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Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials
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Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 10445

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Francesco Rossella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Scuola di Ingegneria, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
Interests: III-V semiconductor nanowires; nanowire devices and applications; transport phenomena at the nanoscale; low dimensional nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Quasi-1D systems, e.g., nanowires, novel 2D materials, thin films, and nanoparticles, are playing an emerging role as functional materials in different fields of applications, including energy conversion and harvesting and quantum technologies, as well as biology-oriented fields such as translational nanomedicine and translational nanotechnologies at large.

Nanotechnology is taking on the key challenge of implementing nano- and low-dimensional-materials in nanodevice architectures, disclosing the potentials of such nanoscale systems, and enabling unique functionalities in nanoelectronics, nano-optoelectronics, and photonics.

This Special Issue aims to realize a collection of selected research articles and reviews authored by leading scientists that are shaping the future of functional nanomaterials. In this, the Special Issue will allocate dedicated slots for publishing articles authored by emerging young scientists and by women in science.

Dr. Francesco Rossella
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • quasi-1D systems
  • nanowires
  • 2D materials
  • thin films
  • nanoparticles
  • functional nanomaterials
  • nanodevices
  • energy
  • quantum technologies
  • translational nanomedicine and nanotechnology

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2716 KiB  
Article
Segregated Conductive Polymer Composite with Fe3O4-Decorated Graphite Nanoparticles for Microwave Shielding
by Ludmila Yu. Matzui, Oleksii A. Syvolozhskyi, Ludmila L. Vovchenko, Olena S. Yakovenko, Tetyana A. Len, Olena V. Ischenko, Anna V. Vakaliuk, Victor V. Oliynyk, Volodymyr V. Zagorodnii, Antonina Naumenko, Maria Cojocari, Georgy Fedorov and Polina Kuzhir
Materials 2024, 17(12), 2808; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17122808 - 8 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 809
Abstract
Graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs)—the segregated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites with hybrid filler—decorated with Fe3O4 were developed. Using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, it was shown that the decorated component has the shape of separate granules, or their clusters [...] Read more.
Graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs)—the segregated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites with hybrid filler—decorated with Fe3O4 were developed. Using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, it was shown that the decorated component has the shape of separate granules, or their clusters were distributed evenly over the GNPs surface. The individual Fe3O4 nanoparticles are predominantly rounded, with diameters of approximately 20–60 nm. The use of GNPs/Fe3O4 as a filler leads to significant decreases in the percolation limit φc, 0.97 vol% vs. 0.56 vol% for GNPs/UHMWPE- and (GNPs/Fe3O4)/UHMWPE segregated composite material (SCM), respectively. Modification of the GNP surface with Fe3O4 leads to an essential improvement in the electromagnetic interference shielding due to enhanced microwave absorption in the 26–37 GHz frequency range in its turn by abundant surface functional groups and lattice defects of GNPs/Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials)
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14 pages, 6810 KiB  
Article
Convergence and Performance Analysis of a Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Optical Tuning of Gold Nanohole Arrays
by Margherita Angelini, Luca Zagaglia, Franco Marabelli and Francesco Floris
Materials 2024, 17(4), 807; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040807 - 7 Feb 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1154
Abstract
Gold nanohole arrays, hybrid metal/dielectric metasurfaces composed of periodically arranged air holes in a thick gold film, exhibit versatile support for both localized and propagating surface plasmons. Leveraging their capabilities, particularly in surface plasmon resonance-oriented applications, demands precise optical tuning. In this study, [...] Read more.
Gold nanohole arrays, hybrid metal/dielectric metasurfaces composed of periodically arranged air holes in a thick gold film, exhibit versatile support for both localized and propagating surface plasmons. Leveraging their capabilities, particularly in surface plasmon resonance-oriented applications, demands precise optical tuning. In this study, a customized particle swarm optimization algorithm, implemented in Ansys Lumerical FDTD, was employed to optically tune gold nanohole arrays treated as bidimensional gratings following the Bragg condition. Both square and triangular array dispositions were considered. Convergence and evolution of the particle swarm optimization algorithm were studied, and a mathematical model was developed to interpret its outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials)
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18 pages, 9023 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Cobalt-Based Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Methanol Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation
by Anna Carrasco-García, Seyed Alireza Vali, Zahra Ben-Abbou, Javier Moral-Vico, Ahmad Abo Markeb and Antoni Sánchez
Materials 2024, 17(3), 697; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17030697 - 1 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2048
Abstract
The increasing emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has urged the scientific community to investigate alternatives to alleviate such emissions, being that they are the principal contributor to the greenhouse gas effect. One major alternative is carbon capture and utilization (CCU) toward [...] Read more.
The increasing emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has urged the scientific community to investigate alternatives to alleviate such emissions, being that they are the principal contributor to the greenhouse gas effect. One major alternative is carbon capture and utilization (CCU) toward the production of value-added chemicals using diverse technologies. This work aims at the study of the catalytic potential of different cobalt-derived nanoparticles for methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide hydrogenation. Thanks to its abundance and cost efficacy, cobalt can serve as an economical catalyst compared to noble metal-based catalysts. In this work, we present a systematic comparison among different cobalt and cobalt oxide nanocomposites in terms of their efficiency as catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol as well as how different supports, zeolites, MnO2, and CeO2, can enhance their catalytic capacity. The oxygen vacancies in the cerium oxide act as carbon dioxide adsorption and activation sites, which facilitates a higher methanol production yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials)
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15 pages, 4549 KiB  
Article
Reimagining Carbon Nanomaterial Analysis: Empowering Transfer Learning and Machine Vision in Scanning Electron Microscopy for High-Fidelity Identification
by Siddharth Gupta, Sunayana Gupta and Arushi Gupta
Materials 2023, 16(15), 5426; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155426 - 2 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1596
Abstract
In this report, we propose a novel technique for identifying and analyzing diverse nanoscale carbon allotropes using scanning electron micrographs. By precisely controlling the quenching rates of undercooled molten carbon through laser irradiation, we achieved the formation of microdiamonds, nanodiamonds, and Q-carbon films. [...] Read more.
In this report, we propose a novel technique for identifying and analyzing diverse nanoscale carbon allotropes using scanning electron micrographs. By precisely controlling the quenching rates of undercooled molten carbon through laser irradiation, we achieved the formation of microdiamonds, nanodiamonds, and Q-carbon films. However, standard laser irradiation without proper undercooling control leads to the formation of sparsely located diverse carbon polymorphs, hindering their discovery and classification through manual analyses. To address this challenge, we applied transfer-learning approaches using convolutional neural networks and computer vision techniques to achieve allotrope discovery even with sparse spatial presence. Our method achieved high accuracy rates of 92% for Q-carbon identification and 94% for distinguishing it from nanodiamonds. By leveraging scanning electron micrographs and precise undercooling control, our technique enables the efficient identification and characterization of nanoscale carbon structures. This research significantly contributes to the advancement of the field, providing automated tools for Q-materials and carbon polymorph identification. It opens up new opportunities for the further exploration of these materials in various applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials)
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11 pages, 3519 KiB  
Article
Polarization Control in Integrated Graphene-Silicon Quantum Photonics Waveguides
by Simone Cammarata, Andrea Fontana, Ali Emre Kaplan, Samuele Cornia, Thu Ha Dao, Cosimo Lacava, Valeria Demontis, Simone Iadanza, Valerio Vitali, Fabio De Matteis, Elena Pedreschi, Guido Magazzù, Alessandra Toncelli, Franco Spinella, Sergio Saponara, Roberto Gunnella, Francesco Rossella, Andrea Salamon and Vittorio Bellani
Materials 2022, 15(24), 8739; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15248739 - 7 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2352
Abstract
We numerically investigated the use of graphene nanoribbons placed on top of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) strip waveguides for light polarization control in silicon photonic-integrated waveguides. We found that two factors mainly affected the polarization control: the graphene chemical potential and the geometrical parameters of [...] Read more.
We numerically investigated the use of graphene nanoribbons placed on top of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) strip waveguides for light polarization control in silicon photonic-integrated waveguides. We found that two factors mainly affected the polarization control: the graphene chemical potential and the geometrical parameters of the waveguide, such as the waveguide and nanoribbon widths and distance. We show that the graphene chemical potential influences both TE and TM polarizations almost in the same way, while the waveguide width tapering enables both TE-pass and TM-pass polarizing functionalities. Overall, by increasing the oxide spacer thickness between the silicon waveguide and the top graphene layer, the device insertion losses can be reduced, while preserving a high polarization extinction ratio. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials)
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15 pages, 1421 KiB  
Perspective
Optimization of Coherent Dynamics of Localized Surface Plasmons in Gold and Silver Nanospheres; Large Size Effects
by Krystyna Kolwas
Materials 2023, 16(5), 1801; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051801 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1478
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles have attracted attention in recent years due to a number of their exciting applications in plasmonic applications, e.g., in sensing, high-gain antennas, structural colour printing, solar energy management, nanoscale lasing, and biomedicines. The report embraces the electromagnetic description of inherent [...] Read more.
Noble metal nanoparticles have attracted attention in recent years due to a number of their exciting applications in plasmonic applications, e.g., in sensing, high-gain antennas, structural colour printing, solar energy management, nanoscale lasing, and biomedicines. The report embraces the electromagnetic description of inherent properties of spherical nanoparticles, which enable resonant excitation of Localized Surface Plasmons (defined as collective excitations of free electrons), and the complementary model in which plasmonic nanoparticles are treated as quantum quasi-particles with discrete electronic energy levels. A quantum picture including plasmon damping processes due to the irreversible coupling to the environment enables us to distinguish between the dephasing of coherent electron motion and the decay of populations of electronic states. Using the link between classical EM and the quantum picture, the explicit dependence of the population and coherence damping rates as a function of NP size is given. Contrary to the usual expectations, such dependence for Au and Ag NPs is not a monotonically growing function, which provides a new perspective for tailoring plasmonic properties in larger-sized nanoparticles, which are still hardly available experimentally. The practical tools for comparing the plasmonic performance of gold and silver nanoparticles of the same radii in an extensive range of sizes are also given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoscale and Low-Dimensional Functional Materials)
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