261; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081261 - 26 Jul 2024
Viewed by 621
Abstract
To analyze the dynamic response of a rigid M-shaped jumper subjected to combined internal and external flows, a one-way coupled fluid–structure interaction process is applied. First, CFD simulations are conducted separately for the internal and external fluid domains. The pressure histories on the [...] Read more.
To analyze the dynamic response of a rigid M-shaped jumper subjected to combined internal and external flows, a one-way coupled fluid–structure interaction process is applied. First, CFD simulations are conducted separately for the internal and external fluid domains. The pressure histories on the inner and outer walls are exported and loaded into the finite element model using inverse distance interpolation. Then, FEA is performed to determine the dynamic response, followed by a fatigue assessment based on the obtained stress data. The displacement, acceleration, and stress distribution along the M-shaped jumper are obtained. External flow velocity dominates the displacements, while internal flow velocity dominates the vibrations and stresses. The structural response to the combined effect of internal and external flows, plus the response to gravity alone, equals the sum of the structural responses to internal flow alone and external flow alone. Fatigue damage is calculated for the bend exhibiting the most intense vibration and higher stress levels, and the locations with significant damage correspond to areas with high maximum von Mises stress. This paper aims to evaluate multiple flow fields acting simultaneously on subsea pipelines and to identify the main factors that provide valuable information for their design, monitoring, and maintenance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines)
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14 pages, 3124 KiB  
Article
Effects of Angle of Attack on Flow-Induced Vibration of a D-Section Prism
by Shiguang Fan, Zhuang Li, Jining Song, Xietian Du and Juan Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(7), 1235; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071235 - 22 Jul 2024
Viewed by 625
Abstract
The VIVACE device, which utilizes flow-induced vibration for harvesting ocean current energy, has been a research hotspot in the field of renewable energy. In this study, the flow-induced vibration characteristics and energy conversion efficiency of a D-section prism were investigated using the k-ω [...] Read more.
The VIVACE device, which utilizes flow-induced vibration for harvesting ocean current energy, has been a research hotspot in the field of renewable energy. In this study, the flow-induced vibration characteristics and energy conversion efficiency of a D-section prism were investigated using the k-ω SST turbulence model and Newmark-β method. The vibration amplitude, frequency, equilibrium position offset, and energy conversion efficiency of the two-degree-of-freedom cylinder were systematically analyzed at seven angles of attack between 0 and 180 degrees. The Reynolds number ranged from 368 to 14,742, corresponding to equivalent speeds of 2 to 20. The results indicate that the angle of attack has a significant influence on the flow-induced vibration response of the D-section prism. As the angle of attack changes, the vibration amplitude of the cylinder continuously increases, and the cylinder sequentially enters the vortex-induced vibration, vortex-induced vibration-galloping, and fully galloping branches. The change in the angle of attack disrupts the symmetry of the cylinder’s vibration in the streamwise direction, leading to a shift in the equilibrium position of the cylinder’s vibration. When the angle of attack is 0°, the energy conversion efficiency of the column reaches a maximum of 11.75%. Additionally, at high Reynolds numbers, the vibration of the cylinder is not self-limiting, making it more advantageous for energy conversion devices compared to cylinders with circular cross-sections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines)
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20 pages, 15277 KiB  
Article
Unveiling Turbulent Flow Dynamics in Blind-Tee Pipelines: Enhancing Fluid Mixing in Subsea Pipeline Systems
by Fenghui Han, Qingyuan Lan, Yuxiang Liu, Guang Yin, Muk Chen Ong, Wenhua Li and Zhe Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(7), 1199; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071199 - 17 Jul 2024
Viewed by 747
Abstract
Blind tees, as important junctions, are widely used in offshore oil and gas transportation systems to improve mixing flow conditions and measurement accuracies in curved pipes. Despite the significance of blind tees, their unsteady flow characteristics and mixing mechanisms in turbulent flow regimes [...] Read more.
Blind tees, as important junctions, are widely used in offshore oil and gas transportation systems to improve mixing flow conditions and measurement accuracies in curved pipes. Despite the significance of blind tees, their unsteady flow characteristics and mixing mechanisms in turbulent flow regimes are not clearly established. Therefore, in this study, Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulations, coupled with Explicit Algebraic Reynolds Stress Model (EARSM), are employed to explore the complex turbulent flow characteristics within blind-tee pipes. Firstly, the statistical flow features are investigated based on the time-averaged results, and the swirl dissipation analysis reveals an intense dissipative process occurring within blind tees, surpassing conventional elbows in swirling intensity. Then, the instantaneous flow characteristics are investigated through time and frequency domain analysis, uncovering the oscillatory patterns and elucidating the mechanisms behind unsteady secondary flow motions. In a 2D-length blind tee, a nondimensional dominant frequency of oscillation (Stbt = 0.0361) is identified, highlighting the significant correlation between dominant frequencies inside and downstream of the plugged section, which emphasizes the critical role of the plugged structure in these unsteady motions. Finally, a power spectra analysis is conducted to explore the influence of blind-tee structures, indicating that the blind-tee length of lbt = 2D enhances the flow-mixing conditions by amplifying the oscillation intensities of secondary flow motions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The State of the Art of Marine Risers and Pipelines)
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