A Personalized Medicine Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Biological Targets for Effective Treatments

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanisms of Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 2285

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Child Health, College of Medicine—Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
2. Section on Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
Interests: neurodevelopment disorders; metabolic disorders; autism; mitochondrial disorders; folate metabolism; redox metabolism
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) now affects more than 2% of children, and its prevalence continues to increase. At present, there is no curative treatment, and current therapies provide suboptimal habilitation to many of the affected individuals; for many, this leads to ASD being framed as a lifelong disorder, rather than simply a disorder isolated to childhood. The significant heterogeneity of ASD has made the development of diagnostic tools and treatments challenging. Rather than treating symptoms, it would be optimal for treatments to target biological mechanisms underlying ASD. Treatment targets include genetic, metabolic, neurophysiologic, immune, and gastrointestinal targets, to name a few. This is the third in a series of Special Issues aimed at defining better treatment of individuals with ASD using a personalized medicine approach. Our two previous Special Issues have provided insight into the application of personalized medicine to enhance the diagnosis and detection of these pathophysiological processes and predict the response of individuals with ASD to treatment (refer to the first edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jpm/special_issues/Personalized_Medicine_Approach_ASD; the second edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jpm/special_issues/91FSO3ICV2).

Aim and scope: Our aim is to publish high-impact articles describing a personalized medicine approach for the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of ASD. This year, we wish to focus on studies that are defining treatment targets in order to facilitate more effective treatments.

History: ASD is a difficult disorder to diagnose and treat, both because its diagnosis is traditionally not based on objective biomarkers and because there are numerous underlying pathophysiological processes, which may be difficult to detect. The treatment response is extremely variable, and the biomarkers used to predict response are limited. Thus, a personalized medicine approach could greatly benefit this population.

Cutting-edge research: We welcome the submission of articles that describe the genetic, epigenetic, physiologic, metabolic, immunological, microbiome, behavior, educational, and societal factors that are targets for treatment of ASD.

What kind of papers we are soliciting: We encourage the submission of manuscripts that describe a personalized medicine approach for the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of ASD, particularly those that describe targets for treatments.

Prof. Dr. Richard E. Frye
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • autism spectrum disorder
  • genetic syndromes
  • autonomic dysfunction
  • autoimmunity
  • epigenetic
  • folate/B12 metabolism
  • gene expression
  • genetics
  • immunology
  • metabolomics
  • methylation
  • microRNA
  • mitochondrial dysfunction
  • neurophysiology
  • quantitative behavior
  • redox metabolism/oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • seizures

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 290 KiB  
Review
Feeding-Related Early Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review
by Kamila Castro, Richard E Frye, Eduarda Silva, Cristiane Vasconcelos, Laura Hoffmann, Rudimar Riesgo and Juliana Vaz
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(8), 823; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14080823 - 2 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Feeding difficulties are prevalent among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nevertheless, the knowledge about the association between feeding-related early signs and child development remains limited. This review aimed to describe the signs and symptoms related to feeding during child development and to [...] Read more.
Feeding difficulties are prevalent among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nevertheless, the knowledge about the association between feeding-related early signs and child development remains limited. This review aimed to describe the signs and symptoms related to feeding during child development and to explore their relevance to the diagnosis of ASD. Specialists in nutrition and/or ASD conducted a search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. Although studies in typically developing children demonstrate age-related variations in hunger and satiety cues, the literature about early feeding indicators in ASD is scarce. Challenges such as shortened breastfeeding duration, difficulties in introducing solid foods, and atypical mealtime behaviors are frequently observed in children with ASD. The eating difficulties experienced during childhood raise concerns for caregivers who base their feeding practices on their perceptions of food acceptance or refusal. Considering the observed associations between feeding difficulties and ASD, the importance of recognizing feeding-related signs according to developmental milestones is emphasized to alert medical professionals that deviation in the formation of feeding habits and skills could indicate the need for ASD diagnostic investigation. Full article
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