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Diagnosis and Management of Human Mold Infections
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Diagnosis and Management of Human Mold Infections

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 1430

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Suzana Otašević

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Guest Editor
Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Public Health Institute-Niš, Boulevard dr Zoran Đinđić 50, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: clinic and diagnostic microbiology; skin infection; genital infections; microbial drug-resistance; fungal pathogens; laboratory data processing and modeling; health promotion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mihai Mareș

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Guest Editor
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 700489 Iasi, Romania
Interests: medical mycology; antimicrobials; antimicrobial resistance; mycobacteria; biofilms; infectious diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, published data indicate a significant increase in both the incidence and prevalence of superficial and invasive infections caused by non-dermatophytic fungi. Besides Aspergillus species and Mucorales fungi, many hyalohyphomycetes and dematiceae could cause fungal infections in patients as species of genera Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Scopulariopsis, Lomentospora, Scedosporium, Exophiala, Schizophyllum, Alternaria, etc. The strategy of diagnosis and treatment depends on the availability of diagnostic procedures and tests as well as effective drugs. The first problem could be solved by overcoming the standard mycological analyses, which are time consuming and need expert knowledge, and by focusing on designing and adopting new non-culture methods. These are possible through designing, uprising, validating, and establishing molecular techniques, satisfactory progress in the MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry techniques, or attempts at new imaging tools, or, recently, the development of a neural network model that can aid in the identification of molds. Consensus for management, official guidelines and recommendations in a multidisciplinary approach to these infection will improve and optimize diagnostics as well as secure the implementation of the most effective treatment. The antifungal susceptibility profile of the mold isolates can help in guiding therapy, but it is also useful to appreciate the general trend of resistance to various antifungal molecules.

Prof. Dr. Suzana Otašević
Prof. Dr. Mihai Mareș
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • non-dermatophytic molds
  • diagnostics
  • treatment
  • antimycotics
  • superficial fungal infection
  • invasive fungal infection

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 236 KiB  
Article
PCR-Based Microarray Enhances Diagnosis of Culture-Negative Biopsied Tissue in Patients with Invasive Mold Infections: Real-World Experience in a Tertiary Medical Center
by Hao-En Jan, Chin-Shiang Tsai, Cong-Tat Cia, Ching-Chi Lee, Ying-Wen Chen, Nan-Yao Lee, Chia-Wen Li, Ming-Chi Li, Ling-Shan Syue, Ching-Lung Lo, Tsung-Chain Chang, Chi-Jung Wu, Wen-Chien Ko and Po-Lin Chen
J. Fungi 2024, 10(8), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10080530 - 29 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1028
Abstract
A fungal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies conserved genes across diverse species, combined with the subsequent hybridization of amplicons using a specific oligonucleotide microarray, allowing for the rapid detection of pathogens at the species level. However, the performance of microarrays in diagnosing invasive [...] Read more.
A fungal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies conserved genes across diverse species, combined with the subsequent hybridization of amplicons using a specific oligonucleotide microarray, allowing for the rapid detection of pathogens at the species level. However, the performance of microarrays in diagnosing invasive mold infections (IMI) from infected tissue samples is rarely reported. During the 4-year study period, all biopsied tissue samples from patients with a suspected IMI sent for microarray assays were analyzed. A partial segment of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified by nested PCR after DNA extraction. Amplicons were hybridized with specific probes for a variety of mold species using an in-house oligonucleotide microarray. A total of 80 clinical samples from 74 patients were tested. A diagnosis of an IMI was made in 10 patients (4 proven, 1 probable, 3 possible, 2 clinical suspicion). The PCR/microarray test was positive for three out of four proven IMIs, one probable IMI, and one out of three possible IMIs. Two patients with positive PCR/microarray findings were considered to have clinical suspicion of an IMI, and their responsible physicians initiated antifungal therapy despite the absence of supporting microbiological and histological evidence. Clinical diagnoses were categorized into non-IMI and IMI groups (including proven, probable, possible, and clinical suspicion). The sensitivity and specificity of the microarray in diagnosing the IMIs were 70% and 95.7%, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of the culture and histological findings were 10%/96.3% and 40.0%/100%, respectively. PCR-based methods provide supportive microbiological evidence when culture results are inconclusive. The combination of a microarray with fungal culture and histology promotes the precise diagnosis of IMIs in difficult-to-diagnose patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Human Mold Infections)
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